Download or read book Panegyric in honour of Constantius written by Julian and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2021-04-10 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work was written by the Roman emperor 'Julian the Apostate' to reassure Constantius that he was on his side. Julian described the ideal ruler as basically "first among equals," operating under the same laws as his subjects.

Download or read book The Works of the Emperor Julian written by Julien and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Panegyric in Honour of Eusebia written by Julian and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-09-03 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Julian (332 - 26 June 363), also known as Julian the Apostate, was Roman Emperor from 361 to 363, as well as a notable philosopher and author in Greek. A member of the Constantinian dynasty, Julian became Caesar over the western provinces by order of Constantius II in 355 and in this role campaigned successfully against the Alamanni and Franks. Most notable was his crushing victory over the Alamanni in 357 at the Battle of Argentoratum despite being outnumbered. In 360 in Lutetia (Paris) he was proclaimed Augustus by his soldiers, sparking a civil war between Julian and Constantius. Before the two could face each other in battle, however, Constantius died, after naming Julian as his rightful successor. In 363, Julian embarked on an ambitious campaign against the Sassanid Empire. Though initially successful, Julian was mortally wounded in battle and died shortly thereafter. Julian was a man of unusually complex character: he was "the military commander, the theosophist, the social reformer, and the man of letters." He was the last non-Christian ruler of the Roman Empire, and it was his desire to bring the Empire back to its ancient Roman values in order to, as he saw it, save it from dissolution. He purged the top-heavy state bureaucracy and attempted to revive traditional Roman religious practices at the cost of Christianity. His anti-Christian sentiment and promotion of Neoplatonic paganism caused him to be remembered as Julian the Apostate ( Apostates, "a person who has abandoned their religion, principles") by the church. He was the last emperor of the Constantinian dynasty, the empire's first Christian dynasty. Julian's personal religion was both pagan and philosophical; he viewed the traditional myths as allegories, in which the ancient gods were aspects of a philosophical divinity. The chief surviving sources are his works To King Helios and To the Mother of the Gods, which were written as panegyrics, not theological treatises. While there are clear resemblances to other forms of Late Antique religion, it is controversial as to which variety it is most similar. He learned theurgy from Maximus of Ephesus, a student of Iamblichus; his system bears some resemblance to the Neoplatonism of Plotinus; Polymnia Athanassiadi has brought new attention to his relations with Mithraism, although whether he was initiated into it remains debatable; and certain aspects of his thought (such as his reorganization of paganism under High Priests, and his fundamental monotheism) may show Christian influence. Some of these potential sources have not come down to us, and all of them influenced each other, which adds to the difficulties. According to one theory (that of G.W. Bowersock in particular), Julian's paganism was highly eccentric and atypical because it was heavily influenced by an esoteric approach to Platonic philosophy sometimes identified as theurgy and also Neoplatonism. Others (Rowland Smith, in particular) have argued that Julian's philosophical perspective was nothing unusual for a "cultured" pagan of his time, and, at any rate, that Julian's paganism was not limited to philosophy alone, and that he was deeply devoted to the same gods and goddesses as other pagans of his day.

Download or read book Works written by Julian (Emperor of Rome) and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Literary Commentary on Panegyrici Latini VI 7 written by Catherine Ware and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A literary commentary on the oration describing Constantine's break with Tetrarchic ideology and the creation of his new imperial persona.

Download or read book The Works of the Emperor Julian written by Julian and published by General Books. This book was released on 2009-08 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: PANEGYRIC IN HONOUR OF THE EMPEROR CONSTANTIUS I Have long desired, most mighty Emperor, to sing the praises of your valour and achievements, to recount your campaigns, and to tell how you suppressed the tyrannies; how your persuasive eloquence drew away one usurper's1 bodyguard; how you overcame another2 by force of arms. But the vast scale of your exploits deterred me, because what I had to dread was not that my words would fall somewhat short of your achievements, but that I should prove wholly unequal to my theme. That men versed in political debate, or poets, should find it easy to compose a panegyric on your career is not at all surprising. Their practice in speaking, their habit of declaiming in public supplies them abundantly with a well-warranted confidence. But those who have neglected this field and chosen another branch of literary study which devotes itself to a form of composition little adapted to win popular favour and that has not the hardihood to exhibit itself in its nakedness in every theatre, no matter what, would naturally hesitate to make speeches of the epideictic sort. As for the poets, their Muse, and the general belief that it is she who inspires their verse, obviously gives them unlimited 1 Vetranio, 2 Magnentius, i rrjv eovcriav Tov TrXacr/iaro?1 rot? prfropcri Be r/ Te%w) rrjV lrrv Trapeaev aBeiav, To [lev 7rXaTTe dj)o/u,evr), To Be KOa,Keveii' ovBa/J.af dirayopevcraaa, ovBe alcrvvrjv 0/10X07011- /j,evf]v To) eyovTL To T/reuSw? 1 eiraivelv roi/9 ov/c aiot/5 eiraivov Kpivava. aX' 01 p,ev eireiSav icaivov Ttva fjivdov Koi /ArjoeTTW rot? Ttpoadev eTTivorjBevTa avrol vvQevres, To %evu Tow aicovovTa; C TTiov davfdovraf ol Se Tt)? tnroavffai (facnv ev To Bvvaaffai fu/cpuv /4ei%6vci); oie6eiv, ical To /j,eye Twv epycav T 6j(a, ical 0X0)9 .....

Download or read book Against the Galileans written by Julian and published by DigiCat. This book was released on 2022-08-10 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Against the Galileans (Latin: Contra Galilaeos), meaning Christians, was a Greek polemical essay written by the Roman emperor Julian, commonly known as Julian the Apostate, during his short reign (361–363). In this essay, Julian describes what he considered to be the mistakes and dangers of the Christian faith and attempts to throw an unflattering light on ongoing disputes inside the Christian Church.

Download or read book The Emperor Julian written by Samuel N. C. Lieu and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection makes available in English for the first time the panegyric of Claudius Mamertinus (Panegyrici Latini XI/3), a substantial part of the treatise of John Chrysostom on St Babylas and against Julian (de S. Babyla c. Julianum et gentiles XIV-XIX), and Emphrem Syrus' Hymns Against Julian.

Download or read book Emperors and Usurpers in the Later Roman Empire written by Adrastos Omissi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-18 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the great maxims of history is that it is written by the victors, and nowhere does this find greater support than in the later Roman Empire. Between 284 and 395 AD, no fewer than 37 men claimed imperial power, though today we recognize barely half of these men as 'legitimate' rulers and more than two thirds died at their subjects' hands. Once established in power, a new ruler needed to publicly legitimate himself and to discredit his predecessor: overt criticism of the new regime became high treason, with historians supressing their accounts for fear of reprisals and the very names of defeated emperors chiselled from public inscriptions and deleted from official records. In a period of such chaos, how can we ever hope to record in any fair or objective way the history of the Roman state? Emperors and Usurpers in the Later Roman Empire is the first history of civil war in the later Roman Empire to be written in English and aims to address this question by focusing on the various ways in which successive imperial dynasties attempted to legitimate themselves and to counter the threat of almost perpetual internal challenge to their rule. Panegyric in particular emerges as a crucial tool for understanding the rapidly changing political world of the third and fourth centuries, providing direct evidence of how, in the wake of civil wars, emperors attempted to publish their legitimacy and to delegitimize their enemies. The ceremony and oratory surrounding imperial courts too was of great significance: used aggressively to dramatize and constantly recall the events of recent civil wars, the narratives produced by the court in this context also went on to have enormous influence on the messages and narratives found within contemporary historical texts. In its exploration of the ways in which successive imperial courts sought to communicate with their subjects, this volume offers a thoroughly original reworking of late Roman domestic politics, and demonstrates not only how history could be erased, rewritten, and repurposed, but also how civil war, and indeed usurpation, became endemic to the later Empire.

Download or read book Imagining Emperors in the Later Roman Empire written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-07-10 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Imagining Emperors in the Later Roman Empire offers new critical analysis of the textual depictions of a series of emperors in the fourth century within overlapping historical, religious and literary contexts.

Download or read book The Roman Imperial Court in the Principate and Late Antiquity written by Caillan Davenport and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-01-23 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Roman Imperial Court in the Principate and Late Antiquity examines the Roman imperial court as a social and political institution in both the Principate and Late Antiquity. By analysing these two periods, which are usually treated separately in studies of the Roman court, it considers continuities, changes, and connections in the six hundred years between the reigns of Augustus and Justinian. Thirteen case studies are presented. Some take a thematic approach, analysing specific aspects such as the appointment of jurists, the role of guard units, or stories told about the court, over several centuries. Others concentrate on specific periods, individuals, or office holders, like the role of women and generals in the fifth century AD, while paying attention to their wider historical significance. The volume concludes with a chapter placing the evolution of the Roman imperial court in comparative perspective using insights from scholarship on other Eurasian monarchical courts. It shows that the long-term transformation of the Roman imperial court did not follow a straightforward and linear course, but came about as the result of negotiation, experimentation, and adaptation.

Download or read book Emperor and Author written by Nicholas J. Baker-Brian and published by Classical Press of Wales. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers the first comprehensive analysis in English of all the writings of Julian (r. AD 361-363), the last pagan emperor of Rome, noted for his frontal and self-conscious challenge to Christianity. The book also contains treatments of Julian's laws, inscriptions, coinage, as well as his artistic programme. Across nineteen papers, international specialists in the field of Late Antique Studies offer original interpretations of an extraordinary figure: emperor and philosopher, soldier and accomplished writer. Julian, his life and writings, are here considered as parts of the tumult in politics, culture and religion during the Fourth Century AD. New light is shed on Julian's distinctive literary style and imperial agenda. The volume also includes an up-to-date, consolidated bibliography.

Download or read book Julian s Gods written by Rowland B. E. Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Julian's brief reign (360-363 AD) had a profound impact on his contemporaries, as he worked fervently for a pagan restoration in the Roman Empire, which was rapidly becoming Christian. Julian's Gods focuses on the cultural mentality of `the last pagan Emperor' by examining a wide variety of his own writings. The surviving speeches and treatises, satires and letters offer a rare insight into the personal attitudes and motivations of a remarkable Emperor. They show Julian as a highly educated man, an avid student of Greek philosophy, and a talented author in his own right. This elegant and closely-argued study will deepen understanding not only of Julian, but of the context of fourth century Neoplatonism.

Download or read book The Sons of Constantine AD 337 361 written by Nicholas Baker-Brian and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-30 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection focuses on the Roman empire during the period from AD 337 to 361. During this period the empire was ruled by three brothers: Constantine II (337-340), Constans I (337-350) and Constantius II (337-361). These emperors tend to be cast into shadow by their famous father Constantine, the first Christian Roman emperor (306-337), and their famous cousin Julian, the last pagan Roman emperor (361-363). The traditional concentration on the historically renowned figures of Constantine and Julian is understandable but comes at a significant price: the neglect of the period between the death of Constantine and the reign of Julian and of the rulers who governed the empire in this period. The reigns of the sons of Constantine, especially that of the longest-lived Constantius II, mark a moment of great historical significance. As the heirs of Constantine they became the guardians of his legacy, and they oversaw the nature of the world in which Julian was to grow up. The thirteen contributors to this volume assess their influence on imperial, administrative, cultural, and religious facets of the empire in the fourth century.

Download or read book The Ancient World in Alternative History and Counterfactual Fictions written by Alberto J. Quiroga Puertas and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2024-08-22 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing in turn on history, powerful individuals, under-represented voices and the arts, the essays in this collection cover a wide variety of modern and contemporary narrative fiction from Jo Walton and L. Sprague De Camp to T. S. Chaudhry and Catherynne M. Valente. Chapters look into the question of chance versus determinism in the unfolding of historical events, the role individuals play in shaping a society or occasion, and the way art and literature symbolise important messages in counterfactual histories. They also show how uchronic narratives can take advantage of modern literary techniques to reveal new and relevant aspects of the past, giving voices to marginalised minorities and suppressed individuals of the ancient world. Counterfactual fiction and uchronic narratives have been largely up until now the domain of literary critics. However, these modes of literature are here analysed by scholars of Ancient History, Egyptology and Classics, shedding important new light on how cultures of the ancient world have been (and still are) perceived, and to what extent our conceptions of the past are used to explore alternate presents and futures. Alternate history entices the imagination of the public by suggesting hypothetical scenarios that never occurred, underlining a latent tension between reality and imagination, and between determinism and contingency. This interest has resulted in a growing number of publications that gauge the impact of what-if narratives, and this one is the first to give scholars of the ancient world centre-stage.

Download or read book Plato in the Third Sophistic written by Ryan C. Fowler and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-10-09 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plato in the Third Sophistic examines the influence and impact of Plato and Platonism in the era of Byzantine and Christian rhetoric. The volume brings together specially commissioned articles from leading scholars of late antique philosophy and literature. Their examinations show that Plato is the single most important and influential literary figure used to frame the literature of this time. Plato in the Third Sophistic will help scholars and students from a wide range of disciplines to better understand the development of Christian literature in this era as an essential link in the history of Platonism as well as that of Christianity.

Download or read book Diocletian and the Military Restoration of Rome written by Lee Fratantuono and published by Pen and Sword Military. This book was released on 2023-06-30 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third century AD was one of unprecedented crisis and chaos for the Roman Empire. Nightmares both internal and external threatened to spell the end of Rome’s thousand-year history. Diocletian was born either a slave or a freedman, and he grew up to become the saviour of Rome in her hour of crisis, a powerful military and political leader who transformed the Roman Empire from a hotbed of unceasing strife and turmoil into a renewed, restored, revivified and stable polity. His more than twenty years of power were marked by the ill-fated Great Persecution of the Christians, an undertaking that would prove to be one of the less successful initiatives of his reign, even as in its own way it helped to pave the way for the coming of an equally famous, successful emperor in the person of Constantine the Great. The present study seeks to provide an introduction to the life and times of Diocletian for the general reader, offering a balanced portrait of an immensely talented man in a time of trial and tumult, an accomplished emperor who knew when it was time to retire to his gardens.