Download or read book Oxidation Analysis of Additive Manufacturing Shape Memory Alloys written by Hediyeh Dabbaghi and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are considered as interesting engineering smart materials due to their ability to memorize shapes through a thermally induced solid-state phase transition. NiTi-base shape memory alloys are the most prevalent SMAs due to their unique shape memory effect (SME), superelasticity (SE), and damping capacity (DC). The unique properties of SMAs have widely used in the applications with operating temperatures below 100 °C. Since this commercially available NiTi alloy cannot be utilized at a temperature higher than 100 °C, many scientists have paid more attention to the development of a new shape memory material with higher strength and transformation temperatures (TTs). These materials can operate at temperatures above 100°C due to the demand for a broad range of applications from automotive, aerospace, oil, and many other industries. This demand led to the emergence of a new shape-memory alloying system as a High-Temperature Shape Memory Alloys (HTSMAs). HTSMAs have been widely investigated not only for their high transformation temperature but also for good cycling stability, creep, and plastic deformation resistance. In recent years, HTSMAs have been introduced via ternary elemental additions to the base alloy. Alloying is one of the most powerful methods to enhance the properties of NiTi alloys. Addition of a third element can affect the phase transformation behavior, the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of binary NiTi alloys. Among the potential HTSMAs, NiTiHf alloys have received considerable attention due to its low cost and emerged as potential materials for applications requiring high transformation temperatures (> 100 °C) with high strength and work output. Even though there is a high demand in NiTi and NiTiHf alloys, two main challenges are remaining; the inability to produce complex components and the lack of repeatable processes to provide the desired thermomechanical properties. In recent year, additive manufacturing techniques (AM) have been widely used to fabricate complex components without any tooling and pave the way to tailor the microstructure and critical properties of the alloys by choosing the appropriate processing parameters. Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the AM processes for fabrication parts which has been utilized in this study. It is well known that SMAs usually have experienced hot rolling during high-temperature, which leads to the formation of high-temperature oxides on the surface. Oxidation causes loss of some elements that have effects on the TTs and shape memory effect. Therefore, the evaluation of oxidation characteristics and the interpretation that this oxidation has a beneficial or destructive effect on the alloys is an important issue. So far, many studies investigated the oxidation behavior of NiTi alloys at high temperatures, but there are a few numbers of research that evaluated the effect of additive elements on the oxidation kinetics which have fabricated conventionally, and just one study has reported the investigation of the oxidation kinetics of NiTiHf. No study has been reported the evaluation of the oxidation behavior of AM shape memory alloys. An understanding of the AM NiTiHf alloy oxidation and how it is affected by alloy characteristics and exposure conditions is demanded and should be evaluated. In this study, to analyze the oxidation kinetics of NiTiHf and NiTi, which are fabricated through SLM, a series of samples was built. The effect of Hf addition on the high-temperature oxidation kinetics and the structure of oxides that formed on the surface of AM NiTiHf alloy was evaluated to estimate the design life of this alloy in terms of its oxidation resistance as components used at elevated temperature. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) were performed at high temperature for different times in dry air. Furthermore, the oxidation behavior of conventional Ni50.4Ti29.6Hf20 and Ni50.8Ti49.2 was measured for comparison to see the differences between the oxidation resistance of samples that fabricated additively with those produced conventionally. After oxidation, the microstructure and chemical composition of oxide formed were analyzed by SEM/EDS. It is found that the addition of 20 at. % Hf decreases the oxidation resistance of NiTi alloys. The oxidation behavior of NiTi alloys is well fitted with parabolic rate law, while for NiTiHf alloys, the trend is different. In the early stage of oxidation, these alloys obey logarithmic rate law, and after a while, they follow parabolic rate law. The activation energy of NiTiHf alloys was lower than NiTi alloys, which proved that ternary alloy oxidized faster than binary alloys. It was observed that six main oxide layers formed during the oxidation. The Hf-rich oxide layer, which had the highest thickness, played a significant role in mass-gain and oxidation kinetic. The results of the study pave the way for estimating the service life of high-temperature actuators and components made of these functional alloys.

Download or read book Shape Memory Alloy Actuators written by Mohammad H. Elahinia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a systematic approach to realizing NiTi shape memory alloy actuation, and is aimed at science and engineering students who would like to develop a better understanding of the behaviors of SMAs, and learn to design, simulate, control, and fabricate these actuators in a systematic approach. Several innovative biomedical applications of SMAs are discussed. These include orthopedic, rehabilitation, assistive, cardiovascular, and surgery devices and tools. To this end unique actuation mechanisms are discussed. These include antagonistic bi-stable shape memory-superelastic actuation, shape memory spring actuation, and multi axial tension-torsion actuation. These actuation mechanisms open new possibilities for creating adaptive structures and biomedical devices by using SMAs.

Download or read book Technical Economic and Societal Effects of Manufacturing 4 0 written by Mikael Collan and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book is among the first cross-disciplinary works about Manufacturing 4.0. It includes chapters about the technical, the economic, and the social aspects of this important phenomenon. Together the material presented allows the reader to develop a holistic picture of where the manufacturing industry and the parts of the society that depend on it may be going in the future. Manufacturing 4.0 is not only a technical change, nor is it a purely technically driven change, but it is a societal change that has the potential to disrupt the way societies are constructed both in the positive and in the negative. This book will be of interest to scholars researching manufacturing, technological innovation, innovation management and industry 4.0.

Download or read book Design of Shape Memory Alloy SMA Actuators written by Ashwin Rao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This short monograph presents an analysis and design methodology for shape memory alloy (SMA) components such as wires, beams, and springs for different applications. The solid-solid, diffusionless phase transformations in thermally responsive SMA allows them to demonstrate unique characteristics like superelasticity and shape memory effects. The combined sensing and actuating capabilities of such materials allows them to provide a system level response by combining multiple functions in a single material system. In SMA, the combined mechanical and thermal loading effects influence the functionality of such materials. The aim of this book is to make the analysis of these materials accessible to designers by developing a "strength of materials" approach to the analysis and design of such SMA components inspired from their various applications with a review of various factors influencing the design process for such materials.

Download or read book Shape Memory Alloy Engineering written by Antonio Concilio and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape Memory Alloy Engineering introduces materials, mechanical, and aerospace engineers to shape memory alloys (SMAs), providing a unique perspective that combines fundamental theory with new approaches to design and modeling of actual SMAs as compact and inexpensive actuators for use in aerospace and other applications. With this book readers will gain an understanding of the intrinsic properties of SMAs and their characteristic state diagrams, allowing them to design innovative compact actuation systems for applications from aerospace and aeronautics to ships, cars, and trucks. The book realistically discusses both the potential of these fascinating materials as well as their limitations in everyday life, and how to overcome some of those limitations in order to achieve proper design of useful SMA mechanisms. Discusses material characterization processes and results for a number of newer SMAs Incorporates numerical (FE) simulation and integration procedures into commercial codes (Msc/Nastran, Abaqus, and others) Provides detailed examples on design procedures and optimization of SMA-based actuation systems for real cases, from specs to verification lab tests on physical demonstrators One of the few SMA books to include design and set-up of demonstrator characterization tests and correlation with numerical models

Download or read book Handbook of Giant Magnetostrictive Materials written by Göran Engdahl and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-10-20 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Giant Magnetostrictive Materials contains the knowledge that a mechanical or an electrical engineer needs when considering the use of magnetostrictive materials in a construction project. The book covers the physical origin of giant magnetostriction, its manufacturing and metallurgy, and grain related processes under operation. Comprehensive descriptions of useful models of design methods and tools are given, including the performance of devices and systems comprised of magnetostrictive materials, considering the electrical, magnetic, mechanical, and thermal effects. The book covers all major characterization methods of giant magnetostrictive bulk materials, actuators, and systems. A structured inventory of current and emerging applications of giant magnetostrictive materials is given, covering areas such as sound and vibration sources, vibration control, motional control, material processing, and electromechanical converters. The final chapter offers an up-to-date review of the emerging giant magnetostrictive thin film technologies. The book also contains a market inventory with valuable contact information. Offers all necessary information for the reader to decide on the applicability of giant magnetostrictive material in a construction Allows readers to create their own computational design tools based on the model algorithms given in the book; specific programs are also proposed Gives the reader numerous pieces of advice and hints regarding the further details of construction design, pre-and detail engineering Provides the reader with information necessary to perform the needed experimental evaluation of materials and actuators in specific applications Guides the reader through current and potential areas of successful applications of giant magnetostrive materials Supplies the reader with the necessary contact information to act in the field of giant magnetostrictive materials applications

Download or read book Handbook of Nanocomposite Supercapacitor Materials IV written by Kamal K. Kar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-23 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers next-generation nanocomposite supercapacitor materials. It deals with a wide range of emerging and sustainable supercapacitors based on, e.g., low-dimensional materials including transition metal oxides, carbons, Mxenes, etc., and metal-organic frameworks. Additionally, it features up-to-date coverage of advanced supercapacitors such as 3D printing, atomic layer deposition, recycling, quantum, on-chip, shape memory, self-healing, and micro-scale supercapacitors. This book is part of the Handbook of Nanocomposite Supercapacitor Materials. Supercapacitors have emerged as promising devices for electrochemical energy storage, playing an important role in energy harvesting for meeting the current demands of increasing global energy consumption. The handbook covers the materials science and engineering of nanocomposite supercapacitors, ranging from their general characteristics and performance to materials selection, design and construction. Covering both fundamentals and recent developments, this handbook serves a readership encompassing students, professionals and researchers throughout academia and industry, particularly in the fields of materials chemistry, electrochemistry, and energy storage and conversion. It is ideal as a reference work and primary resource for any introductory senior-level undergraduate or beginning graduate course covering supercapacitors.

Download or read book Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing written by Sandeep Rathee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-02-13 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), its variants, processing steps, and the mechanical and microstructural aspects of developed components, along with a logical sequence that provides a ready reference. Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing: Fundamental Sciences and Advances introduces the timeline and history of WAAM. It offers a critical review of WAAM, its variants, processing steps, and the mechanical and microstructural aspects of developed components. The book showcases the methods and practices that need to be followed to synchronise WAAM with other conventional metal additive manufacturing, as well as other conventional techniques. The process steps, equipment, and the different materials used are discussed in detail, along with the various process parameters and their optimisation to counter the challenges and defects. Applications, trends, and case studies are also included in the book. This book, aimed at providing a concrete reference for researchers, academics, and professionals, allows for a thorough understanding of the different concepts and intricacies of WAAM.

Download or read book Additive Manufacturing Applications for Metals and Composites written by Balasubramanian, K.R. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-06-19 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additive manufacturing (AM) of metals and composites using laser energy, direct energy deposition, electron beam methods, and wire arc melting have recently gained importance due to their advantages in fabricating the complex structure. Today, it has become possible to reliably manufacture dense parts with certain AM processes for many materials, including steels, aluminum and titanium alloys, superalloys, metal-based composites, and ceramic matrix composites. In the near future, the AM material variety will most likely grow further, with high-performance materials such as intermetallic compounds and high entropy alloys already under investigation. Additive Manufacturing Applications for Metals and Composites is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on advancing methods and technological developments within additive manufacturing practices. Special attention is paid to the material design of additive manufacturing of parts, the choice of feedstock materials, the metallurgical behavior and synthesis principle during the manufacturing process, and the resulted microstructures and properties, as well as the relationship between these factors. While highlighting topics such as numerical modeling, intermetallic compounds, and statistical techniques, this publication is ideally designed for students, engineers, researchers, manufacturers, technologists, academicians, practitioners, scholars, and educators.

Download or read book Fabrication and Processing of Shape Memory Alloys written by Kush Mehta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-01 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book showcases different processes of fabrication and processing applied to shape memory alloys. It provides details and collective information on working principles, process mechanisms, salient features, novel aspects, process capabilities, properties of material and unique applications of shape memory alloys. The recent progress on fabrication and processing are specially addressed in this book. It covers major topics of manufacturing such as machining, joining, welding and processing of shape memory alloys.

Download or read book Machine Learning in Chemistry written by Hugh M. Cartwright and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2020-07-15 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in the application of machine learning (ML) to the physical and life sciences has been rapid. A decade ago, the method was mainly of interest to those in computer science departments, but more recently ML tools have been developed that show significant potential across wide areas of science. There is a growing consensus that ML software, and related areas of artificial intelligence, may, in due course, become as fundamental to scientific research as computers themselves. Yet a perception remains that ML is obscure or esoteric, that only computer scientists can really understand it, and that few meaningful applications in scientific research exist. This book challenges that view. With contributions from leading research groups, it presents in-depth examples to illustrate how ML can be applied to real chemical problems. Through these examples, the reader can both gain a feel for what ML can and cannot (so far) achieve, and also identify characteristics that might make a problem in physical science amenable to a ML approach. This text is a valuable resource for scientists who are intrigued by the power of machine learning and want to learn more about how it can be applied in their own field.

Download or read book Laser Additive Manufacturing written by Milan Brandt and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-01 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser Additive Manufacturing: Materials, Design, Technologies, and Applications provides the latest information on this highly efficient method of layer-based manufacturing using metals, plastics, or composite materials. The technology is particularly suitable for the production of complex components with high precision for a range of industries, including aerospace, automotive, and medical engineering. This book provides a comprehensive review of the technology and its range of applications. Part One looks at materials suitable for laser AM processes, with Part Two discussing design strategies for AM. Parts Three and Four review the most widely-used AM technique, powder bed fusion (PBF) and discuss other AM techniques, such as directed energy deposition, sheet lamination, jetting techniques, extrusion techniques, and vat photopolymerization. The final section explores the range of applications of laser AM. Provides a comprehensive one-volume overview of advances in laser additive manufacturing Presents detailed coverage of the latest techniques used for laser additive manufacturing Reviews both established and emerging areas of application

Download or read book Cold Spray in the Realm of Additive Manufacturing written by Sunil Pathak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-12 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds light on the development of the cold spray process in applications of additive manufacturing (AM) and repair/remanufacturing engineering. It covers the process fundamentals of different cold spray techniques, namely low pressure cold spray and high pressure cold spray process. Bonding mechanism and powder substrate interface are an important part of the book. The chapters present the recent developments in materials used in cold spraying for AM and various coating applications. The latest research in this area as well as possible avenues of future research are also highlighted as a way to encourage the researchers.

Download or read book Post Processing Techniques for Metal Based Additive Manufacturing written by Hao Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-09-04 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shares insights on post-processing techniques adopted to achieve precision-grade surfaces of additive manufactured metals including material characterization techniques and the identified material properties. Post-processes are discussed from support structure removal and heat treatment to the material removal processes including hybrid manufacturing. Also discussed are case studies on unique applications of additive manufactured metals as an exemplary of the considerations taken during post-processing design and selection. Addresses the critical aspect of post-processing for metal additive manufacturing Provides systematic introduction of pertinent materials Demonstrates post-process technique selection with the enhanced understanding of material characterization methods and evaluation Includes in-depth validation of ultra-precision machining technology Reviews precision fabrication of industrial-grade titanium alloys, steels, and aluminium alloys, with additive manufacturing technology The book is aimed at researchers, professionals, and graduate students in advanced manufacturing, additive manufacturing, machining, and materials processing.

Download or read book Additive Manufacturing written by Amit Bandyopadhyay and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-09-08 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of additive manufacturing has seen explosive growth in recent years due largely in part to renewed interest from the manufacturing sector. Conceptually, additive manufacturing, or industrial 3D printing, is a way to build parts without using any part-specific tooling or dies from the computer-aided design (CAD) file of the part. Today, mo

Download or read book Shape Memory and Superelastic Alloys written by K Yamauchi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-30 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape memory and superelastic alloys possess properties not present in ordinary metals meaning that they can be used for a variety of applications. Shape memory and superelastic alloys: Applications and technologies explores these applications discussing their key features and commercial performance. Readers will gain invaluable information and insight into the current and potential future applications of shape memory alloys.Part one covers the properties and processing of shape memory effect and superelasticity in alloys for practical users with chapters covering the basic characteristics of Ti-Ni-based and Ti-Nb-based shape memory and superelastic (SM/SE) alloys, the development and commercialisation of TiNi and Cu-based alloys, industrial processing and device elements, design of SMA coil springs for actuators before a final overview on the development of SM and SE applications. Part two introduces SMA application technologies with chapters investigating SMAs in electrical applications, hot-water supply, construction and housing, automobiles and railways and aerospace engineering before looking at the properties, processing and applications of Ferrous (Fe)-based SMAs. Part three focuses on the applications of superelastic alloys and explores their functions in the medical, telecommunications, clothing, sports and leisure industries. The appendix briefly describes the history and activity of the Association of Shape Memory Alloys (ASMA).With its distinguished editors and team of expert contributors, Shape memory and superelastic alloys: Applications and technologies is be a valuable reference tool for metallurgists as well as for designers, engineers and students involved in one of the many industries in which shape memory effect and superelasticity are used such as construction, automotive, medical, aerospace, telecommunications, water/heating, clothing, sports and leisure. Explores important applications of shape memory and superelastic alloys discussing their key features and commercial performance Assesses the properties and processing of shape memory effect and superelasticity in alloys for practical users with chapters covering the basic characteristics Introduces SMA application technologies investigating SMAs in electrical applications, hot-water supply, construction and housing, automobiles and railways and aerospace engineering

Download or read book Metal Powder Based Additive Manufacturing written by Kun Zhou and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-05-08 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal Powder—Based Additive Manufacturing Highly comprehensive resource covering all key aspects of the current developments of metal powder—based additive manufacturing Metal Powder—Based Additive Manufacturing provides valuable knowledge and critical insights regarding the recent advances in various metal powder—based additive manufacturing techniques. This book also reviews typical powder preparation processes and highlights the significance of metal powder—based additive manufacturing for various industrial applications. The key features covered in this book: A rigorous overview of the underlying theories and practical applications of metal powder—based additive manufacturing techniques, including laser powder bed fusion, electron beam melting, laser-based directed energy deposition, and metal binder jetting. An expansive introduction of each technique and its significance pertaining to the printing processes, metallurgical defects, powder materials, equipment, and the microstructures and mechanical properties of the printed parts. A deep exploration of the preparation processes of metal powders for additive manufacturing and the effects of different processes on the powder properties. Comprehensive case studies of parts printed by metal powder—based additive manufacturing for various industrial applications. By providing extensive coverage of relevant concepts in the field of metal powder—based additive manufacturing, this book highlights its essential role in Industry 4.0 and serves as a valuable resource for scientists, engineers, and students in materials science, powder metallurgy, physics, and chemistry. The rich research experience of the authors in additive manufacturing ensures that the readers are provided with both an in-depth understanding and informative technical guidance of metal powder—based additive manufacturing.