Download or read book Overlearning Reversal in Rats in Spatial Discriminations written by Daniel F. Tortora and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reversal Learning in Rats as a Function of Percentage Reinforcement and Degree of Overlearning written by Albert Erlebacher and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Object and Spatial Reversal Learning in Rats with Prefrontal Cortex Lesions written by Ramona Marie Alcala and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Neurobiology of Spatial Reversal Learning in Weanling Rats written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The experiments reported in this dissertation were designed to examine the neurobiology of T-maze spatial reversal learning in weanling rats. Spatial reversal learning is a robust behavioral paradigm to examine the development of learning and memory in young rats. This model is comparable to models used with adult and developing primates to examine the neuropsychology of learning and memory. Primate and rodent animal models are often used to investigate the cognitive impairments of certain developmental disorders. Children with neurodevelopmental disorders often have deficits in behavioral tests that involve changes in reward contingency, such as reversal learning. Behaviorally, during discrimination reversal training, learning the reversal phase is much more difficult than learning the initial discrimination. The behavioral processes that underlie reversal learning involve learning to suppress the previously reinforced response pattern from the acquisition training phase, while learning the new competing response pattern during the reversal training phase. This thesis tested the hypothesis that successful spatial reversal performance in weaning rats requires the contribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function in several forebrain structures. Experiment 1 (Chapter 6) evaluated spatial reversal learning performance on postnatal day (P) 26 following NMDA-receptor antagonism in the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC). A range of doses of dizocilpine, the compound also referred to as MK-801 (MK), was infused into the dHPC during the reversal phase of training (Reversal Only design). T-maze spatial discrimination reversal training took place in a single day in two experimental sessions, one in the morning and the other in the afternoon. Previous work has demonstrated that systemic administration of MK severely impaired spatial reversal learning performance in weanling rats (Chadman, Watson, & Stanton, 2006). Experiment 1 found that intrahippocampal MK administration dose-dependently impaired spatial reversal learning performance and enhanced response perseveration on the position habit trained in acquisition. These findings confirmed that NMDA-receptor function in the dHPC was necessary for successful spatial reversal learning in weanling rats. The previous systemic MK reversal impairment was specific to the reversal learning phase, did not impair initial learning of the position discrimination, and was not due to state-dependent learning effects (Chadman et al., 2006). Experiment 2 used the same T-maze procedures as Experiment 1, except that MK was administered before both training phases, acquisition only, reversal only, or neither training phase (Reversal Specificity design). The results established that the spatial reversal learning impairment in Experiment 1 was specific to the reversal learning phase, NMDA-receptor antagonism did not impair acquisition of the position habit, nor was the reversal impairment due to state-dependent learning effects. Spatial reversal learning was further examined following NMDA-receptor antagonism in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC, Chapter 7, Experiments 3-4) and dorsomedial striatum (dmSTR, Chapter 8, Experiments 5-6). Experiments 3 and 5 had a similar rationale and predictions as Experiment 1 (Reversal Only design). The results suggested that NMDA-receptor function in both the mPFC and dmSTR are also necessary for successful reversal learning performance in P26 rats. The rationale and predictions of Experiments 4 and 6 were the same as Experiment 2 (Reversal Specificity design). In both brain regions, the learning deficit following intracranial MK administration was specific to the reversal learning phase, initial acquisition performance was spared after NMDA-receptor antagonism, and the impairment during the reversal learning phase was not due to state-dependent learning effects. As a whole, the results of Experiments 1-6 establish that NMDA-receptor function in a variety of forebrain regions is necessary for spatial reversal learning performance in weanling rats. The findings of this dissertation provide a foundation for future lines of research to investigate the developmental psychobiology of reversal learning. These findings also serve to improve the quality of animal models of neurodevelopmental disorders, by expanding the likely neural structures that may be implicated in these disorders.
Download or read book The Effect of Overlearning on the Reversal of Simple and Complex Visual Discriminations in Japanese Quail coturnix Coturnix Japonica written by Jennifer Gray Fidura and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ontogeny of Spatial Discrimination and Reversal Learning in the Mouse written by Emlee C. Kohler and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Facilitation of Discrimination Reversal by Overlearning written by Benjamin Henry Pubols and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Overlearning and Magnitude of Reward on Extinction and Reversal in Discrimination Learning written by Peter Furstenau and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experiment was performed investigating the effect of magnitude of reward and level of acquisition training on extinction performance and reversal performance in a black-white discrimination task. Eighty rats (eight groups) were run with six groups consitituting a 2 x 3 factorial design in which the independent variables were two levels of acquisition training (40 or 100 trials) and three levels of reward magnitude (2, 4 or 8 Noyes pellets). These six groups received first acquisition training, then 60 extinction trials, and finally reversal training to criterion. In addition to these six groups there were two groups who had either 40 or 100 acquisition trials with a reward magnitude of 8 pellets, and then proceded directly to reversal training. The results showed that, compared with nonovertraining, overtraining led to a greater degree of extinction and faster reversal with large reward; with small reward overtraining led to lesser degree of extinction and slower reversal. For large reward magnitude groups, an interpolated extinction period between acquisitions and reversal led to faster reversal learning. An ORE (overlearning reversal effect) was found only in large reward magnitude groups that did not have the interpolated extinction training. These findings indicate that speed of reversal learning is related to the level of extinction of original learning, and that extinction of original learning is an important process in reversal learning. The results tend to support the extinction analysis of the ORE.
Download or read book Response Variability and Discrimination Reversal Learning Following Septal Lesions in Rats written by Christopher Thomas Cherry and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foundations of Learning and Memory written by Roger M. Tarpy and published by Scott Foresman. This book was released on 1978 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map written by John O'Keefe and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1978 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contemporary Learning Theory and Research written by Roger M. Tarpy and published by McGraw-Hill Humanities, Social Sciences & World Languages. This book was released on 1997 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This is a thorough and scholarly discussion of basic learning, primarily drawing from the research on the conditioning of animal subjects. It is written for the sophomore-junior course in learning with general psychology as the only prerequisite. Tarpy's primary orientation is cognitive, stressing the way in which knowledge is represented, information is processed and stored and decisions are made. The second important focus covers the ecological relevance of learning--how basic learning mechanisms process information so that various species may behave more adaptively in their own environmental niche"--Publisher description.
Download or read book The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanisms of Animal Discrimination Learning written by N. S. Sutherland and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanisms of Animal Discrimination Learning provides a review of the field of animal discrimination learning, with discussions into other areas such as generalization, partial reinforcement, and some aspects of comparative psychology. This book elaborates the origins of continuity-noncontinuity controversy, analysis of attentional learning, Lashley and Wade's account of generalization, and evidence for a two-process analysis of the ORE. The reversal and nonreversal shifts, response unit hypothesis, inconsistent reinforcement and extinction of choice behavior, and aims and problems of comparative psychology are likewise described This text likewise covers the Zeaman and House model, Lovejoy's Model III, determinants of generalization gradients, cognitive dissonance hypothesis, and theoretical relevance of comparative psychology. This publication is a good source for biologists and researchers concerned with animal discrimination learning.
Download or read book Animal Discrimination Learning written by Richard M. Gilbert and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1969 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Learning Creating and Using Knowledge written by Joseph D. Novak and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-02-02 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised and updated edition of Learning, Creating, and Using Knowledge recognizes that the future of economic well being in today's knowledge and information society rests upon the effectiveness of schools and corporations to empower their people to be more effective learners and knowledge creators. Novak’s pioneering theory of education presented in the first edition remains viable and useful. This new edition updates his theory for meaningful learning and autonomous knowledge building along with tools to make it operational ─ that is, concept maps, created with the use of CMapTools and the V diagram. The theory is easy to put into practice, since it includes resources to facilitate the process, especially concept maps, now optimised by CMapTools software. CMapTools software is highly intuitive and easy to use. People who have until now been reluctant to use the new technologies in their professional lives are will find this book particularly helpful. Learning, Creating, and Using Knowledge is essential reading for educators at all levels and corporate managers who seek to enhance worker productivity.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 1464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
