Download or read book Parameter Estimation of One dimensional Soil Moisture Dynamics Model written by Ajit Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A One dimensional Model to Simulate Water Infiltration and Redistribution in Soils written by Christopher Bruce Cook and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Full waveform inversion of surface ground penetrating radar data and coupled hydrogeophysical inversion for soil hydraulic property estimation written by Sebastian Busch and published by Forschungszentrum Jülich. This book was released on 2014-03-20 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coupled Dynamics in Soil written by Yijian Zeng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-14 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In arid and semi-arid areas, the main contributions to land surface processes are precipitation, surface evaporation and surface energy balancing. In the close-to-surface layer and root-zone layer, vapor flux is the dominant flux controlling these processes - process which, in turn, influence the local climate pattern and the local ecosystem. The work reported in this thesis attempts to understand how the soil airflow affects the vapor transport during evaporation processes, by using a two-phase heat and mass transfer model. The necessity of including the airflow mechanism in land surface process studies is discussed and highlighted.
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parameter Estimation of Coupled Water and Energy Balance Models Based on Stationarity Constraints of Soil Moisture and Temperature written by Jian Sun and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: A new method is developed for estimating the parameters of land surface water and energy balance models through enforcement of stationary constraints on soil moisture and temperature. Through conditional averaging of the water balance equation with respect to soil moisture and the energy balance equation with respect to surface temperature, a measure of stationarity is derived that approximates the errors present in predicted fluxes (e.g. evaporation, runoff, sensible heat, ground conduction) in terms of measured model inputs (e.g. precipitation, radiation, soil moisture and temperature). Minimization of the approximated error yields estimates of model parameters. The approach is distinct from traditional model calibration because the minimized error term does not depend on measurements of the predicted fluxes. This proposed method is applied to a land surface water and energy balance model similar to those used in global climate models. The approach is tested at two Ameriflux sites with continuous in-situ measurements of soil moisture, temperature, radiation, and surface turbulent fluxes (evapotranspiration and sensible heat). Fluxes estimated with the proposed method match field measurements approximately as well as those estimated by traditional calibration. Replacing the in-situ land surface temperature and soil moisture with estimates retrieved from satellite leads to minimal degradation of model performance. Sensitivity analysis at these sites demonstrates that increasing model complexity does not improve performance. With promising results from testing the approach at these field sites, the method is applied to estimate evapotranspiration over the Southern Great Plains region of North America. In this test, archived meteorological data and remotely sensed moisture and temperature are used to force the model. The spatial pattern of estimated mean annual evapotranspiration is in good agreement (RMSE of 8 Wm-2 , R 2 of 0.75) with published estimates derived from measured precipitation and streamflow. Estimated parameters are reasonably distributed and consistent with climate and vegetation patterns over the region. Because there are so few sites on earth where surface turbulent fluxes are measured, the proposed approach is more widely applicable than traditional calibration methods, and thus could be used, with satellite data, to estimate maps of land surface parameters required by global climate models.
Download or read book Development of a Soil Hydraulic Parameter Estimator written by Hitihamillage Ranmalee Sajeewanie Bandara and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil moisture is a key variable that controls the exchange of water and energy fluxes between the land surface and the atmosphere. However, the temporal evolution of soil moisture is neither easy to measure nor monitor at large scales because of its high spatial variability. This is mainly a result of the local variation in soil properties and vegetation cover. Thus, soil moisture prediction models are normally used to predict the evolution of soil moisture, but these models are based on sparse measurements of soil hydraulic parameter information or typical values. Therefore, more accurate and detailed soil hydraulic parameter data is vital if regional or global soil moisture predictions are to be made with the required accuracy. To overcome this limitation, it is hypothesised by this thesis that the soil hydraulic properties, e.g. hydraulic conductivity, porosity, field capacity, and wilting point, may be derived through model calibration to remotely sensed near-surface soil moisture observation.To test this hypothesis, the work presented in this thesis is conducted in three distinct steps. The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) was used for this purpose, as it was identified as a suitable soil moisture prediction model for the proposed work. The soil hydraulic parameters most sensitive to soil moisture prediction were determined and were thus the focus of this research.In the first step, the proposed methodology was tested via a one-dimensional synthetic twin-experiment. The intent was to identify the most suitable meteorologic conditions for soil property retrieval, and hence make the most efficient use of computational resources when applying the methodology at large scales. The methodology was also tested for four different soil types including a homogeneous column of sand, a homogeneous column of clay, a duplex column of clay over sand, and a duplex column of silty sand over clay. In the second step, field measurements of soil moisture from the OzNet Soil Hydrological Monitoring Network over the Murrumbidgee Catchment have been utilized. The purpose being to determine the feasibility and the level of accuracy that can be expected for soil hydraulic property estimation of duplex soil profiles in a semi-arid environment using near-surface soil moisture observations under naturally occurring conditions. The soil hydraulic parameters retrieved from near-surface soil moisture measurements were validated against field and laboratory measured data. The derived root zone soil moisture predictions using the retrieved parameters were also validated against field observations from the same network.The last step of this thesis was to apply the methodology to a larger area, the size of a Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite footprint. However, rather than using a single soil moisture value for the entire demonstration area, a downscaled soil moisture product, Disaggregation based on Physical And Theoretical scale Change (DisPATCh), was used in the retrieval of soil hydraulic parameters. Spatial maps for the parameters, including surface and root zone, were obtained for the focus area.
Download or read book Handbook of Soil Sciences Two Volume Set written by Pan Ming Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 2272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An evolving, living organic/inorganic covering, soil is in dynamic equilibrium with the atmosphere above, the biosphere within, and the geology below. It acts as an anchor for roots, a purveyor of water and nutrients, a residence for a vast community of microorganisms and animals, a sanitizer of the environment, and a source of raw materials for co
Download or read book Extreme Environmental Events written by Robert A. Meyers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-03 with total page 1273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme Environmental Events is an authoritative single source for understanding and applying the basic tenets of complexity and systems theory, as well as the tools and measures for analyzing complex systems, to the prediction, monitoring, and evaluation of major natural phenomena affecting life on earth. These phenomena are often highly destructive, and include earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, climate change,, and weather. Early warning, damage, and the immediate response of human populations to these phenomena are also covered from the point of view of complexity and nonlinear systems. In 61 authoritative, state-of-the art articles, world experts in each field apply such tools and concepts as fractals, cellular automata, solitons game theory, network theory, and statistical physics to an understanding of these complex geophysical phenomena.
Download or read book Mathematical Modeling of Groundwater Pollution written by Ne-Zheng Sun and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater is one of the most important resources in the world. In many areas, water supplies for industrial, domestic, and agricultural uses are de pendent on groundwater. As an "open" system, groundwater may exchange mass and energy with its neighboring systems (soil, air, and surface water) through adsorption, ion-exchange, infiltration, evaporation, inflow, outflow, and other exchange forms. Consequently, both the quantity and quality of groundwater may vary with environmental changes and human activities. Due to population growth, and industrial and agricultural development, more and more groundwater is extracted, especially in arid areas. If the groundwater management problem is not seriously considered, over extraction may lead to groundwater mining, salt water intrusion, and land subsidence. In fact, the quality of groundwater is gradually deteriorating throughout the world. The problem of groundwater pollution has appeared, not only in developed countries, but also in developing countries. Ground water pollution is a serious environmental problem that may damage human health, destroy the ecosystem, and cause water shortage.
Download or read book Energy and Matter Fluxes of a Spruce Forest Ecosystem written by Thomas Foken and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-27 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on fluxes of energy, carbon dioxide and matter in and above a Central European spruce forest. The transition from a forest affected by acid rain into a heterogeneous forest occurred as a result of wind throw, bark beetles and climate change. Scientific results obtained over the last 20 years at the FLUXNET site DE-Bay (Waldstein-Weidenbrunnen) are shown together with methods developed at the site, including the application of footprint models for data-quality analysis, the coupling between the trunk space and the atmosphere, the importance of the Damköhler number for trace gas studies, and the turbulent conditions at a forest edge. In addition to the many experimental studies, the book also applies model studies such as higher-order closure models, Large-Eddy Simulations, and runoff models for the catchment and compares them with the experimental data. Moreover, by highlighting processes in the atmosphere it offers insights into the functioning of the ecosystem as a whole. It is of interest to ecologists, micrometeorologists and ecosystem modelers.
Download or read book Infiltration Theory for Hydrologic Applications written by and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications of the Geological Survey written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics Volume Two written by Harindra Joseph Fernando and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-12 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With major implications for applied physics, engineering, and the natural and social sciences, the rapidly growing area of environmental fluid dynamics focuses on the interactions of human activities, environment, and fluid motion. A landmark for the field, the two-volume Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics presents the basic principles, funda
Download or read book Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics Two Volume Set written by Harindra Joseph Fernando and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-11 with total page 1197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With major implications for applied physics, engineering, and the natural and social sciences, the rapidly growing area of environmental fluid dynamics focuses on the interactions of human activities, environment, and fluid motion. A landmark for the field, this two-volume handbook presents the basic principles, fundamental flow processes, modeling techniques, and measurement methods used in the field, along with critical discussions of environmental sustainability related to engineering aspects. The first volume provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals, and the second volume explores the interactions between engineered structures and natural flows.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Computer Science for Engineering and Education IV written by Zhengbing Hu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-21 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises high-quality refereed research papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Computer Science, Engineering and Education Applications (ICCSEEA2021), held in Kyiv, Ukraine, on January 23–24, 2021, organized jointly by the National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, National Aviation University, and the International Research Association of Modern Education and Computer Science. The topics discussed in the book include state-of-the-art papers in computer science, artificial intelligence, engineering techniques, genetic coding systems, deep learning with its medical applications, and knowledge representation with its applications in education. It is an excellent source of references for researchers, graduate students, engineers, management practitioners, and undergraduate students interested in computer science and their applications in engineering and education.
