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Book Oxford Studies  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Oxford Studies Classic Reprint written by John Richard Green and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-04 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Oxford Studies The Oxford Historical Society has always recognized that the idea of its formation was due to John Richard Green, himself a native of Oxford and always deeply interested in the place of his birth and education. The prospect of a reproduction of his Oxford during the Last Century, as one of the volumes issued by the Society, has long been held out as an attraction to subscribing members. The opportunity has now happily arrived for carrying this long cherished intention into effect; and it is hoped that the present volume will serve to keep alive his memory as the true creator of the Society, and will also do something to encourage that interest in the past history of Oxford which he himself felt so strongly. The following brief account of the circumstances under which the papers forming the present volume were produced may be given here by way of introduction. In December, 1858, the proprietors of the Oxford Chronicle issued an advertisement headed Oxford during the Last Century, informing the public that it was 'intended under the above title to commence in the Chronicle, on Saturday, Jan. 1, 1859, in a series of papers to appear weekly, an account of some of the most memorable transactions connected with the City and County of Oxford, which have occurred in the course of the Last Century.' The advertisement concluded with an order-form 'To the Proprietors of the Oxford Chronicle, ' which all new subscribers were invited to sign, if they wished to secure a regular series, 'as no surplus copies of the Papers containing these Mementos of Oxford will be printed.' About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History  Vol  1  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History Vol 1 Classic Reprint written by Paul Vinogradoff and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-20 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History, Vol. 1 The nineteenth century has been called the age of historical study, and the twentieth bids fair to follow its predecessor in this respect. At no previous epoch have men felt more keenly that 'the roots of the present lie deep in the past', and England has had its share in the general movement of European thought in this direction. But, as far as the organization of historical research is concerned, we have still a good deal to learn and to do in England. It is not sufficient that there should every now and then arise exceptionally gifted and equipped leaders, like Grote, Stubbs, Maitland; it is not enough that there should be a widespread interest in history as a branch of literature. We ought to try to co-ordinate research and train researchers; thorough and systematic investigation ought not to be left to chance and to the efforts of self-taught pioneers; the scientific side of history should be brought up to the level of its literary side. How much remains to be done in this respect may be gathered from the fact that there are at present few opportunities for investigators, especially for beginners in research, to publish monographs on their particular subjects. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book The School of English Language and Literature

Download or read book The School of English Language and Literature written by C. H. Firth and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The School of English Language and Literature: A Contribution to the History of Oxford Studies Academic history is a difficult subject, especially recent academic history; yet, since it is part of the history of learning as well as part of the history of institutions, it deserves writing. No part of it repays attention better than the story of the growth of new studies and the gradual introduction of new subjects into the curriculum of our universities. The object of this paper is to trace the introduction of two such subjects into the Oxford curriculum, to inquire into the causes which led to it, and into those which have promoted or retarded their progress since the time when it was first recognized that our own language and literature were proper things for undergraduates to study during their residence in Oxford. To do this it is not enough to start with the foundation of the English School in 1894. It is necessary to go further back and to begin with the time when learned men in the universities began to regard our language and literature as subjects on which it was worth while to spend their life and their labour, and benefactors, either in our own body or without it, began to found chairs and provide endowments for the purpose of encouraging these branches of learning. About 1834 a controversy sprang up in the pages of the Gentleman's Magazine, which began with a discussion of various points of Anglo-Saxon scholarship, and ended with a dispute whether Oxford or Cambridge had contributed most to its progress. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History  Vol  5  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History Vol 5 Classic Reprint written by Ada Elizabeth Levett and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-20 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History, Vol. 5 The part played by the great pestilences of the fourteenth century in the economic evolution of England has given rise to much discussion and has been regarded, at one time, as the principal cause of the crisis in the agrarian history of the Middle Ages: it was supposed to have led to the passage from customary services to agreements based on cash nexus. A reaction against this view became more and more manifest in later years: various writers refused to assign to the Black Death such a catastrophic influence, and thought that its action merely accentuated the general features of a protracted evolution. Miss Levett has approached the subject in the light of a minute and exact investigation of the data provided by the ministerial accounts of the see of Winchester, which range over centuries and present an instructive series of entries for the fateful years of the pestilence as well as for those immediately preceding and following them. The verdict based on this study is emphatically in the negative: as far as the Winchester estates represent average conditions, the accounts do not disclose any abrupt change as to tenure or husbandry. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Oxford and Oxford Life  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Oxford and Oxford Life Classic Reprint written by J. Wells and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-01-02 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Oxford and Oxford Life A second edition of this book appeared in 1898. For this third edition I have myself revised the whole, but have been careful to make no alterations in the chapters originally written by others, except as to matters of definite fact. One chapter, that on Women's Education in Oxford, has been entirely rewritten; this was necessary owing to the rapid developments Of the last twenty years in this department 5 I am fortunate in being able to Obtain the assistance of the leading authority on Women's Education in Oxford, Miss A. M. A. H. Rogers. As this book is largely used in America, it has seemed worth while to print in a short Appendix the main pro visions of the statutes as to Research Degrees and as to Colonial-and Foreign Students. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History  Vol  2  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History Vol 2 Classic Reprint written by Paul Vinogradoff and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-02-07 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History, Vol. 2 The two monographs of the present volume bear on the history of English manorial institutions. Mr. Stenton has examined in detail the evidence as to the different types of manorial structure in the Counties of the Northern Danelaw - York, Derby, Nottingham, Lei cester, Lincoln, and Rutland. Domesday book entries form, of course, his principal material, but he has also used for comparison charters of the anglo-danish period, as far as they were available, and has supplied some valuable observations based on his study of early twelfth-century documents. His results enable us to form a more definite View of the contrasts of terminology, of institutional and of economic development between the region colonized by Danes and the South and West of England, which had arrived by the eleventh century to a much more com plete and uniform arrangement of society on feudal lines. In this way the phenomena of the 'growth of the Manor are presented once more in a strong light. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Oxford After the War a Liberal Education  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Oxford After the War a Liberal Education Classic Reprint written by John Alexander Stewart and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-02-07 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Oxford After the War a Liberal Education I submit that it is under the control of these two propositions, taken singly or together, that all Statutes and Regulations for new courses of study to be introduced at Oxford, with their respective examinations and degrees, and for' the alteration of existing courses, ought to be framed. Some such Statutes and Regulations have already been made, and are being made, by the University in preparation for new con ditions likely, it is thought, to become urgent as soon as Peace comes. It remains to be seen how these particular Statutes and Regula tions will work. I think that the future is still too obscure to warrant preparations which go into detail. I shall therefore content myself with putting forward some general considera tions which, as it seems to me, ought to govern all detail, when the time comes for going into detail - general considerations involving the acceptance of the two propositions which I have placed at the head of this pamphlet. Oxford has hitherto made the imparting of a liberal education her principal concern. Were she to make it less than her principal concern she would break the continuity of her life irreparably, and renounce her claim to a great place in the English-speaking world of the future. As an institution concerned principally with the production of specialists she might hold a respectable place in that world, but certainly would not hold a great place. In order, however, to maintain the continuity of her life in the altered circumstances of the New Age, she must reform her scheme of a liberal education in the sense of assigning a place in it to Natural Science by the side of Humane Letters themselves more broadly conceived. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Oxford and Cambridge

Download or read book Oxford and Cambridge written by Hanslip Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-20 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Oxford and Cambridge: Delineated by Hanslip Fletcher The Sister Universities Ye famous sister Universities, Oxford and Cambridge, whence proceeds your hate? Brothers' rare concord do ye imitate, Each greeting each with mutual injuries? Brothers fall out and quarrell, I confesse, But sisters love; for it becomes you lesse. Why strive ye sisters for antiquity? Cannot your present honour you suffice? Why strive ye sisters for that vanity, Which if ye saw as 'twas, you would despise? You must make love; love is your surest hold; Others must honour you and make you olde. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Oxford and Cambridge

    Book Details:
  • Author : Hanslip Fletcher
  • Publisher : Palala Press
  • Release : 2015-09-17
  • ISBN : 9781342927606
  • Pages : 314 pages

Download or read book Oxford and Cambridge written by Hanslip Fletcher and published by Palala Press. This book was released on 2015-09-17 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Book Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History  Vol  4  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History Vol 4 Classic Reprint written by and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-08 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History, Vol. 4 Mr. Barbour's contribution to the Studies is an attempt to characterize with some precision and detail the functions of the Chancery in the fifteenth century. The court was gradually differentiated from the King's Council, and the writs of Edward III's time calling on persons to appear under penalty of a fine or of imprisonment (subpoena), and other special injunctions, are generally framed in terms which leave it undecided whether proceedings were to be taken by the King's Council, or by the Council under the chairmanship of the Chancellor himself with or without the aid of assessors. By the time of Richard II, however, the personal jurisdiction of the Chancellor had acquired a fairly definite range, and was assuming the aspect of a standing institution. Chancery was not a court of record, but it would be idle to deny that it was none the less a court, in the sense of a tribunal taking cognizance of certain juridical disputes and deciding them by peculiar methods of investigation and procedure. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book The Story of Oxford  Classic Reprint

Download or read book The Story of Oxford Classic Reprint written by Cecil Headlam and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Story of Oxford Even as it is, I have been unavoidably compelled to save space by omitting much that I had written and practically all my refer ences and acknowledgments. Yet, where one has gathered so much honey from other men's flowers not to acknowledge the debt in detail appears discourteous and ungrateful; and not to give chapter and verse jars also upon the historical conscience. I can only say that, very gratefully, J'az' prir 772072 bien oz} je l'ai trozwe', whether in the forty odd volumes of the Oxford His torical Society, the twenty volumes of the College Histories, the accurate and erudite monographs of Dr Rashdall (mediaeval Universities and Sir Henry Maxwell Lyte (history of the University of Oxford to the year or innumerable other works. Where so much has been so well done by others in the way of dealing with periods and sections of my whole subject, my chief business has been to read, mark, digest, and then to arrange my story. But to do that thoroughly has been no light task. Whether it be well done or ill-done, the story now told has the great merit of providing an occasion, excuse was never needed. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book The Oxford Handbook of Sociology and Organization Studies

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Sociology and Organization Studies written by Paul S. Adler and published by Oxford Handbooks Online. This book was released on 2009 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organizations are a defining feature of the modern world, and the study of organizations (Organization Studies) has become well established in both sociology departments and professional schools, most notably business and management schools. Organization Studies has long drawn inspiration from foundational work in sociology. The sociological lens affords depth of insight into the technological, economic, cultural, and political forces that shape organizations from both within and without. In particular, "classical" works in sociology have long energized organizational research, primarily by suggesting ways of making sense of the ever-accelerating pace of social change. In recent decades, however, the field has lost interest in these sociology classics. This trend reflects and reinforces an increasingly academic focus of contempory Organization Studies. Not only does this trend weaken Organization Studies' engagement with the big social issues of our time, but it isolates the field from the broader field of the social sciences. The aim of this Handbook is to re-assert the importance of classical sociology to the future of Organization Studies. Alongside several thematic chapters, the volume includes chapters on each of nearly two dozen major European and American theorists, each of these chapter addressing: (a) the ideas and their context, (b) the impact of these ideas on the field of Organization Studies, and (c) the potential future research these ideas might inspire. The goal is not reverential exegesis, but rather to examine how the classics can energize organizational research. This wide-ranging Handbook, with contributions from leading American and European scholars, will be a vital, informative, and stimulating resource for anybody undertaking research in, teaching, or interested in learning more about Organization Studies today. About the Series Oxford Handbooks in Business & Management bring together the world's leading scholars on the subject to discuss current research and the latest thinking in a range of interrelated topics including Strategy, Organizational Behavior, Public Management, International Business, and many others. Containing completely new essays with extensive referencing to further reading and key ideas, the volumes, in hardback or paperback, serve as both a thorough introduction to a topic and a useful desk reference for scholars and advanced students alike.

Book Oxford Historical and Literary Studies  Vol  11

Download or read book Oxford Historical and Literary Studies Vol 11 written by H. Maynard Smith and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-02-05 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Oxford Historical and Literary Studies, Vol. 11: Issued Under the Direction of C. H. Firth and Walter Raleigh Professors of Modern History and English Literature in the University of Oxford; The Early Life and Education of John Evelyn The existence of these two texts, Bray's and Forster's, gives rise to certain questions which could only be answered satisfactorily by a reference to the ms. Or mss. At Wotton but, while that is impossible, the following evidence may be of value. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Oxford in the Eighteenth Century  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Oxford in the Eighteenth Century Classic Reprint written by A. D. Godley and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-03-08 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Oxford in the Eighteenth Century HE once-established division of history into centuries of the Christian era has, no doubt, its conveniences. But events and characteristics. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book The Romance of the Oxford Colleges  Classic Reprint

Download or read book The Romance of the Oxford Colleges Classic Reprint written by Francis Gribble and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-10 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Romance of the Oxford Colleges This work does not purport to be either a history or a guide book. Of Oxford Guide Books, and of Histories of Oxford, there is already an adequate provision, and there is no dearth of Oxford Reminiscences, or of Studies of Oxford Life and Manners. But there may still be room for a modest volume which, while unscrupulously omitting whatever seems tedious, or of purely local interest, recalls the stories concerning which experience shows the average stranger to be most curious, and answers the questions which the average stranger, when visiting the various colleges, is most apt to ask. The book, indeed, is the outcome of an experience which revealed the nature, and the limits, of that curiosity. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book The Oxford Movement  Classic Reprint

Download or read book The Oxford Movement Classic Reprint written by Mary Juliet Knight and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2016-10-16 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Oxford Movement Many articles have been written about the Oxford Movement, but seldom, if ever, has one been published which covered the subject so thoroughly and with such loving enthusiasm as the ensuing monograph by Mrs. Knight. And such articles are needed articles which a devout Churchman can read at a sitting, and derive therefrom a clear and com prehensive view of the subject. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Oxford Days

Download or read book Oxford Days written by Frederic Edward Weatherly and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-07-17 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Oxford Days: Or, How Ross Got His Degree Oxford days is not shaped on the lines of either Verdant Green or Tom Brown at Oxford. Its purpose, rather, is to furnish a practical guide to all the features Of University life but it has been thought that, by adopting the narrative form, the dry bones Of a handbook may be made. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.