Download or read book Pakistan Foreign Policy Formulation 1947 65 written by Syed Hussain Shaheed Soherwordi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines through the use of archives and oral evidence the role of the Pakistan Army in the context of Pakistan's domestic politics and foreign policy. Its main purpose is to explore the autonomy of the Pakistan Army in shaping national and foreign policy between the years 1947-1965. Focusing on its independent relationship with three instruments of policy-making in the United States - the Department of State, the White House and the Pentagon - the thesis argues that the relationship between the Army and these policy-making bodies arose from a synergistic commonality of interests. The Americans needed a country on the periphery of the Soviet Union to contain Communism while the Pakistan Army needed US military support to check Indian regional military hegemonism in South Asia. This alliance was secured to the disadvantage of democratic political institutions of Pakistan. The Army, which became stronger as a result of US military and economic support, came progressively to dominate domestic politics. This led not only to weakened civilian governments in the period I am examining, but in 1958 to the military seizure of political control of the country itself. The infringement of the Army into civilian spheres of government further caused a deterioration in relations between East and West Pakistan. The increasing clout of a US-backed Army whose elite officers had a bias against the eastern wing of the country, the thesis argues, thus indirectly resulted in the dismemberment of Pakistan itself. To explain the Army's ascendancy its transformation from British colonial army into a national political actor, is documented. The thesis explores the influence of the martial-race theory and of Punjabisation in the Army as it developed in the colonial era. Secondly, it reconstructs how provincial politics weakened the Federal Government and allowed the Army to usurp political power to a disproportionate degree. Thirdly, the thesis considers the extent to which the US-Army relationship influenced and even took precedence over decision-making within the government itself. It details the military pacts made between the two countries to contain the USSR in this period. Finally, it explores where and how the interests of the US and Pakistan Army diverged, in particular concerning their respective relations with India. The complications arising in Indo-Pakistan relations in consequence of an abrupt tilt of the US towards India after the Sino-Indian war in 1962 are also examined. In reaction to this new Indo-US nexus, it is argued the Pakistani military junta leaned towards China and in 1965 endeavoured to make use of it advanced, US-supplied weaponry before - as they saw it - the strategic balance was to be irrecoverably lost in favour of India. In conclusion, the thesis argues that the period under consideration saw a complete failure of the US policy of containing communism whilst at the same time avoiding war between its allies in the region, and that this had tragic consequences for the future of democracy in Pakistan.
Download or read book A Divergent Foreign Policy Alliance written by Syed Hussain Shaheed Soherwordi and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book examines through the use of archives and oral evidence the role of the Pakistan Army in the context of Pakistan's foreign policy and domestic politics. Its main purpose is to explore the autonomy of the Pakistan Army in shaping national and foreign policy between the years 1947-1965. Focusing on its independent relationship with three instruments of policy-making in the United States - the Department of State, the White House and the Pentagon - the theory argues that the relationship between the Army and these policy-making bodies arose from a synergistic commonality of interests. The Americans needed a country, created in the name of Islam, on the periphery of the Soviet Union to contain Communism while the Pakistan Army needed US military support to check Indian regional military hegemonism in South Asia. This alliance was secured to the disadvantage of democratic political institutions of Pakistan while sowing the seeds of religious bigotry in politics. The Army, which became stronger as a result of US military and economic support, came progressively to dominate domestic politics. This led not only to weakened civilian governments in the period I am examining, but in 1958 to the military seizure of political control of the country itself. The infringement of the Army into civilian spheres of government further caused a deterioration in relations between East and West Pakistan. Religion, the foundation of the creation of country, failed to keep the two wings united. The increasing clout of a US-backed Army whose elite officers had a bias against the eastern wing of the country, the theory argues, thus indirectly resulted in the dismemberment of Pakistan itself. To explain the Army's ascendancy its transformation from British colonial army into a national political actor, is documented. The book explores the influence of the martial-race theory and of Punjabisation in the Army as it developed in the colonial era. Secondly, it reconstructs how provincial politics weakened the Federal Government and allowed the Army to usurp political power to a disproportionate degree. Thirdly, it considers the extent to which the US- Pakistan Army relationship influenced and even took precedence over decision-making within the government itself. It details the military pacts made between the two countries to contain the USSR in this period. Finally, it explores where and how the interests of the US and Pakistan Army diverged, in particular concerning their respective relations with India. The complications arising in Indo-Pakistan relations in consequence of an abrupt tilt of the US towards India after the Sino-Indian war in 1962 are also examined. In reaction to this new Indo-US nexus, it is argued the Pakistani military junta leaned towards China and in 1965 endeavoured to make use of it advanced, US-supplied weaponry before - as they saw it - the strategic balance was to be irrecoverably lost in favour of India. In conclusion, the book argues that the period under consideration saw a complete failure of the US policy of containing communism whilst at the same time avoiding war between its allies in the region, and that this had tragic consequences for the future of secular democracy in Pakistan"--
Download or read book Pakistan s Foreign Policy 1947 2005 written by Abdul Sattar and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2007 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pakistan's Foreign Policy provides insights into the considerations and constraints that determined policies on key issues, including the alliances, the unintended 1965 war, the nuclear programme, opposition to Soviet intervention in Afghanistan and review of policy after 9/11.
Download or read book Pakistans Foreign Policy 1947 2019 written by Abdul Sattar and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-07-09 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written with the express purpose of providing a reference book for students of history, political science, international relations, and Pakistan Studies, this book offers an objective history of policy stances along with the rationale behind decisions made by Pakistani state leaders. It provides an insight into the making, implementation, and consequences of Pakistans foreign policy from Partition up to 2019. It will facilitate a deeper understanding of the strategic compulsions that have driven decision making in Pakistans national security and foreign policy. This book incorporates new contours in relations with India, the US, China, and Afghanistan. Further updates pertain to developments in such key areas as terrorism, Kashmir, and the Middle East.
Download or read book Determinants of Pakistan s Foreign Policy written by Sukhawant Singh Bindra and published by Deep and Deep Publications. This book was released on 1988 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Domestic Compulsions and Foreign Policy written by Aswini K. Ray and published by New Delhi : Manas Publications. This book was released on 1975 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pakistans Foreign Policy written by Shahid M. Amin and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021-05-25 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a penetrating analysis of Pakistan's foreign policy from the time of Independence in 1947 until the beginning of the new millennium. The formulation of Pakistan's foreign policy has been discussed from a fresh perspective. The author pragmatically examines the structural failures of Pakistan's foreign policy-making process and calls for new thinking on various aspects of Pakistan's foreign policy, with special emphasis on Pakistan-India relations vis-�-vis Kashmir and suggests various policy options and indicates their possible consequences for Pakistan. The author makes a strong plea for realism and moderation, taking into account the best interests of Pakistan, particularly in view of the acquisition of nuclear weapons by both India and Pakistan. The book is based on the author's personal observations and analysis during thirty-nine years of diplomatic service as Pakistan's Ambassador and Special Envoy to various countries around the world. This edition contains a new introduction and a chapter on the developments in Pakistan's foreign policy from 2010 to 2020.
Download or read book Pakistan s Foreign Policy 1947 2016 written by Abdul Sattar and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a history of policy stances along with the rationale behind decisions made by Pakistani state leaders. It deals with the making, implementation, and consequences of Pakistan's foreign policy from Partition up to 2016
Download or read book Pakistan s Foreign Policy 1947 2009 written by Abdul Sattar and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A distinguished career in Pakistan's Foreign Service provided Abdul Sattar with a unique, personal insight into the making, implementation and consequences of Pakistan's foreign policy from Partition to post-9/11 years. This concise history reflects his knowledge, experience and research that will be of interest to students as well as general readers seeking to form an objective perspective on Pakistan's foreign policy.
Download or read book Explaining Pakistan s Foreign Policy written by Aparna Pande and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2011-03-16 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an up to date overview of the course of Pakistan’s foreign policy There is growing interest in Pakistan due to the instability in the region Jihadism is a hot topic
Download or read book Pakistan Foreign Policy Formulation 1947 64 written by Syed Hussain Shaheed Soherwordi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pakistan s Foreign Policy written by Sudhansu Kumar Patnaik and published by Gyan Publishing House. This book was released on 2005 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A maiden attempt to analyse the foreign policy behaviour of Pakistan in an innovative way in the sense that it marks a departure in the traditional mode of analysis. It identifies, describes and assesses the sources of its foreign policy and furnishes immense historical data for the period under study in an authentic and comprehensive manner.
Download or read book Pakistan and the West written by Farooq Naseem Bajwa and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is a study of Pakistan's foreign relations with the US and UK from 1947 to 1957. Based on recently declassified British and American foreign ministry papers and documents, it focuses on the regional and military pacts that Pakistan entered into with the British and Americans and uncovers many side issues at the same time.
Download or read book Pakistan s Foreign Policy 1947 2012 written by Abdul Sattar and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition has been updated to provide an insight into the making, implementation, and consequences of Pakistan's foreign policy from Partition to post-9/11 years. It will facilitate a deeper understanding of the strategic compulsions that have driven decision-making in Pakistan's national security and foreign policy. This concise history will be of interest to readers seeking to form an objective perspective on Pakistan's foreign policy.
Download or read book Pakistan s Foreign Policy written by Keith B. Callard and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pakistan s Foreign Policy written by Sangat Singh and published by Bombay : Asia Publishing House. This book was released on 1970 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pakistan s Foreign Policy written by Sumita Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pakistan's most critical foreign policy concerns in the last few years relate to the deadlock in relations with India and India's success in isolating Pakistan regionally and internationally due to its support for terrorism. The success of its peace overtures to Afghanistan are constrained by various complexities arising out of the unpredictable situation in Afghanistan and the role of external powers like the US, China and Russia in the ongoing peace process. It has felt the impact of US dissatisfaction with its role in the war on terror with a reduction in economic assistance and security related aid and though it would like to believe that it can function independent of US patronage, it has discovered that it may not be easy to do so given the latter's diplomatic outreach and clout in international financial institutions. While Pakistan has continued to rely on China for diplomatic and economic gain, it will have to figure out how to maintain its sovereignty and strategic autonomy vis-à-vis China. Pakistan's relations with Russia have improved considerably given a convergence of interests, yet the extent to which this will expand Pakistan's strategic options remains to be seen. This paper explores such trends in Pakistan's relations with important countries and challenges it faces in the formulation of its foreign policy.
