Download or read book Paleoenvironmental Conditions During the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event and the Late Toarcian written by Alicia Fantasia and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thèse. Géoscience. Environnement. 2018

Download or read book The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event in the South Iberian Palaeomargin written by Matías Reolid and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-05 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the first overview of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event in the southern Iberian paleomargin, in the western Tethys. The study of catastrophic events that affected the ecosystems in the past is of great interest, because it offers the possibility of establishing models that can be applied to current and future environmental changes. The book provides comprehensive information on the changes in marine ecosystems in connection with a global massive extinction, the Early Toarcian, and with the deposition of black shales, global warming and a disruption of the carbon cycle. In addition, the book describes the incidence of this event in this part of the Tethys close to the connection with the Protoatlantic, the Hispanic Corridor. Special attention is paid to sedimentological and ichnological aspects, fossil content (macroscopic and microscopic), and geochemistry. It also presents the facies changes related to fragmentation of the shelf and the evolution to hemipel agic troughs and swells in this paleomargin. Lastly, it characterizes this anoxic event in under-researched outcrops from southern Spain and compares the findings with those in well-known sections from northern and central Europe. This book offers a unique resource for all researchers interested in the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, but also in oceanic anoxic events that occurred during the Mesozoic in general, because of their similarity to recent climatic changes.

Download or read book The Llanbedr Mochras Farm Borehole written by A. W. Woodland and published by . This book was released on 1971-01-01 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book CARBON CYCLE AND ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE TO THE JENKYNS EVENT IN THE EARLY TOARCIAN written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cyclic and Event Stratification written by G. Einsele and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chemostratigraphy Across Major Chronological Boundaries written by Alcides N. Sial and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-12-18 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the 2020 PROSE Award for Earth Science! Exploring environmental changes through Earth’s geological history using chemostratigraphy Chemostratigraphy is the study of the chemical characteristics of different rock layers. Decoding this geochemical record across chronostratigraphic boundaries can provide insights into geological history, past climates, and sedimentary processes. Chemostratigraphy Across Major Chronological Boundaries presents state-of-the-art applications of chemostratigraphic methods and demonstrates how chemical signatures can decipher past environmental conditions. Volume highlights include: Presents a global perspective on chronostratigraphic boundaries Describes how different proxies can reveal distinct elemental and isotopic events in the geologic past Examines the Archaean-Paleoproterozoic, Proterozoic-Paleozoic, Paleozoic-Mesozoic, and Mesozoic-Paleogene boundaries Explores cause-and-effect through major, trace, PGE, and REE elemental, stable, and radiogenic isotopes Offers solutions to persistent chemostratigraphic problems on a micro-global scale Geared toward academic and researchgeoscientists, particularly in the fields of sedimentary petrology, stratigraphy, isotope geology, geochemistry, petroleum geology, atmospheric science, oceanography, climate change and environmental science, Chemostratigraphy Across Major Chronological Boundaries offers invaluable insights into environmental evolution and climatic change. Read the Editors' Vox: https://eos.org/editors-vox/unravelling-the-past-using-elements-and-isotopes

Download or read book Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sequence Stratigraphy of European Basins written by Pierre Charles de Graciansky and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project was designed to build a documented chronostratigraphic and outcrop record of depositional sequences calibrated across European basins. Data on standard stages, magnetostratigraphy, and geochronology integrated with high resolution biostratigraphy calibrate the stratigraphic position of depositional sequence boundaries. Higher order eustatic sequences show a significant increase in the number identified. A good portion of the European Mesozoic and Cenozoic succession is set in the sequence stratigraphic context with a stratigraphic record of its bonding surfaces.

Download or read book Paleoceanography and Paleoenvironmental Changes of the Cenomanian Turonian Boundary Interval 94 93 Ma written by Khalifa Elderbak and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cenomanian/Turonian (C/T) boundary marine strata of the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Sea (WIS) exhibit a positive carbon isotopic excursion in the bulk-carbonate and organic carbon. This marks Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE 2), which spans the uppermost part of the Hartland Shale and one-third of the overlying Bridge Creek Limestone members of the Greenhorn Formation and their equivalents. The interval is characterized by alternating beds of light-colored limestone and dark-colored marlstone and calcareous shale. These lithologic couplets have been related to Milankovitch orbital cyclicity. Foraminiferal assemblages from three selected sites, including the C/T boundary Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) at Rock Canyon anticline near Pueblo in central Colorado, the Cuba section in north-central Kansas, and a section near Sioux City in northwest Iowa indicate major perturbations in paleoceanography conditions associated with eustatic sea level rise and global warming. Despite the global nature of the OAE 2, the strata in the WIS indicate a local geological and oceanographic imprint. The north-south configuration of the WIS and the influence of southern Tethyan and northern Boreal water masses on the sedimentological, geochemical, and paleontological character of the seaway created a unique geological record. Foraminiferal assemblages of the Bridge Creek Limestone in the basin center record subtle cyclical alternations between limestones and adjacent marlstones or calcareous shales. The similarity of the structure of foraminiferal assemblages and their response to climatic perturbations associated with OAE 2 in the central and eastern parts of the seaway suggest that both sides were under the influence of the same, warm, southern watermass. The organic-rich strata associated with OAE 2 in the WIS have been attributed to either enhanced surface water productivity or oxygen depletion of bottom waters as a result of fresh water runoff and water column stratification. In addition, different oceanographic scenarios have been proposed to explain the stratal and faunal variations of the Bridge Creek Limestone. However, each of these scenarios has its complexity. This study proposes an oceanographic model that invokes a cyclonic gyre operating in two different modes (strong and weak) to explain the lateral and temporal lithofacies and biofacies variations. The weakening and strengthening of the gyre circulation and changes in nutrient availability in the surface water resulted in deposition of organic-rich marlstone and limestone beds, respectively. Sea level rise during late Cenomanian and early Turonian time, and the increasing size of the WIS reduced the effect of water column mixing in the basin center increasing the preservation potential of organic matter. The correlation of the sequence of events associated with the OAE 2 in the WIS to equivalent strata in Eastbourne, UK and Ocean Drilling Program Site 1260 in the Demerara Rise Basin of the tropical Atlantic reveals the global nature of these events and importance of the WIS as an important north-south paleoceanographic corridor. During the C/T boundary interval, the WIS may have transported heat to Boreal basins as a component of Northern Hemisphere surface ocean circulation, and it may have exported intermediate waters to the proto-Gulf of Mexico and western Tethys.

Download or read book Volcanism Impacts and Mass Extinctions Causes and Effects written by Gerta Keller and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2014-09-16 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Comprises articles stemming from the March 2013 international conference at London's Natural History Museum. Researchers across geological, geophysical, and biological disciplines present key results from research concerning the causes of mass extinction events"--

Download or read book The Deposition of Organic carbon rich Sediments written by Nicholas Bennett Harris and published by SEPM Soc for Sed Geology. This book was released on 2005 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depositional models for organic-carbon-rich sediments have been the subjects of both great interest and great controversy for many years. These sediments serve as the ultimate source of virtually all oil and gas. They also represent the interface between biological and geological processes and provide critical evidence for the state of the atmosphere and oceans. Yet despite their importance and decades of research, the origin of these sediments remains the source of vigorous disagreement. The twelve papers in this volume represent the cutting edge of research in this topic. They explore the origin of organic-carbon-rich sediments through a variety of techniques, including sedimentology, geochemistry, paleontology and computer modeling. All papers take multidisciplinary approaches to the topic, and together, they demonstrate the complex interconnected processes that trigger the deposition of organic carbon. This book will appeal to geoscientists in many disciplines, including explorers for petroleum who need models for source rock deposition, organic and inorganic geochemists who study processes in water and sediment, sedimentologists who interpret ancient deposition environments, and climatologists and oceanographers who reconstruct the behavior of the ancient atmosphere and oceans.

Download or read book Reconstruction of Local and Global Marine Paleoredox Conditions for the Northeast Panthalassan British Columbia Canada Expression of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event Using a Multi proxy Approach written by Alexandra Kunert and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE) of the Early Jurassic is one of several Mesozoic instances of expanded ocean anoxia, coupled with feedbacks and perturbations in Earth's systems. The drivers for these feedbacks are debated, but the general consensus is that the event is initially rooted in the emplacement of the Karoo-Ferrar large igneous province. The T-OAE is also linked to a second-order mass extinction in the marine and terrestrial realms. Study of the T-OAE aims to provide insight into the causes and consequences of the environmental changes, which may be applicable at present given that some of the characteristics of the T-OAE (e.g. carbon inputs leading to global warming) are reflected in the modern environment. The purpose of this study, which focused on an Early Jurassic section containing the T-OAE in northeastern British Columbia, was to provide extensive insight into the local depositional environment, as well as a glimpse at the global ocean paleoredox conditions across the duration of the event. In northeastern British Columbia, the Early Jurassic is divided into the Gordondale Member and Poker Chip Shale of the lower Fernie Formation. The studied drill core contains both members; the Gordondale is the basal member composed of organic-rich, calcareous mudstone, whereas the overlying Poker Chip shale is a siliceous mudstone to siltstone unit. To provide context for the T-OAE in the study core, organic carbon isotope compositions were profiled in search of a telltale negative carbon isotope excursion (N-CIE) which signals the event zenith. The event was identified by an N-CIE in the uppermost 7 meters of the Gordondale Member below the contact with the Poker Chip Shale. Local paleoenvironmental reconstruction was accomplished using elemental redox sensitive trace metal geochemistry to determine the redox regimes (oxic, suboxic, anoxic or euxinic) and hydrography (open versus restricted) of the depositional basin. The Gordondale Member was characterised as anoxic to euxinic. Elevated Mo and V (up to 370 μg/g and 2757 μg/g, respectively) suggested some intervals were deposited in an euxinic environment. The U and Re concentrations are also elevated in the euxinic intervals (up to 36 μg/g and 878 ng/g, respectively). Intervals with lower Mo and V concentrations ( 53 μg/g and 289 μg/g, respectively) but elevated U and Re content (up to 33 μg/g and 287 ng/g, respectively) indicated anoxic (non-sulfidic) conditions. The Poker Chip Shale was characterised by suboxic conditions (moderate Mo, V, U, and Re concentrations; 21 μg/g, 248 μg/g,

Download or read book The Role of Organic Petrology in the Exploration of Conventional and Unconventional Hydrocarbon Systems written by Isabel Suárez-Ruiz and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic petrology is a discipline of geology which integrates multidisciplinary approaches for the exploration and evaluation of fossil fuel resources by conventional and unconventional procedures. Organic petrology has brought forth new, powerful analytical tools for the characterization of geological hydrocarbon systems, thus providing information where previous analytical techniques prove to be less effective. The reference provides a broad, comprehensive source of information about the application of organic petrology in the investigation of geological formations related with the production and accumulation of oil and gas. Eleven chapters cover a variety of topics (kerogens, dispersed organic matter systems, sedimentary organic matter systems, oil and gas shales, etc.). Additional information in chapters referring to examples in specific geographical locations provides a global perspective of hydrocarbon exploration. The book is an introductory reference for all scholars involved in applied organic petrology of hydrocarbon systems including graduate and undergraduate geology students, engineers and lab technicians. [Series intro] Geology: Current and Future Developments is a book series that brings together the latest contributions to geological research. Each volume features chapters contributed by academic scholars / professional experts from around the world. The scope of the book series includes (but is not limited to) topics such as plate tectonics, climate science, hydrocarbon exploration, mineral exploration, and environmental science. This series is intended as a useful compendium of scholarly reference material for geology students and professionals.

Download or read book Source Rocks in a Sequence Stratigraphic Framework written by Barry Jay Katz and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book British Lower Jurassic Stratigraphy written by M. J. Simms and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes 45 sites, from small quarries to magnificent coastal cliffs, which represent the entire British outcrop, from North-East Scotland to South Wales and South-West England. This book demonstrates the diversity of Lower Jurassic stratigraphy and facies in Britain. It is of considerable importance within a British and Western European context.

Download or read book Paleoceanographic changes of the Late Pliensbachian Early Toarcian interval written by T.R. BAILEY and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Carbon Cycle and Ecosystem Response to the Jenkyns Event in the Early Toarcian Jurassic written by M. Reolid and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, also known as the Jenkyns Event, was a hyperthermal episode which occurred during the early Toarcian (c. 183 Ma; Early Jurassic) and resulted in numerous collateral effects including global warming, enhanced weathering, sea-level change, carbonate crisis, marine anoxia–dysoxia, and a second-order mass extinction. This volume presents the last advances for understanding early Toarcian environmental changes through different disciplines: biostratigraphy, micropalaeontology, palaeontology, ichnology, palaeoecology, sedimentology, integrated stratigraphy, inorganic, organic and isotopic geochemistry, and cyclostratigraphy. The study of this abrupt climate change is critical for predicting future global changes, and for understanding the complex biogeochemical interactions through time between geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere.

Download or read book Black Shales written by P. B. Wignall and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black shales provides the first comprehensive synthesis of the diverse research regarding the origin of petroleum source rocks. The book offers in-depth reviews from the fields sedimentology, palaeoecology, and geochemistry, and particularly focuses on the influence of palaeo-oxygen levels. Current debates--including the one over the influence of sedimentation rate, productivity, and enhanced preservation on the burial efficiency of organic carbon--receive a lively discussion. In addition, the importance of newly defined concepts of sequence stratigraphy to models of the formation of black shales receives an in-depth treatment for the first time. The book will be of interest to all geologists investigating palaeoenvironments, particularly those engaged in the search for hydrocarbons.