Download or read book Paleoindian proboscidean Interactions in the Terminal Pleistocene written by Madeline E. Mackie and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite nearly 100 years of research, there is still heated debate about the importance of proboscideans (mammoths and their kin) for early New World foraging populations. While archaeologist have proposed more than 75 proboscidean kill/butchery sites, only 14 are widely accepted. Clarification on the number of proboscidean processing sites can contribute to a variety of debates in Paleoindian archaeology including the subsistence focus of Clovis groups, the overkill hypothesis, and the social and economic implications of hunting megafauna. Using three analyses, this dissertation examines the North American record of proposed proboscidean kill/butchery sites to examine the criteria used to evaluate these sites and understand how archaeological methods affect interpretations. The first analysis revisits a debated mammoth kill, the La Prele Mammoth site (48CO1401), located in Converse County, Wyoming. Recent excavations at the site show a cultural occupation associated with the mammoth based on the geologic context, expanded artifact assemblage, and direct evidence of association, resolving previous doubts. Given that the spatial association of artifacts with proboscidean remains can be incidental, the second paper establishes the chances accidental associations between artifacts and faunal remains. A computer simulation uses empirically informed densities and sizes of archaeological and natural proboscidean death sites to establish the probability of an accidental artifact association. The simulation shows that the rates of artifact and proboscidean spatial associations observed in the archaeological record are unlikely to have occurred by chance alone. The final analysis uses the records of widely accepted and proposed proboscidean kill/butchery sites to determine how archaeological methods can influence the visibility of the lithic assemblage associated with megafauna butchery. Many of the proposed, but questioned, proboscidean kill/butchery sites were excavated using methods that resulted in incomplete lithic assemblages, making their evaluation difficult. Some of these proposed sites may be kill/butchery sites but will remain ambiguous until more research or excavations are completed. Each of these analyses shows how current methods for evaluating proboscidean kill/butchery sites may overlook real cases of proboscidean processing, which has implications for our understanding of life during the Clovis period.

Download or read book Proboscidean and Paleoindian Interactions written by John W. Fox and published by Baylor University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With intriguing glimpses of Paleoindian and Proboscidean interactions throughout the New World, this work turns to the studies that provide the methods and findings for a more expanded view of generalized and species-specific proboscidean behaviors and of attendant human lifeways.

Download or read book The Eternal Frontier written by Tim Flannery and published by Open Road + Grove/Atlantic. This book was released on 2015-01-07 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive history of the continent, “full of engaging and attention-catching information about North America’s geology, climate, and paleontology” (The Washington Post Book World). Here, “the rock star of modern science” tells the unforgettable story of the geological and biological evolution of the North American continent, from the time of the asteroid strike that wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago to the present day (Jared Diamond, Pulitzer Prize–winning author of Guns, Germs, and Steel). Flannery describes the development of North America’s deciduous forests and other flora, and tracks the migrations of various animals to and from Europe, Asia, and South America, showing how plant and animal species have either adapted or become extinct. The story spans the massive changes wrought by the ice ages and the coming of the Native Americans. It continues right up to the present, covering the deforestation of the Northeast, the decimation of the buffalo, and other consequences of frontier settlement and the industrial development of the United States. This is science writing at its very best—both an engrossing narrative and a scholarly trove of information that “will forever change your perspective on the North American continent” (The New York Review of Books).

Download or read book Foragers of the Terminal Pleistocene in North America written by Renee B. Walker and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These essays cast new light on Paleoindians, the first settlers of North America. Recent research strongly suggests that big-game hunting was but one of the subsistence strategies the first humans in the New World employed and that they also relied on foraging and fishing. Written in an accessible, engaging style, these essays examine how migratory waterfowl routes may represent one impetus for human migration into the Americas, analyze settlement and subsistence in the major regions of the United States, and reinvestigate mammoth and bison bone beds in the western Plains and the Rocky Mountains to illuminate the unique nature of Paleoindian hunting in that region. The first study of Paleoindian subsistence on a continental scale, this collection posits regional models of subsistence and mobility that take into account the constraints and opportunities for resource exploitation within each region: Research on the Gault site in Texas reveals new subsistence strategies there, while data from the Shawnee-Minisink site in Pennsylvania connects seed collecting with fishing in that region, and plant remains from Dust Cave in Alabama provide important information about subsistence. With research ranging from fauna and lithic data from Paleoindian campsites in Florida that illuminate subsistence technologies and late megamammals to an analysis of plant remains from the eastern United States that results in a revised scheme of environmental changes, this volume serves as an important sourcebook and guide to the latest research on the first humans in North America. Renee B. Walker is an assistant professor of anthropology at the State University of New York College at Oneonta. Boyce N. Driskell is the director of the Archaeological Research Laboratory at the University of Tennessee. Contributors: Michael B. Collins, Richard J. Dent, James S. Dunbar, Stuart J. Fiedel, Kandace D. Hollenbach, Marcel Kornfeld, Steven Kuehn, Lucinda McWeeney, Asa Randall, Pamela K. Vojnovski, and David Yesner.

Download or read book The Biogeochemistry and Paleoecology of Late Pleistocene Proboscideans from the Southern United States written by Kathryn Ann Hoppe and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Journey to the Ice Age written by Peter L. Storck and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the end of the Ice Age, small groups of hunter-gatherers crossed from Siberia to Alaska and began the last chapter in the human settlement of the earth. Many left little or no trace. But one group, the Early Paleo-Indians, exploded onto the archaeological record about 11,500 radiocarbon years ago and expanded rapidly throughout North America, sending splinter groups into Central and perhaps South America as well. Journey to the Ice Age explores the challenges faced by the Early Paleo-Indians of northeastern North America. A revealing, autobiographical account, this is at once a captivating record of Storck's discoveries and an introduction to the practice, challenges, and spirit of archaeology.

Download or read book Isotopes in Palaeoenvironmental Research written by Melanie J. Leng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-09 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thorough reference shows how stable isotopes can be applied to understanding the palaeoenvironment, with chapters on the interpretation of isotopes in water, tree rings, bones and teeth, lake sediments, speleothems and marine sediments. The book offers detailed advice on calibration, including a multi-proxy approach, using isotope signals from different materials or combined with other palaeoenvironmental techniques, to enhance the reliability of readings.

Download or read book The Spatial Organization of Paleoindian Populations in the Late Pleistocene of the Northeast written by Mary Lou Curran and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Early Settlement of North America written by Gary Haynes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-11-14 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Early Settlement of North America is an examination of the first recognisable culture in the New World: the Clovis complex. Gary Haynes begins his analysis with a discussion of the archaeology of Clovis fluted points in North America and a review of the history of the research on the topic. He presents and evaluates all the evidence that is now available on the artefacts, the human populations of the time, and the environment, and he examines the adaptation of the early human settlers in North America to the simultaneous disappearance of the mammoths and mastodonts. Haynes offers a compelling re-appraisal of our current state of knowledge about the peopling of this continent and provides a significant new contribution to the debate with his own integrated theory of Clovis, which incorporates vital new biological, ecological, behavioural and archaeological data.

Download or read book Clovis Caches written by Bruce B. Huckell and published by UNM Press. This book was released on 2014-05-01 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A unique, significant contribution to our maturing studies of the Clovis era.”—Gary Haynes, author of The Early Settlement of North America: The Clovis Era The Paleoindian Clovis culture is known for distinctive stone and bone tools often associated with mammoth and bison remains, dating back some 13,500 years. While the term Clovis is known to every archaeology student, few books have detailed the specifics of Clovis archaeology. This collection of essays investigates caches of Clovis tools, many of which have only recently come to light. These caches are time capsules that allow archaeologists to examine Clovis tools at earlier stages of manufacture than the broken and discarded artifacts typically recovered from other sites. The studies comprising this volume treat methodological and theoretical issues including the recognition of Clovis caches, Clovis lithic technology, mobility, and land use.

Download or read book Paleoindian Societies of the Coastal Southeast written by James S. Dunbar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Dunbar's ... paleofaunal-environmental data traces all the known paleo sites in Florida, analyzes the materials recovered, and outlines the conditions under which the remains may have been deposited. In doing so he provides a new look into the distant past and a new way of thinking about life on the land mass we call Florida"--Provided by publisher.

Download or read book The Prehistory of Texas written by Timothy K. Perttula and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-24 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paleoindians first arrived in Texas more than eleven thousand years ago, although relatively few sites of such early peoples have been discovered. Texas has a substantial post-Paleoindian record, however, and there are more than fifty thousand prehistoric archaeological sites identified across the state. This comprehensive volume explores in detail the varied experience of native peoples who lived on this land in prehistoric times. Chapters on each of the regions offer cutting-edge research, the culmination of years of work by dozens of the most knowledgeable experts. Based on the archaeological record, the discussion of the earliest inhabitants includes a reclassification of all known Paleoindian projectile point types and establishes a chronology for the various occupations. The archaeological data from across the state of Texas also allow authors to trace technological changes over time, the development of intensive fishing and shellfish collecting, funerary customs and the belief systems they represented, long-term changes in settlement mobility and character, landscape use, and the eventual development of agricultural societies. The studies bring the prehistory of Texas Indians all the way up through the Late Prehistoric period (ca. a.d. 700–1600). The extensively illustrated chapters are broadly cultural-historical in nature but stay strongly focused on important current research problems. Taken together, they present careful and exhaustive considerations of the full archaeological (and paleoenvironmental) record of Texas.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of the Anthropocene written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-11-27 with total page 2290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of the Anthropocene, Five Volume Set presents a currency-based, global synthesis cataloguing the impact of humanity’s global ecological footprint. Covering a multitude of aspects related to Climate Change, Biodiversity, Contaminants, Geological, Energy and Ethics, leading scientists provide foundational essays that enable researchers to define and scrutinize information, ideas, relationships, meanings and ideas within the Anthropocene concept. Questions widely debated among scientists, humanists, conservationists, politicians and others are included, providing discussion on when the Anthropocene began, what to call it, whether it should be considered an official geological epoch, whether it can be contained in time, and how it will affect future generations. Although the idea that humanity has driven the planet into a new geological epoch has been around since the dawn of the 20th century, the term ‘Anthropocene’ was only first used by ecologist Eugene Stoermer in the 1980s, and hence popularized in its current meaning by atmospheric chemist Paul Crutzen in 2000. Presents comprehensive and systematic coverage of topics related to the Anthropocene, with a focus on the Geosciences and Environmental science Includes point-counterpoint articles debating key aspects of the Anthropocene, giving users an even-handed navigation of this complex area Provides historic, seminal papers and essays from leading scientists and philosophers who demonstrate changes in the Anthropocene concept over time

Download or read book Clovis Blade Technology written by Michael B. Collins and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2002-04-01 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Around 11,000 years ago, a Palcoindian culture known to us as "Clovis" occupied much of North America. This book offers the first comprehensive study of a little-known aspect of Clovis culture - stone blade technology. Michael Collins introduces the topic with a close look at the nature of blades and the techniques of their manufacture, followed by a discussion of the full spectrum of Clovis lithic technology and how blade production relates to the production of other stone tools. The second part of the book provides a full report of the discovery and examination of fourteen blades found in 1988 in the Keven Davis Cache in Navarro County; Texas. This book will be important reading for both specialists and amateurs who are piecing together the puzzle of the peopling of the Americas.

Download or read book Frozen in Time written by Michael Oard and published by New Leaf Publishing Group. This book was released on 2004 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth's past is littered with the mysterious and unexplained: the pyramids, Easter Island, Stonehenge, dinosaurs, and the list goes on and on as science looks for clues to decipher these puzzles.One such mystery surrounds the now-extinct creature called the woolly mammoth. Author and meteorologist Michael Oard has studied the mammoth and its equally mysterious time period, the Ice Age, for many years and has come to some fascinating conclusions to help lift the fog engulfing the facts. Some of the questions he addresses include:What would cause the summer temperatures of the northern United States and European to plummet more than 50 degrees Fahrenheit?Why did mammoths become extinct across the entire earth at the same time as many other large mammals?Why are the mammoth carcasses found generally in standing positions?How could large lakes exist in what are today very dry, desert-like places?What was the source of the abnormal of moisture necessary for heavy snow?What caused the cold summer temperatures and heavy snowfall to persist for hundreds of years?In logical progression many other Ice Age topics are explained including super Ice Age floods, ice cores, man in the Ice Age, and the number of ice ages. This is one of the most difficult eras in geological history for a uniformitarian scientist (one who believes the earth evolved by slow processes over millions of years) to explain, simply because long ages of evolution cannot explain it. Provided here are plausible explanations of the seemingly unsolvable mysterious about the Ice Age and the woolly mammoths - Frozen in Time.

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Conference on Mammoth Site Studies written by Dixie Lee West and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2001 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Paleoindian and Early Archaic Southeast written by David G. Anderson and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 1996-09-30 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The southeastern United States has one of the richest records of early human settlement of any area of North America. This book provides the first state-by-state summary of Paleoindian and Early Archaic research from the region, together with an appraisal of models developed to interpret the data. It summarizes what we know of the peoples who lived in the Southeast more than 8,000 years ago—when giant ice sheets covered the northern part of the continent, and such mammals as elephants, saber-toothed tigers, and ground sloths roamed the landscape. Extensively illustrated, this benchmark collection of essays on the state of Paleoindian and Early Archaic research in the Southeast will guide future studies on the subject of the region's first inhabitants for years to come. Divided in three parts, the volume includes: Part I: Modeling Paleoindian and Early Archaic Lifeways in the Southeast Environmental and Chronological Considerations, David G. Anderson, Lisa D. O'Steen, and Kenneth E. Sassaman Modeling Paleoindian and Early Archaic Settlement in the Southeast: A Historical Perspective, David G. Anderson and Kenneth E. Sassaman Models of Paleoindian and Early Archaic Settlement in the Lower Southeast, David G. Anderson Early Archaic Settlement in the South Carolina Coastal Plain, Kenneth E. Sassaman Raw Material Availability and Early Archaic Settlement in the Southeast, I. Randolph Daniel Jr. Paleoindian and Early Archaic Settlement along the Oconee Drainage, Lisa D. O'Steen Haw River Revisited: Implications for Modeling Terminal Late Glacial and Early Holocene Hunter-Gatherer Settlement Systems in the Southeast, John S. Cable Early Archiac Settlement and Technology: Lessons from Tellico, Larry R. Kimball Paleoindians Near the Edge: A Virginia Perspective, Michael F. Johnson Part II: The Regional Record The Need for a Regional Perspective, Kenneth E. Sassaman and David G. Anderson Paleoindian and Early Archaic Research in the South Carolina Area, David G. Anderson and Kenneth E. Sassaman The Taylor Site: An Early Occupation in Central South Carolina, James L. Michie Paleoindian and Early Archaic Research in Tennessee, John B. Boster and Mark R. Norton A Synopsis of Paleoindian and Early Archaic Research in Alabama, Eugene M. Futato Statified Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Deposits at Dust Cave, Northwestern Alabama, Boyce N. Driskell Bone and Ivory Tools from Submerged Paleoindian Sites in Florida, James S. Dunbar and S. David Webb Paleoindian and Early Archaic Data from Mississippi, Samuel O. McGahey Early and Middle Paleoindian Sites in the Northeastern Arkansas Region, J. Christopher Gillam Part III: Commentary A Framework for the Paleoindian/Early Archaic Transition, Joel Gunn Modeling Communities and Other Thankless Tasks, Dena F. Dincauze An Arkansas View, Dan F. Morse Comments, Henry T. Wright