Download or read book Oxygen Isotope Fractionation Between Rutile and Water written by Sunit K. Addy and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oxygen Isotope Fractionation Studies in Mineral Systems written by James R. O'Neil and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stable Isotope Geochemistry written by John W. Valley and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 43 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry follows the 1986 Reviews in Mineralogy (Vol. 16) in approach but reflects significant changes in the field of Stable Isotope Geochemistry. In terms of new technology, new sub-disciplines, and numbers of researchers, the field has changed more in the past decade than in any other since that of its birth. Unlike the 1986 volume, which was restricted to high temperature fields, this book covers a wider range of disciplines. However, it would not be possible to fit a comprehensive review into a single volume. Our goal is to provide state-of-the-art reviews in chosen subjects that have emerged or advanced greatly since 1986. This volume was prepared for Short Course on Stable Isotope Geochemistry presented November 2-4, 2001 in conjunction with the annual meetings of the Geological Society of America in Boston, Massachusetts.
Download or read book Stable Isotopes in High Temperature Geological Processes written by John W. Valley and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 16 of Reviews in Mineralogy inroduces to high-temperature stable isotope geochemistry and should provide an entry into the pertinent literature, as well as some understanding of the basic concepts and potential applications. The first three chapters focus on the theory and experimental data base for equilibrium, disequilibrium, and kinetics of stable isotope exchange reactions among geologically important minerals and fluids. The fourth chapter discusses the primordial oxygen isotope variations in the solar system prior to formation of the Earth, along with a discussion of isotopic anomalies in meteorites. The fifth chapter discusses isotopic variations in the Earth's mantle and the sixth chapter reviews the variations in the isotopic compositions of natural waters on our planet. In Chapters 7, 8, 9 and 10, these isotopic constraints and concepts are applied to various facets of the origin and evolution of igneous rocks, bringing in much material on radiogenic isotopes as well, because these problems require a multi-dimensional attack for their solution. In Chapters 11 and 12, the problems of hydrothermal alteration by meteoric waters and ocean water are considered, together with discussions of the physics and chemistry of hydrothermal systems and the 18O/16O history of ocean water. Finally, in Chapters 13 and 14, these concepts are applied to problems of metamorphic petrology and ore deposits, particularly with respect to the origins of the fluids involved in those processes.
Download or read book U S Geological Survey Professional Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Data of Geochemistry written by Irving Friedman and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isoptope separation factors for the stable isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and sulfur are plotted as a function of temperature, in degrees Celsius.
Download or read book Geological Survey Professional Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermodynamics of Minerals and Melts written by R.C. Newton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today large numbers of geoscientists apply thermodynamic theory to solu tions of a variety of problems in earth and planetary sciences. For most problems in chemistry, the application of thermodynamics is direct and rewarding. Geoscientists, however, deal with complex inorganic and organic substances. The complexities in the nature of mineralogical substances arise due to their involved crystal structure and multicomponental character. As a result, thermochemical solutions of many geological-planetological problems should be attempted only with a clear understanding of the crystal-chemical and thermochemical character of each mineral. The subject of physical geochemistry deals with the elucidation and application of physico-chemical principles to geosciences. Thermodynamics of mineral phases and crystalline solutions form an integral part of it. Developments in mineralogic thermody namics in recent years have been very encouraging, but do not easily reach many geoscientists interested mainly in applications. This series is to provide geoscientists and planetary scientists with current information on the develop ments in thermodynamics of mineral systems, and also provide the active researcher in this rapidly developing field with a forum through which he can popularize the important conclusions of his work. In the first several volumes, we plan to publish original contributions (with an abundant supply of back ground material for the uninitiated reader) and thoughtful reviews from a number of researchers on mineralogic thermodynamics, on the application of thermochemistry to planetary phase equilibria (including meteorites), and on kinetics of geochemical reactions.
Download or read book Petrochronology written by Matthew J. Kohn and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petrochronology is a rapidly emerging branch of Earth science that links time (ages or rates) with specific rock-forming processes and their physical conditions. It is founded in petrology and geochemistry, which define a petrogenetic context or delimit a specific process, to which chronometric data are then linked. This combination informs Earth’s petrogenetic processes better than petrology or geochronology alone. This volume and the accompanying short courses address three broad categories of inquiry. Conceptual approaches chapters include petrologic modeling of multi-component chemical and mineralogic systems, and development of methods that include diffusive alteration of mineral chemistry. Methods chapters address four main analytical techniques, specifically EPMA, LA-ICP-MS, SIMS and TIMS. Mineral-specific chapters explore applications to a wide range of minerals, including zircon (metamorphic, igneous, and detrital/Hadean), baddeleyite, REE minerals (monazite, allanite, xenotime and apatite), titanite, rutile, garnet, and major igneous minerals (olivine, plagioclase and pyroxenes). These applications mainly focus on metamorphic, igneous, or tectonic processes, but additionally elucidate fundamental transdisciplinary progress in addressing mechanisms of crystal growth, the chemical consequences of mineral growth kinetics, and how chemical transport and deformation affect chemically complex mineral composites. Most chapters further recommend areas of future research.
Download or read book Oxygen Isotope Fractionation in the System Calcium Carbonate water written by Robert N. Clayton and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Using Geochemical Data written by Hugh R. Rollinson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-21 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using Geochemical Data brings together in one volume a wide range of ideas and methods currently used in geochemistry, providing a foundation of knowledge from which the reader can interpret, evaluate and present geochemical data.
Download or read book Rock forming Minerals written by J. F. W. Bowles and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 1978 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 5A of this second edition of Rock-Forming Minerals focuses on oxides, hydroxides and sulphides. Since the publication of the first edition, in 1962, there has been an enormous increase in the literature devoted to these minerals. This new edition, greatly expanded and rewritten, covers aspects that include crystal structures, chemical compositions, electronic structures, phase relations, thermochemistry, mineral surface structure and reactivity, physical properties, distinguishing features and parageneses (including stable isotope data).
Download or read book Stable Isotope Geochemistry written by J. Hoefs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Using Geochemical Data written by Hugh Richard Rollinson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-06 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How best to interpret and apply geochemical data to understand geological processes, for graduate students, researchers, and professionals.
Download or read book Low Grade Metamorphism written by M. Frey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-15 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-Grade Metamorphism explores processes and transformations in rocks during the early stages of metamorphic recrystallization. There has been little analysis and documentation of this widespread phenomenon, especially of the substantial and exciting advances that have taken place in the subject over the last decade. This book rectifies that shortfall, building on the foundations of Low-Temperature Metamorphism by Martin Frey (1987). The editors have invited contributions from an internationally acknowledged team of experts, who have aimed the book at advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers in the field. Contributions from internationally acknowledged experts. Documents the substantial and exciting advances that have taken place in the subject over the last decade.
Download or read book The Oceanic Lithosphere written by Cesare Emiliani and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2005-06 with total page 1758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Experimental Studies of Oxygen Isotope Fractionation in the Carbonic Acid System at 15 25 and 40 C written by William Cory Beck and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In light of recent studies that show oxygen isotope fractionation in carbonate minerals to be a function of HCO3 and CO32- concentrations, the oxygen isotope fractionation and exchange between water and components of the carbonic acid system (HCO3-, CO3 2-, and CO2(aq)) were investigated at 15°, 25°, and 40°C. To investigate oxygen isotope exchange between HCO3-, CO3 2-, and H2O, NaHCO3 solutions were prepared and the pH was adjusted over a range of 2 to 12 by the addition of small amounts of HCl or NaOH. After thermal, chemical, and isotopic equilibrium was attained, BaCl2 was added to the NaHCO3 solutions. This resulted in immediate BaCO3 precipitation; thus, recording the isotopic composition of the dissolved inorganic carbon. Data from experiments at 15°, 25°, and 40°C (1 atm) show that the oxygen isotope fractionation between HCO3- and H2O as a function of temperature is governed by the equation:1000 ;HCO3--H2O = 2.66 + 0.05(106T-2) + 1.18 + 0.52.where is the fractionation factor and T is in kelvins. The temperature dependence of oxygen isotope fractionation between CO32- and H2O is 1000 CO32--H2O = 2.28 + 0.03(106T-2) - 1.50 + 0.29. The oxygen isotope fractionation between CO2(aq) and H2O was investigated by acid stripping CO2(aq) from low pH solutions; these data yield the following equation:1000 CO2(aq)-H2O = 2.52 + 0.03(106T-2) + 12.12 + 0.33. The kinetics of oxygen isotope exchange were also investigated. The half-times for exchange between HCO3- and H2O were 3.6, 1.4, and 0.25 h at 15°, 25°, and 40°C, respectively. The half-times for exchange between CO2 and H2O were 1200, 170, and 41 h at 15, 25, and 40 (degrees) C, respectively. These results show that the 18O of the total dissolved inorganic carbon species can vary as much as 17% at a constant temperature. This could result in temperature independent variations in the 18O of precipitated carbonate minerals, especially in systems that are not chemically buffered.
