Download or read book Oxygen Transport by Oxygen Potential Gradient in Dense Ceramic Oxide Membranes written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous studies have been conducted in recent years on the partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas (syngas: CO + H2) with air as the oxidant. In partial oxidation, a mixed-oxide ceramic membrane selectively transports oxygen from the air; this transport is driven by the oxygen potential gradient. Of the several ceramic materials the authors have tested, a mixed oxide based on the Sr-Fe-Co-O system has been found to be very attractive. Extensive oxygen permeability data have been obtained for this material in methane conversion experiments carried out in a reactor. The data have been analyzed by a transport equation based on the phenomenological theory of diffusion under oxygen potential gradients. Thermodynamic calculations were used to estimate the driving force for the transport of oxygen ions. The results show that the transport equation deduced from the literature describes the permeability data reasonably well and can be used to determine the diffusion coefficients and the associated activation energy of oxygen ions in the ceramic membrane material.
Download or read book Academische Gesetze f r die Gro herzoglich Badischen hohen Schulen zu Heidelberg und Freiburg written by and published by . This book was released on 1825 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inorganic Polymeric and Composite Membranes written by S. Ted Oyama and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-13 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inorganic, Polymeric and Composite Membranes: Structure-Function and Other Correlations covers the latest technical advances in topics such as structure-function relationships for polymeric, inorganic, and composite membranes. Leading scientists provide in depth reviews and disseminate cutting-edge research results on correlations but also discuss new materials, characterization, modelling, computational simulation, process concepts, and spectroscopy. Unified by fundamental general correlations theme Many graphical examples Covers all major membrane types
Download or read book Development of Thin Film Oxygen Transport Membranes on Metallic Supports written by Ye Xing and published by Forschungszentrum Jülich. This book was released on 2012 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ionic and Mixed Conducting Ceramics 10 written by M. B. Mogensen and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2016 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ionic and Mixed Conducting Ceramics written by T. A. Ramanarayanan and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2002 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oxygen Transport Ceramic Membranes written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present quarterly report describes some of the investigations on the structural properties of dense OTM bars provided by Praxair and studies on newer composition of Ti doped LSF. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out on La{sub 0.2}Sr{sub 0.8}Fe{sub 0.55}Ti{sub 0.45}O{sub 3-[delta]} to investigate oxygen deficiency ({delta}) of the sample. The TGA was performed in a controlled atmosphere using oxygen, argon, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide with adjustable gas flow rates. In this experiment, the weight loss and gain of La{sub 0.2}Sr{sub 0.8}Fe{sub 0.55}Ti{sub 0.45}O{sub 3-{delta}} was directly measured by TGA. The weight change of the sample was evaluated at between 600 and 1250 C in air or 1000 C as a function of oxygen partial pressure. The oxygen deficiencies calculated from TGA data as a function of oxygen activity and temperature will be estimated and compared with that from neutron diffraction measurement in air. The LSFT and LSFT/CGO membranes were fabricated from the powder obtained from Praxair Specialty Ceramics. The sintered membranes were subjected to microstructure analysis and hardness analysis. The LSFT membrane is composed of fine grains with two kinds of grain morphology. The grain size distribution was characterized using image analysis. In LSFT/CGO membrane a lot of grain pullout was observed from the less dense, porous phase. The hardness of the LSFT and dual phase membranes were studied at various loads. The hardness values obtained from the cross section of the membranes were also compared to that of the values obtained from the surface. An electrochemical cell has been designed and built for measurements of the Seebeck coefficient as a function of temperature and pressure. Measurements on La{sub 0.2}Sr{sub 0.8}Fe{sub 0.55}Ti{sub 0.45}O{sub 3-{delta}} as a function of temperature an oxygen partial pressure are reported. Further analysis of the dilatometry data obtained previously is presented. A series of isotope transients under air separation mode (small gradient) were completed on the membrane of LSCrF-2828 at 900 C. Low pO2 atmospheres based on with CO-CO2 mixtures have also been admitted to the delivery side of the LSCrF-2828 membrane to produce the gradients which exist under syngas generation conditions. The CO-CO2 mixtures have normal isotopic 18O abundances. The evolution of 18O on the delivery side in these experiments after an 18O pulse on the air side reveals a wealth of information about the oxygen transport processes.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Inorganic Membrane Science and Technology written by A.J. Burggraaf and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-11-19 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inorganic membrane science and technology is a new field of membrane separation technology which until recently was dominated by the earlier field of polymer membranes. Currently the subject is undergoing rapid development and innovation.The present book describes the fundamental principles of both synthesis of inorganic membranes and membrane supports and also the associated phenomena of transport and separation in a semi-quantitative form.Features of this book:- Examples are given which illustrate the state-of-the-art in the synthesis of membranes with controlled properties- Future possibilities and limitations are discussed- The reader is provided with references to more extended treatments in the literature- Potential areas for future innovation are indicated.By combining aspects of both the science and technology of inorganic membranes this book serves as a useful source of information for scientists and engineers working in this field. It also provides some observations of important investigators who have contributed to the development of this subject.
Download or read book Membrane Reactors for Energy Applications and Basic Chemical Production written by Angelo Basile and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-02-05 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane Reactors for Energy Applications and Basic Chemical Production presents a discussion of the increasing interest in membrane reactors that has emerged in recent years from both the scientific and industrial communities, in particular their usage for energy applications and basic chemical production. Part One of the text investigates membrane reactors for syngas and hydrogen production, while Part Two examines membrane reactors for other energy applications, including biodiesel and bioethanol production. The final section of the book reviews the use of membrane reactors in basic chemical production, including discussions of the use of MRs in ammonia production and the dehydrogenation of alkanes to alkenes. - Provides comprehensive coverage of membrane reactors as presented by a world-renowned team of experts - Includes discussions of the use of membrane reactors in ammonia production and the dehydrogenation of alkanes to alkenes - Tackles the use of membrane reactors in syngas, hydrogen, and basic chemical production - Keen focus placed on the industry, particularly in the use of membrane reactor technologies in energy
Download or read book Mixed Conducting Ceramic Membranes written by Xuefeng Zhu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-09 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to bring together into a single book all aspects of mixed conducting ceramic membranes. It provides a comprehensive description of the fundamentals of mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) membranes from the basic theories and materials to fabrication and characterization technologies. It also covers the potential applications of MIEC membrane technology in industry. This book offers a valuable resource for all scientists and engineers involved in R&D on mixed conducting ceramic membrane technology, as well as other readers who are interested in catalysis in membrane reactor, solid state electrochemistry, solid oxide fuel cells, and related topics. Xuefeng Zhu, PhD, is a Professor at State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. Weishen Yang, PhD, is the team leader for Membrane Catalysis and New Catalytic Materials and a DICP Chair Professor at State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
Download or read book Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Ceramic Membranes written by Harlan U. Anderson and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 1997 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced Membrane Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Environmental Applications written by Angelo Basile and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-24 with total page 849 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane materials allow for the selective separation of gas and vapour and for ion transport. Materials research and development continues to drive improvements in the design, manufacture and integration of membrane technologies as critical components in both sustainable energy and clean industry applications. Membrane utilisation offers process simplification and intensification in industry, providing low-cost, and efficient and reliable operation, and contributing towards emissions reductions and energy security. Advanced membrane science and technology for sustainable energy and environmental applications presents a comprehensive review of membrane utilisation and integration within energy and environmental industries.Part one introduces the topic of membrane science and engineering, from the fundamentals of membrane processes and separation to membrane characterization and economic analysis. Part two focuses on membrane utilisation for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture in coal and gas power plants, including pre- and post-combustion and oxygen transport technologies. Part three reviews membranes for the petrochemical industry, with chapters covering hydrocarbon fuel, natural gas and synthesis gas processing, as well as advanced biofuels production. Part four covers membranes for alternative energy applications and energy storage, such as membrane technology for redox and lithium batteries, fuel cells and hydrogen production. Finally, part five discusses membranes utilisation in industrial and environmental applications, including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and forward osmosis, as well as water, wastewater and nuclear power applications.With its distinguished editors and team of expert contributors, Advanced membrane science and technology for sustainable energy and environmental applications is an essential reference for membrane and materials engineers and manufacturers, as well as researchers and academics interested in this field. - Presents a comprehensive review of membrane science and technology, focusing on developments and applications in sustainable energy and clean-industry - Discusses the fundamentals of membrane processes and separation and membrane characterization and economic analysis - Addresses the key issues of membrane utilisation in coal and gas power plants and the petrochemical industry, the use of membranes for alternative energy applications and membrane utilisation in industrial and environmental applications
Download or read book Recent Advances in Gas Separation by Microporous Ceramic Membranes written by N.K. Kanellopoulos and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-09-26 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is dedicated to the rapidly growing field of microporous ceramic membranes with separating layers of pore diameter less than 2nm. The chapters of this book bring forward a wide range of issues, namely fundamentals of complex sorption and transport processes in micropore structures, highly innovative methods of preparation of microporous membranes and examples of their possible commercial applications. This book presents insights by distinguished investigators, who have contributed significantly to the advance of research efforts in the diverse topics described herein. Recently, significant progress has been made with respect to the development of novel microporous asymmetric membranes, mainly involving modification by means of deposition of additional material within the pores of the substrates. Most state-of-the-art technologies aiming in the development of microporous ceramic membrane are presented in the third section of the book. These include several material deposition methods and techniques on macroporous or mesoporous supports and substrates from the liquid or vapour phase, namely those involving sol-gel, zeolite and chemical vapour deposition techniques. In addition to the above-mentioned methods, the classical technique of carbonizing polymeric deposits along with one of the novel techniques of plasma-treating, organically deposited Langmuir-Blodgett films, are also presented. Nanophase mixed ionic-electron membranes for enhanced oxygen transport are described, which pose a strong candidacy for a number of significant commercial applications.
Download or read book Solid State Electrochemistry II written by Vladislav V. Kharton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-21 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ideal addition to the companion volume on fundamentals, methodologies, and applications, this second volume combines fundamental information with an overview of the role of ceramic membranes, electrodes and interfaces in this important, interdisciplinary and rapidly developing field. Written primarily for specialists working in solid state electrochemistry, this first comprehensive handbook on the topic focuses on the most important developments over the last decade, as well as the methodological and theoretical aspects and practical applications. This makes the contents equally of interest to material, physical and industrial scientists, and to physicists. Also available as a two-volume set.
Download or read book Ceramic Membranes for Generation of Partial oxidation Products from Methane written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most significant cost associated with partial oxidation of methane to syngas is that of the oxygen plant. In this paper, we offer a technology, based on dense ceramic membranes, that uses air as the oxidant for methane-conversion reactions and eliminates the need for an oxygen plant. Certain ceramic materials exhibit both electronic and ionic conductivities (of particular interest is oxygen-ion conductivity). These materials transport not only oxygen ions (functioning as selective oxygen separators) but also electrons back from the reactor side to the oxygen-reduction interface. As such, no external electrodes are required and if the driving potential of transport is sufficient, the partial oxidation reactions should be spontaneous. Such a system will operate without an externally applied potential. Oxygen is transported across the ceramic material in the form of oxygen anions and not oxygen molecules. Recent reports in the literature suggest that ceramic membranes made of these mixed conductors can successfully separate oxygen and nitrogen at flux rates that could be considered commercially feasible [1--8]. Long tubes of La-Sr-Fe-Co-O (SFC) membrane have been fabricated by plastic extrusion. Thermodynamic stability of the tubes was studied as a function of oxygen partial pressure by high-temperature XRD. Mechanical properties were measured and found to be adequate for a reactor material. Performance of the membrane strongly depended on the stoichiometry of the material. Fracture of certain SFC tubes was the consequence of an oxygen gradient that introduced a volumetric lattice difference between the inner and outer walls. However, tubes made with a particular stoichiometry (SFC-2) provided methane-conversion efficiencies of>99% in a reactor. Some of these reactor tubes have operated for up to (almost equal to)500 h.
Download or read book Inorganic Membrane Reactors written by Xiaoyao Tan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane reactors combine membrane functions such as separation, reactant distribution, and catalyst support with chemical reactions in a single unit. The benefits of this approach include enhanced conversion, increased yield, and selectivity, as well as a more compact and cost-effect design of reactor system. Hence, membrane reactors are an effective route toward chemical process intensification. This book covers all types of porous membrane reactors, including ceramic, silica, carbon, zeolite, and dense metallic reactors such as Pd or Pd-alloy, oxygen ion-conducting, and proton-conducting ceramics. For each type of membrane reactor, the membrane transport principles, membrane fabrication, configuration and operation of membrane reactors, and their current and potential applications are described comprehensively. A summary of the critical issues and hurdles for each membrane reaction process is also provided, with the aim of encouraging successful commercial applications. The audience for Inorganic Membrane Reactors includes advanced students, industrial and academic researchers, and engineers with an interest in membrane reactors.
Download or read book Membrane Reactor Engineering written by Angelo Basile and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uniquely focussed on the engineering aspects of membrane reactors Provides tools for analysis with specific regard to sustainability Applications include water treatment, wastewater recycling, desalination, biorefineries, agro-food production Membrane reactors can bring energy saving, reduced environmental impact and lower operating costs
