Download or read book Oxidation Kinetics and Auger Microprobe Analysis of Some Oxidized Zirconium Alloys written by RA. Ploc and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidation kinetics at 300°C in dry oxygen of 0.5 wt% binary alloys of iron, nickel, and chromium in zirconium were determined for several surface preparations. Further, chemical profiles of the oxides as they existed on the matrix and on the precipitates were obtained by sputtering and Auger electron analysis. The appearance of "breakaway" oxidation was controlled by the surface finish of the alloy, a variable that could be used to eliminate the phenomenon for all alloys except the Zr/Ni binary, which required ?-quenching to accomplish the same purpose.
Download or read book Oxidation kinetics and auger microprobe analysis of some oxidized zirconium alloys written by R. A. Ploc and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by Leo F. P. Van Swam and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1989 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by Craig M. Eucken and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1991 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on [title], held in Kobe, Japan, November 1990, address current trends in the development, performance, and fabrication of zirconium alloys for nuclear power reactors. the bulk of the most recent work on zirconium alloy behavior has concerned corr
Download or read book A scanning auger microprobe analysis of the oxidation of a zr2ni alloy written by R. A. Ploc and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oxidation of Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oxidation rate was found to be relatively insensitive to various types of surface preparations in the temperature range 400 to 700 deg C. No dependence of reaction rate on oxygen pressure was observed. The cubic rate law also was obeyed by foil specimens at 700 deg C; however, the rate constants were slightly larger than values obtained from parallelepiped samples.
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oxidation and Corrosion of Zirconium and Its Alloys written by Atomic Energy Research Establishment (Harwell, England). Chemistry Division and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Zirconium Metal water Oxidation Kinetics II Oxygen 18 Diffusion In Beta Zircaloy written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diffusion of oxygen-18 in .beta.-Zircaloy-4 was measured from 900 to 1500°C and survey measurements were made for .beta.-zirconium and .beta.-Zircaloy-2. The tracer diffusivity was measured over the entire temperature range and the chemical diffusivity from 1100 to 1500°C. The experiments were performed by using oxygen-18 as the tracer and activating it by proton bombardment. Complementary measurements were also made using Auger Electron Spectroscopy. Results indicated that the tracer and chemical diffusivity of oxygen in .beta.-Zircaloy-4 are statistically identical, and there is no oxygen concentration dependence over the oxygen concentration range studied, 0.1 to 0.6 wt percent. The temperature dependence of the diffusivity from 1000 to 1500°C is D = 2.48 x 10−2 exp ( -28200/RT) cm2/s. Below 1000°C, the diffusivity dropped sharply because a two-phase .cap alpha. + .beta. mixture was present. Results for the .beta.-Zircaloy-2 and .beta.-zirconium indicated that the alloying additions have no influence upon the oxygen diffusivity. Combination of three sets of boundary conditions (thin-film tracer diffusion, single-phase chemical diffusion couple, and phase-boundary-movement chemical diffusion couple) and two methods of oxygen profiling (oxygen-18 radioactivation and Auger Electron Spectroscopy) were used to increase the confidence in the results. Current results are about 50 percent lower than the previous results of Mallett, Albrecht, and Wilson. The diffusivity of oxygen-16 is expected to be 6 percent greater than that for oxygen-18. (auth).
Download or read book THE OXIDATION PROPERTIES OF A ZIRCONIUM 2 7 W O NIOBIUM ALLOY IN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE 300 500C written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reaction kinetics and structures of the alloy/oxide composite system were determined for martensitic and several Widmanstatten-structured alloys oxidized at 300, 400, and 500C in oxygen at 1 atm pressure. At 300 and 400C, there was little difference between the oxidation rates of the differently structured alloys in the early stages of the reaction. Prolonged exposures illustrated the occurrence of two limiting oxidation curves: martensitic specimens oxidized most rapidly, the oxidation rate decreasing until a transition range was attained in which the rate subsequently increased to a maximum value associated with linear kinetics; on the other hand, Widmanstatten- structured specimens containing equilibrium amounts of proeutectoid alpha- zirconium from the quench temperature oxidized most slowly, the initial decreasing oxidation rates finally approximating to linear kinetics at long exposures. Specimens containing intermediate amounts of proeutectoid alpha- zirconium oxidized at rates between these two limiting cases. At 500C, the initial oxidation rates for all alloys approximated to parabolic kinetics, the reaction rate constants being directly dependent on the volume fractions of martensite. The major product of the reaction at all temperatures irrespective of alloy structure was an oxide whose structure could be indexed as monoclinic zirconia.
Download or read book A New Model to Predict the Oxidation Kinetics of Zirconium Alloys in a Pressurized Water Reactor written by D. Pêcheur and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The previous CEA corrosion code COCHISE provided satisfactory simulations of in-reactor corrosion of the fuel cladding when used in its validity range. In contrast, it could lead to hazardous predictions if applied out of this range due to the strongly linked parameters mainly based on the analysis of French pressurized water reactor (PWR) data. To predict the oxidation kinetics for new operating conditions or new materials, the CEA and EDF decided to develop a new model, named CORCY, which is based on a more phenomenological approach and uses separate parameters deduced from analytical experiments. The aim of this paper is to present the new model for Zircaloy-4 in PWR. The phenomenological approach is described. It is based on out- and in-pile data. Typically, since (1) the oxidation kinetics of zirconium alloys in autoclave are periodic, and (2) the oxide films formed in autoclave, in out-of-pile loop, and in-reactor all exhibit periodic lateral cracks with a period similar to the oxide thickness to transition, the oxidation kinetics in CORCY are characterized by a cyclic repetition of semi-parabolic law. Each model parameter is detailed. They are deduced separately from (a) oxidation tests performed in autoclave on fresh alloys to determine their kinetics; (b) oxidation tests performed in the out-of-pile corrosion loops Corail and Reggae to quantify the effects of thermo-hydraulic conditions; (c) data provided by Testing Material Reactors (OSIRIS and Halden reactor) during isothermal oxidation to determine the effects of irradiation; and (d) oxidation tests performed on pre-hydrided alloys to take into account the accelerated corrosion phase occurring, in reactor, for Zircaloy-4 at high burn-up. After describing both the phenomenological approach and the different model parameters, a comparison of measured and calculated corrosion data from French PWRs at a burn-up up to 65 GWd/tU is provided.
Download or read book Oxidation Kinetics of Zirconium niobium Alloys at 400 Degrees and 500 Degrees C in Oxygen Atmospheres written by Dennis E. Dick and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deviations From Parabolic Kinetics During Oxidation of Zirconium Alloys written by Martin Steinbrück and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oxidation of zirconium cladding alloys used in nuclear reactors was investigated under the conditions of loss-of-coolant and severe accidents, i.e., at temperatures between 600 and 1600°C and in various atmospheres. The kinetics were parabolic or sub-parabolic as long as the superficially formed oxide scale remained intact and protective. More or less linear kinetics were found after degradation of the oxide layer due to phase transitions connected with volume changes and formation of cracks and pores. The presence of nitrogen further accelerated oxidation rates by formation of zirconium nitride at the metal-oxide boundary and its re-oxidation with the progressing reaction. This paper summarizes extensive experimental work on high-temperature oxidation of zirconium alloys performed at KIT focusing on effects causing non-parabolic oxidation kinetics.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oxidation and Corrosion of Zirconium and Its Alloys written by B. Cox and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Properties of Surface Oxidation of Zirconium by Auger Electron Spectroscopy and Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy written by Tair-ji Lee and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oxidation and Corrosion of Zirconium and Its Alloys written by United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority. Research Group. Atomic Energy Research Establishment. Chemistry Division and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
