Download or read book Output Measurement in Science and Technology written by C. Freeman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Output Measurement in Science and Technology: Essays in Honor of Yvan Fabian focuses on the processes, methodologies, and indicators of the advancement in science and technology. The selection first offers information on a technology gap approach to why growth rates differ and the impact of technological innovation on international trade patterns. Discussions focus on industrial innovation and international trade performance, use of patents in international trade analyses, technology gaps, innovation and economic growth, and economic and technological levels of development. The text then elaborates on a survey of literature on patents and the measurement of technological change and patents as indicators of corporate technological strength, including patents as predictors of financial performance and corporate technological strength, improving the patent information, and patents in the innovation process. The manuscript ponders on an empirical study on patents and inventors and a study of innovation in the pesticide industry. Topics include market demand and environmental concern, quantitative and qualitative analysis of pesticide innovations over time, and a review of innovation in pesticides. The selection is a dependable reference for researchers wanting to study the output measurement in science and technology.
Download or read book Measurement and Statistics on Science and Technology written by Benoit Godin and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an historical examination of official science and technology statistics and indicators in Western countries.
Download or read book The Measurement of Scientific and Technological Activities Frascati Manual 2002 Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-12-11 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The internationally recognized methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications for ...
Download or read book The Measurement of Scientific and Technological Activities Using Patent Data as Science and Technology Indicators Patent Manual written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysts and policy makers have made increasing use of patent indicators to analyse the rate and direction of technological activity. The Patents Manual, issued in 1994, provides information on how patent data can be used as indicators, and also ...
Download or read book The Measurement of Scientific and Technological Activities The Measurement of Scientific and Technical Activities Standard Practice for Surveys of Research and Experimental Development Frascati Manual 1993 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1994-09-01 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Frascati Manual is the basic international source of methodology for collecting and using research and development statistics. This new, fifth edition reflects recent changes in the structure of national science and technology systems and revisions in standard international classifications.
Download or read book Measurement Science for Engineers written by Paul Regtien and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-06-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, from an international authority on the subject, deals with the physical and instrumentation aspects of measurement science, the availability of major measurement tools, and how to use them. This book not only lays out basic concepts of electronic measurement systems, but also provides numerous examples and exercises for the student.·Ideal for courses on instrumentation, control engineering and physics ·Numerous worked examples and student exercises
Download or read book The British Chess Magazine Volume 16 written by Anonymous and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Measurement across the Sciences written by Luca Mari and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-01 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes a conceptual framework for understanding measurement across a broad range of scientific fields and areas of application, such as physics, engineering, education, and psychology. The authors, who themselves span these disciplines, argue that the justification of the public trust attributed to measurement results can in principle apply identically to both physical and psychosocial properties. They further argue that the lack of a common conceptualization of measurement hampers interdisciplinary communication and limits the ability to share knowledge. They advance their views by first surveying the conceptual history of the philosophy of measurement and arguing that classical, operationalist and representational perspectives on measurement each make important contributions but also each have important shortcomings. A synthesis is then offered as the foundation for a new conceptual framework. The authors describe how the framework, which operates as a shared concept system, supports understanding measurement’s work in different domains, using examples in the physical and human sciences. They consider connections and consequences with respect to causality, objectivity, and intersubjectivity, among other topics, and how measurement science concepts and issues are construed across these disciplines and settings. They also address contemporary issues and controversies within measurement in the light of the framework, including operationalism, definitional uncertainty, and the relations between measurement and computation. The book concludes with a justification for the basic claim that measurement is an empirical and informational process that produces explicitly justifiable information. Researchers and academics across a wide range of disciplines including biological, physical, social and behavioral scientists, as well as specialists in measurement and philosophy will appreciate the work’s fresh and provocative approach to the field at a time when sound measurements of complex scientific systems are increasingly essential to solving critical global problems.
Download or read book The Measurement of Scientific and Technological Activities written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Measurement of the Output of R D Activities written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Secretariat and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measuring and Evaluating the Results of Federally Supported Research and Development written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Domestic and International Scientific Planning and Analysis and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Altmetrics for Research Outputs Measurement and Scholarly Information Management written by Mojisola Erdt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Workshop on Altmetrics for Research Outputs Measurements and Scholarly Information Management, AROSIM 2018, held in Singapore, in January 2018. The 7 revised full papers presented together with two keynote papers and one introduction paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 20 submissions. The workshop will investigate how social media based metrics along with traditional and non-traditional metrics can advance the state-of-the-art in measuring research outputs.
Download or read book Reproducibility and Replicability in Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.
Download or read book The Technological Specialization of Advanced Countries written by D. Archibugi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced countries have shown an increasing convergence in their economic performance and technological intensity, with a relative decline of the position of the United States and the emergence of the European and Japanese economies. The Technological Specialization of Advanced Countries moves beyond aggregate patterns and examines the sectoral structure of technological activities, the process of specialization, and the impact on national performance. Indicators of technology and of scientific activity are examined together with other economic and R & D data, providing a wealth of empirical evidence on the activities, and areas of strength and weakness of individual countries. The amount of disaggregated data provided, and the assessment offered on the state of art in science and technology indicators, make The Technological Specialization of Advanced Countries an important reference work. A description of the fields of national effort is provided and a special study is devoted to the fields of greater innovative dynamism where patenting has grown most rapidly. Over time, countries have concentrated their technological efforts in the fields of their greater strength, under the pressure of increasing international competition and the proprietary nature of know how. Conversely, in science there has generally been a decrease in the degree of specialization, with countries entering new fields of research, taking advantage of the open flow of scientific knowledge. For science and technology policy, the findings of The Technological Specialization of Advanced Countries suggest that national efforts should be combined with the growing international integration. The aims of maintaining established areas of strength and of developing new specializations in emerging fields should be balanced, and a more selective policy at the sectoral level is suggested.
Download or read book Science And Technology Indicators For Development written by Hiroko Morita-lou and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current indicators used to measure the impact of science and technology in developing countries have been formulated based on conditions and assumptions that are primarily relevant to developed countries. The contributors to this volume contend that these indicators, when applied to developing countries, often lead to inaccurate conclusions. An
Download or read book OECD Science Technology and Industry Scoreboard 1999 Benchmarking Knowledge based Economies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1999-10-05 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents indicators comparing the performance of science and technology in OECD economies.
Download or read book An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Measurement and Standards Laboratories written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-10-26 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This assessment of the technical quality and relevance of the programs of the Measurement and Standards Laboratories of the National Institute of Standards and Technology is the work of the 165 members of the National Research Council's (NRC's) Board on Assessment of NIST Programs and its panels. These individuals were chosen by the NRC for their technical expertise, their practical experience in running research programs, and their knowledge of industry's needs in basic measurements and standards. This assessment addresses the following: The technical merit of the laboratory programs relative to the state of the art worldwide; The effectiveness with which the laboratory programs are carried out and the results disseminated to their customers; The relevance of the laboratory programs to the needs of their customers; and The ability of the laboratories' facilities, equipment, and human resources to enable the laboratories to fulfill their mission and meet their customers' needs.
