Download or read book Particle Size Prediction in Reactive Precipitation Processes written by Jesse Ted Pikturna and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aqueous reductive precipitation of palladium metal has been studied in semibatch stirred tank reactors. Scale-up from the bench scale to the 20 gallon scale has been studied using empirical scale-up rules. Some of the well-known difficulties and benefits associated with empirical methods for scale-up have been observed in this system. In order to accurately predict particle size distributions (PSDs) in precipitation reactions, local variations in hydrodynamics, degree of supersaturation, and particle size distributions need to be accurately tracked. Discretized Population Balance (DPB) methods can accurately model precipitation process in well-mixed, uniform shear environments, but the implementation of DPB routines into CFD codes results in intractable problems. One excellent alternative to the DPB is the Quadrature Method of Moments (QMOM), which provides a very useful closure to the moment-transformed population balance equations. The QMOM is very attractive for CFD applications because of its excellent accuracy and computational efficiency. Here, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations have been completed in order to validate the QMOM for aggregation processes. The accuracy of the QMOM has been demonstrated through excellent agreement with the MC simulations for aggregation by the hydrodynamic and Brownian kernels. In order to realize the full benefits of the QMOM in a CFD simulation, accurate kinetic data for the fundamental steps in precipitation reactions are essential. Kinetic data for the precipitation of aniline hydrochloride have been experimentally characterized with the use of a static mixing tube. The final PSDs resulting from reactions at different initial levels of supersaturation have been measured. The QMOM, combined with an ODE solver, was coupled with an optimization routine in order to determine kinetic parameters for the precipitation reaction. Using these kinetic parameters and the QMOM, the precipitation of aniline hydrochloride in a Taylor-Couette reactor has been simulated with a CFD code. This precipitation process has also been experimentally studied in a TC reactor, which had the same geometry as the simulated reactor and was operated under conditions identical to the simulated conditions. Results from the experiments are compared with simulated results.
Download or read book Process Simulation of Technical Precipitation Processes The Influence of Mixing written by Metzger, Lukas and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work develops and shows up methods to tackle multi-scale challenges in particle formation during precipitation crystallization. Firstly, molecular, micro- and meso-scale interactions in confined impinging jet mixers are investigated and simulatively predicted. Secondly, to build up on developed methods, macroscale as present for instance in stirred tank reactors is added to the considerations.
Download or read book 14th International Symposium on Industrial Crystallization written by and published by IChemE. This book was released on 1999 with total page 2454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This conference provides a forum for discussion of the advances in the theory and practice of crystallization as it relates to the production of bulk crystalline materials.
Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Precipitation Processes written by Liguang Wang and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First, an experimental and computational investigation of the effects of local fluid shear rate on the aggregation and breakage of [Difference] 10 [Mu]m latex spheres suspended in an aqueous solution undergoing laminar and turbulent Taylor-Couette flow was carried out, according to the following program. First, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed and the flow field predictions were validated with data from particle image velocimetry experiments. Subsequently, the quadrature method of moments (QMOM) was implemented into the CFD code to obtain predictions for mean particle size that account for the effects of local shear rate on the aggregation and breakage. These predictions were then compared with experimental data for latex sphere aggregates (using an in-situ optical imaging method) and with predictions using spatial average shear rates. The mean particle size evolution predicted by CFD and QMOM using appropriate kinetic expressions that incorporate information concerning the particle morphology (fractal dimension) and the local fluid viscous effects on aggregation collision efficiency matches well with the experimental data. Second, CFD simulation of turbulent reactive precipitation in a poorly micromixed plug-flow reactor has been investigated in this work. The predictions of multi-environment and transported PDF models are compared. For the first time, DQMOM is formulated and applied to approximate the composition PDF transport equation. When properly chosen, the resulting DQMOM correction terms enforce agreement between selected lower-order moments of the mixture-fraction PDF and the exact moment transport equations. Likewise, for reacting scalars, the multi-environment PDF model provides a closure for the chemical source term, and the DQMOM correction terms enforce the correct behave of the lower-order moments under the influence of turbulent diffusivity. Results for reactive precipitation show that the DQMOM-IEM model agrees closely with a transported PDF model. Since the multi-environment PDF model is much less computationally intensive than the transported PDF model, it is easy and extremely promising to couple the simple Eulerian-based multi-environment PDF models with a commercial CFD code for realistic industrial problems. Third, a novel algorithm, in-situ adaptive tabulation, has been implemented in a CFD code for the integration of reactive precipitation. A speed-up of [Difference]10 was achieved.
Download or read book Multimodal Polymers with Supported Catalysts written by Alexandra Romina Albunia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-16 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of polyolefine production, including several recent breakthrough innovations in the fields of catalysis, process technology, and materials design. The industrial development of polymers is an extraordinary example of multidisciplinary cooperation, involving experts from different fields. An understanding of structure-property and processing relationships leads to the design of materials with innovative performance profiles. A comprehensive description of the connection between innovative material performance and multimodal polymer design, which incorporates both flexibility and constraints of multimodal processes and catalyst needs, is provided. This book provides a summary of the polymerization process, from the atomistic level to the macroscale, process components, including catalysts, and their influence on final polymer performance. This reference merges academic research and industrial knowledge to fill the gaps between academic research and industrial processes. · Connects innovative material performance to the flexibility of multimodal polymer design processes; · Provides a comprehensive description of the polymerization process from the atomic level to the macroscale; · Presents a polyhedric view of multimodal polymer production, including structure, property, and processing relationships, and the development of new materials.
Download or read book Engineering of Submicron Particles written by Jayanta Chakraborty and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-06-10 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brings together in one place the fundamental theory and models, and the practical aspects of submicron particle engineering This book attempts to resolve the tricky aspects of engineering submicron particles by discussing the fundamental theories of frequently used research tools—both theoretical and experimental. The first part covers the Fundamental Models and includes sections on nucleation, growth, inter-molecular and inter-particle forces, colloidal stability, and kinetics. The second part examines the Modelling of a Suspension and features chapters on fundamental concepts of particulate systems, writing the number balance, modelling systems with particle breakage and aggregation, and Monte Carlo simulation. The book also offers plenty of diagrams, software, examples, brief experimental demonstrations, and exercises with answers. Engineering of Submicron Particles: Fundamental Concepts and Models offers a lengthy discussion of classical nucleation theory, and introduces other nucleation mechanisms like organizer mechanisms. It also looks at older growth models like diffusion controlled or surface nucleation controlled growth, along with new generation models like connected net analysis. Aggregation models and inter-particle potentials are touched upon in a prelude on intermolecular and surface forces. The book also provides analytical and numerical solutions of population balance models so readers can solve basic population balance equations independently. Presents the fundamental theory, practical aspects, and models of submicron particle engineering Teaches readers to write number balances for their own system of interest Provides software with open code for solution of population balance model through discretization Filled with diagrams, examples, demonstrations, and exercises Engineering of Submicron Particles: Fundamental Concepts and Models will appeal to researchers in chemical engineering, physics, chemistry, engineering, and mathematics concerned with particulate systems. It is also a good text for advanced students taking particle technology courses.
Download or read book Processing by Centrifugation written by Liya L. Regel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume constitutes the proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Materials Processing at High Gravity, held at Clarkson University, May 29 to June 2, 2000. There were 73 attendees from 16 countries. Since the topics extended well beyond materials processing, it was felt appropriate to name this proceedings "Centrifugal Processing." Processing by Centrifugation includes the traditional bench-scale centrifuges, as well as all rotating systems utilizing the centrifugal and Coriolis forces to provide unique performance. Centrifugation led to the formation of sticky porous Teflon membranes, as well as improved polymeric solar cells. Centrifugation on large equipment improved the chemical vapor deposition of diamond films, influenced the growth and dissolution of semiconductor crystals, and elucidated the influence of gravity on coagulation of colloidal Teflon. A million g centrifuge was constructed and used to study sedimentation in solids and to prepare compositionally graded materials and new phases. Rotation of a pipe about its axis allowed the casting of large-diameter metal alloy pipes as well as coating the interior of pipes with a cermet utilizing self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. Such coatings are highly corrosion and erosion resistant. Flow on a rotating disk was shown to be useful for process intensification, such as large-scale manufacturing of nano-particles, polymerization reactions, and heat & mass transfer. Several theoretical studies dealt with the influence of rotation on fluid convection on surfaces and in pipes, tubes, and porous media. These have applications to integrated-circuit chip manufacturing, alloy casting, oil production, crystal growth, and the operation of rotating machinery.
Download or read book Process Simulation of Technical Precipitation Processes The Influence of Mixing written by Lukas Metzger and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work develops and shows up methods to tackle multi-scale challenges in particle formation during precipitation crystallization. Firstly, molecular, micro- and meso-scale interactions in confined impinging jet mixers are investigated and simulatively predicted. Secondly, to build up on developed methods, macroscale as present for instance in stirred tank reactors is added to the considerations. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.
Download or read book Reactive transport modeling of fluid rock interactions associated with carbonate diagenesis and implications for reservoir quality prediction written by Ying Xiong and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2022-07-26 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diagenesis research is the foundation of hydrocarbon reservoir characterization and exploration. Reactive transport modeling (RTM) is an emerging approach for diagenesis research, with unique capability of quantification and forward modeling of the coupled thermo-hydro-chemical processes of diagenesis. Using TOUGHREACT simulator, this thesis investigates the two most important fluid-rock interactions in carbonate rocks, i.e., dolomitization and karstification, based on generic model analyses and a case study in the Ordos Basin, China. In particular, this study attempts to quantitatively characterize the diagenetic processes and to reconstruct the diagenesis-porosity evolution of carbonate reservoirs. Some controversies in carbonate diagenesis research, which cannot be well explained by classical geological methods, have also been discussed. The results are helpful to better understand the spatial-temporal distribution and co-evolution of diagenesis-mineral-porosity during the complicated diagenetic processes with their potential controlling factors, and to reduce the uncertainty of reservoir quality prediction.
Download or read book Handbook of Industrial Crystallization written by Allan Myerson and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2002-01-08 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystallization is an important separation and purification process used in industries ranging from bulk commodity chemicals to specialty chemicals and pharmaceuticals. In recent years, a number of environmental applications have also come to rely on crystallization in waste treatment and recycling processes.The authors provide an introduction to the field of newcomers and a reference to those involved in the various aspects of industrial crystallization. It is a complete volume covering all aspects of industrial crystallization, including material related to both fundamentals and applications. This new edition presents detailed material on crystallization of biomolecules, precipitation, impurity-crystal interactions, solubility, and design. Provides an ideal introduction for industrial crystallization newcomers Serves as a worthwhile reference to anyone involved in the fieldCovers all aspects of industrial crystallization in a single, complete volume
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pore Scale Geochemical Processes written by Carl Steefel and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-09-25 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This RiMG (Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry) volume includes contributions that review experimental, characterization, and modeling advances in our understanding of pore-scale geochemical processes. The volume had its origins in a special theme session at the 2015 Goldschmidt Conference in Prague. From a diversity of pore-scale topics that ranged from multi-scale characterization to modeling, this work summarizes the state-of-the-science in this subject. Topics include: modification of thermodynamics and kinetics in small pores. chemo-mechanical processes and how they affect porosity evolution in geological media. small angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques. how isotopic gradients across fluid–mineral boundaries can develop and how these provide insight into pore-scale processes. Information on an important class of models referred to as "pore network" and much more. The material in this book is accessible for graduate students, researchers, and professionals in the earth, material, environmental, hydrological, and biological sciences. The pore scale is readily recognizable to geochemists, and yet in the past it has not received a great deal of attention as a distinct scale or environment that is associated with its own set of questions and challenges. Is the pore scale merely an environment in which smaller scale (molecular) processes aggregate, or are there emergent phenomena unique to this scale? Is it simply a finer-grained version of the "continuum" scale that is addressed in larger-scale models and interpretations? The scale is important because it accounts for the pore architecture within which such diverse processes as multi-mineral reaction networks, microbial community interaction, and transport play out, giving rise to new geochemical behavior that might not be understood or predicted by considering smaller or larger scales alone.
Download or read book Recent Advances In Computational Science And Engineering Proceedings Of The International Conference On Scientific And Engineering Computation Ic sec 2002 written by Justin Kwok and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002-12-02 with total page 952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IC-SEC 2002 serves as a forum for engineers and scientists who are involved in the use of high performance computers, advanced numerical strategies, computational methods and simulation in various scientific and engineering disciplines. The conference creates a platform for presenting and discussing the latest trends and findings about the state of the art in their particular field(s) of interest. IC-SEC also provides a forum for the interdisciplinary blending of computational efforts in various diversified areas of science, such as biology, chemistry, physics and materials science, as well as all branches of engineering. The proceedings cover a broad range of topics and an application area which involves modelling and simulation work using high performance computers.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crystallization Process Systems written by Alan G. Jones and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2002-04-24 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Particulate Crystal Characteristics; Fluid-particle Transport Processes; Crystallization Principles and Techniques; Crystal Formation Processes; Crystallizer Design and Operation; Solid-Liquid Separation Processes; Design of Crystallization Process Systems.
Download or read book The Dm Analysis of Precipitation Particle Size Distributions written by Steven F. Weber and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
