Download or read book Osteoimmunopathology written by Francesco Chiappelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-30 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Osteoimmunology pertains to the study of the relationship between the bones, particularly the bone marrow, and the immune system. This monograph pursues the best available evidence, by means of research synthesis, for the characterization of the physiological relevance and pathological implications of the inter-connectedness between the skeletal and the immune system. Research will be discussed that highlights the associated role of the circulatory, nervous and endocrine systems, as well as proteomic and genomic pathways and signatures. Emphasis is given that domain of medicine that relates to the oral cavity, its diseases and their systemic sequelae. This monograph arises from observations that have suggested that the skeletal system and the immune system are intimately intertwined. Chronic inflammatory reactions subsequent to an excessive immune reaction can damage the bones, as in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis, patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and with signs and symptoms of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and bone cancer. Bones – in particular the bone marrow – are one of the primary locations in which cells of the immune system mature. In brief, this monograph begins to answer a range of questions, such as, what is osteoimmunology all about?, does the immune system and its components affect bone development?, how do stress hormones impact upon the pathophysiology of bone-immune interactions?, can the scientific process of research synthesis, obtain the best available evidence for treatment of diseases involving the bone-immune entity (i.e., osteo immunopathologies) means of evidence-based clinical decision-making directed at the treatment of osteoimmune pathologies?
Download or read book Osteoimmunology written by Yongwon Choi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-05 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Key Regulator of Postnatal Skeletal Remodeling.- Ectodomain Shedding of Receptor Activator of NF-KB Ligand.- The Negative Role Of Ids In Osteoclastogenesis.- Functional Genetic and Genomic Analysis of Modeled Arthritis.- Dexamethsone Suppresses Bone Formation via the Osteoclast.- Immunologic Regulation Of Bone Development.- Pth Regulates The Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche In Bone.- Regulation Of Hematopoietic Stem Cells In The Osteoblastic Niche.- The Chemokine Cxcl12 And Regulation Of Hsc And Lymphocyte Development In The Bone Marrow Niche.- Osteoclast Precursor Cells.- Interaction with estrogen receptors as treatment of arthritis and osteoporosis.- Novel Signaling Pathways And Therapeutic Targets In Osteoclasts.- The Enigmatic Function of TREM-2 in Osteoclastogenesis.- Role of cell-matrix interactions in osteoclast differentiation.- Positive and negative roles of IL-6, STAT3 and SOCS3 in inflammatory arthritis.- Control of Osteoclast activity and bone loss by IKK subunits: new targets for therapy.- Targeting Osteoporosis And Rheumatoid Arthritis By Active Vaccination Against Rankl.- RANKL Inhibition: From Mice to Men (and Women).
Download or read book Osteoimmunology written by Joseph Lorenzo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-09-24 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bone and the immune system are both complex tissues, which, respectively, regulate the skeleton and the body's responses to invading pathogens. Critical interactions between these two organ systems frequently occur, particularly in the development of immune cells in the bone marrow and for the function of bone cells in health and disease. This book provides a detailed overview of the many ways that bone and immune cells interact. The goal is to provide basic and clinical scientists with a better understanding of the role that the immune system and bone play in the development and function of each other so that advances in both fields will be facilitated. The focus of the book will be both on basic pathways and translational science, which will apply basic knowledge to clinical diseases. Chapter content will range from basic descriptions of the various cell systems and their development to the signals that cause them to interact during normal physiology and disease. This is a rapidly developing area that is of interest to a wide spectrum of researchers, students, and fellows in immunology, rheumatology, hematology, and bone biology--all of whom need to develop a more complete understanding of their previously separate disciplines and the mechanisms by which they interact. - Presents a comprehensive, translational source for all aspects of osteoimmunology in one reference work - Experts in bone biology and immunology (from all areas of academic and medical research) take readers from the bench research (cellular and molecular mechanism), through genomic and proteomic analysis, all the way to clinical analysis (histopathology and imaging) and new therapeutic approaches - Clear presentations by bone biologists of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying bone cell development leading to bone and immunological diseases such as Lupus - Clear presentations by immunologists of how immune cells develop and how the immune system plays a role in bone diseases like osteoporosis and arthritis
Download or read book Osteoimmunology written by Joseph Lorenzo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-23 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Osteoimmunology: Interactions of the Immune and Skeletal Systems, Second Edition, explores the advancements that have been made in the field during the last 40 years, including valuable information on our understanding of the interactions between hematopoietic, immune, and bone cells, now known as the field of osteoimmunology. This comprehensive work offers the most extensive summaries of research trends in the field and their translation into new therapeutics. Early chapters deal with the development of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, hematopoietic stem cells, T and B-lymphocytes, and communications between these cellular elements, while later sections contain discussions of the signaling pathways by which RANKL influences osteoclast development and function. Subsequent chapters explore the effects that estrogen has on bone and the immune system, the development of pathologic conditions, and the growing research around osteoporosis, Paget’s disease, the genetics of bone disease, and bone cancer metastasis. Explains the intricate interaction between the immune system and bone Features detailed discussions of the key cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the homeostasis of the individual systems Facilitates greater understanding of osteoimmunologic networks, their environments, and how this understanding leads to better treatments for human diseases involving both systems
Download or read book Updates on Osteoimmunology What s New on the Crosstalk Between Bone and Immune Cells written by Giacomina Brunetti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-03-24 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principles of Osteoimmunology written by Peter Pietschmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully updated and extended second edition provides a comprehensive overview on the basic concepts of the rapidly developing field of osteoimmunology and also offers in-depth insights into the molecular mechanisms of bone diseases. Clinical data is presented and put into context with the latest research findings. This second edition in addition discusses the latest topics in transplantation immunology. The book addresses scientists and physicians working in immunology, pathophysiology and osteology.
Download or read book Osteoimmunology written by Yongwon Choi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has only recently been appreciated that the immune and skeletal systems have major interactions. It is now well documented that osteoclasts, which are important cellular mediators of skeletal homeostasis, are derived from hematopoietic precursors that also give rise to immune cells. In addition, numerous cytokines that were first shown to regulate immune cell function have also been demonstrated to regulate bone cells and influence skeletal health. Conversely, products of bone cells appear critical for the engraftment of marrow in bone, the normal development of the hematopoietic and immune systems and provide niche for long-term memory B and T cells. In the past scientists involved in immune and bone cell investigations have rarely interacted in a significant way as these disciplines have developed independently and, for the most part, remain separate. The conference will bring together leading international scientists from both fields to interact so that new collaboration can develop and more rapid progress in understanding the relationships between these fields can be achieved. Short talks will be selected from abstracts from the international community. This conference will have a format to provide an environment of maximum interaction and interchange through lectures, posters, and open discussion.
Download or read book Recent Advances in Basic and Translational Osteoimmunology written by Rupesh K. Srivastava and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-10 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Osteoimmunology written by Claudine Blin-Wakkach and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-21 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Updates on Osteoimmunology What s New on the Crosstalk Between Bone and Immune Cells written by Giacomina Brunetti and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last twenty years, different discoveries have emphasized the cross-talk between bone and immune cells as well as their common regulatory pathways. Indeed, soluble molecules produced by immune cells modulate the behavior of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Moreover, osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells, originate from the same myeloid precursor cells that differentiated into macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells. Whereas, the bone-forming osteoblastic cells control hematopoietic stem cell niches and thus immune cell ontology. The amplified recognition of the complex relationship between the immune system and bone led to the designation of osteoimmunology field. This Research Topic collects articles that highlight the cross-talk between bone and immune cells,
Download or read book The Role of Tmem178 in Regulation of Osteo immune Activation and Inflammatory Bone Loss written by Corinne Elaine Decker and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathological bone loss in human disease such as arthritis is largely due to excessive osteoclast recruitment as a consequence of localized inflammation. Innate immune cells, namely neutrophils and macrophages, infiltrate the joint space and release pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as proteases to drive local tissue damage and inflammation. Importantly, IL-1 and TNF-[alpha] in particular act on the synovial fibroblasts as well as directly on osteoclast precursors to potently augment osteoclast differentiation and thus bone resorption. Current therapeutics to treat pathological bone loss are widely unsuccessful at targeting both the resorptive and inflammatory components of disease. We have previously demonstrated that phospholipase C gamma-2 (PLC[gamma]2) regulates both the osteoclast and innate immune cell functions. PLC[gamma]2-/- mice are osteopetrotic resulting from defective OC formation and are protected from inflammatory bone loss due to impaired innate immune responses. While PLC[gamma]2 function can be specifically repressed in the osteoclast via SH2 domain targeting, this approach does not block inflammation in vivo. Thus we sought to identify specific downstream targets of PLC[gamma]2 that could regulate both the osteoclast and innate immune responses in arthritis. By a gene array approach, we identified the previously undescribed protein Tmem178 as a novel PLC[gamma]2 effector whose expression is highly induced by RANKL stimulation, integrin-mediated adhesion, and TLR activation in WT but not PLC[gamma]2-/-macrophages. Importantly, Tmem178 expression is confined to macrophages and osteoclasts and not in other bone marrow-derived cells or immune cell types such as T cells. In surprising contrast to the osteopetrotic phenotype of PLC[gamma]2-/- mice, Tmem178-/- mice are osteopenic in basal conditions and are more susceptible to inflammatory bone loss, owing to enhanced osteoclast formation. We also find that Tmem178-null mice succumb faster to endotoxin-induced sepsis due to an increase in inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages. Mechanistically, Tmem178 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane where it interacts with the Ca2+-sensing protein Stim1. In the ER, Tmem178 acts to restrain Ca2+ release, thus controlling activation of the transcription factor NFAT which is central to both osteoclast differentiation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Importantly, downregulation of Tmem178 is observed in human CD14+ monocytes exposed to plasma from systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients. This defective Tmem178 expression correlates with augmented osteoclastogenesis in vitro and erosive disease in vivo, suggesting that Tmem178 may also play a fundamental role in controlling arthritic disease in humans. In sum, this dissertation identifies the first known function of Tmem178 in any cell type and positions Tmem178 as an essential regulatory component in both the inflammatory and erosive arms of pathological bone loss.
Download or read book Osteoimmunology written by Joseph Lorenzo and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Historical Perspective on Evidence Based Immunology written by Edward J. Moticka and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2015-11-25 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Historical Perspective on Evidence-Based Immunology focuses on the results of hypothesis-driven, controlled scientific experiments that have led to the current understanding of immunological principles. The text helps beginning students in biomedical disciplines understand the basis of immunologic knowledge, while also helping more advanced students gain further insights. The book serves as a crucial reference for researchers studying the evolution of ideas and scientific methods, including fundamental insights on immunologic tolerance, interactions of lymphocytes with antigen TCR and BCR, the generation of diversity and mechanism of tolerance of T cells and B cells, the first cytokines, the concept of autoimmunity, the identification of NK cells as a unique cell type, the structure of antibody molecules and identification of Fab and Fc regions, and dendritic cells. - Provides a complete review of the hypothesis-driven, controlled scientific experiments that have led to our current understanding of immunological principles - Explains the types of experiments that were performed and how the interpretation of the experiments altered the understanding of immunology - Presents concepts such as the division of lymphocytes into functionally different populations in their historical context - Includes fundamental insights on immunologic tolerance, interactions of lymphocytes with antigen TCR and BCR, and the generation of diversity and mechanism of tolerance of T and B cells
Download or read book Selected Health Conditions and Likelihood of Improvement with Treatment written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-07-12 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two programs that provide disability benefits: the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. SSDI provides disability benefits to people (under the full retirement age) who are no longer able to work because of a disabling medical condition. SSI provides income assistance for disabled, blind, and aged people who have limited income and resources regardless of their prior participation in the labor force. Both programs share a common disability determination process administered by SSA and state agencies as well as a common definition of disability for adults: "the inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months." Disabled workers might receive either SSDI benefits or SSI payments, or both, depending on their recent work history and current income and assets. Disabled workers might also receive benefits from other public programs such as workers' compensation, which insures against work-related illness or injuries occurring on the job, but those other programs have their own definitions and eligibility criteria. Selected Health Conditions and Likelihood of Improvement with Treatment identifies and defines the professionally accepted, standard measurements of outcomes improvement for medical conditions. This report also identifies specific, long-lasting medical conditions for adults in the categories of mental health disorders, cancers, and musculoskeletal disorders. Specifically, these conditions are disabling for a length of time, but typically don't result in permanently disabling limitations; are responsive to treatment; and after a specific length of time of treatment, improve to the point at which the conditions are no longer disabling.
Download or read book Immunopathology in Toxicology and Drug Development written by George A. Parker and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a fundamental understanding of immunopathology and immunopathologic processes, with particular attention to nonclinical toxicology studies. Chapters provide organ system–based summaries of spontaneous pathology and common responses to xenobiotics. A companion volume, Immunopathology in Toxicology and Drug Development: Volume 1, Immunobiology, Investigative Techniques, and Special Studies, offers an overview of general immunobiology, cells of the immune system, signaling and effector molecules, and immunopathology assays. These informative and strategic books were created in response to the large segment of drug development that focuses on chronic diseases, many of which involve alterations to the immune system. Therapies that target these diseases commonly involve some form of immunomodulation. As a result, the two volumes of Immunopathology in Toxicology and Drug Development are critical texts for individuals involved in diverse aspects of drug development. Readers will acquire a thorough understanding of immunopathology for detection and accurate interpretation of pathologic effects of xenobiotics on the immune system.
Download or read book Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis written by Marinos C. Dalakas and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis provides extensive information regarding Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis (PM/DM), which is described as a heterogeneous disease complex. This book is divided into four sections: Part I (Clinical Features) covers the classification of PM/DM, details of the clinical presentation, and the disease's association with the other connective tissue disorders and malignancies. Part II (Etiology and Mechanisms) covers advances in the immunopathology and viral etiology of PM/DM along with a frequently recognized entity: inclusion body myositis. Part III (Diagnosis and Treatment) covers the histologic, muscle enzyme histochemical, electron microscopic, and resin histology features of PM/DM along with those electromyographic features that could help make a more accurate diagnosis. Part IV (Overview) summarizes the issues that may not have been clear and highlights differing and unsettled views or present available data. This text is directed to clinicians in private practice or in academic institutions concerned with PM/DM patients, including neurologists, rheumatologists, pediatricians, dermatologists, physiatrists, and neuromuscular investigators. This book is intended as well for neuromuscular pathologists who interpret muscle biopsy specimens and electromyographers who perform EMG studies to help determine the clinical diagnosis. Researchers in immunology and immunopathology of neuromuscular diseases will find discussions in this book invaluable.
Download or read book Pathology of Wildlife and Zoo Animals written by Karen A. Terio and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 1424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathology of Wildlife and Zoo Animals is a comprehensive resource that covers the pathology of wildlife and zoo species, including a wide scope of animals, disease types and geographic regions. It is the definitive book for students, biologists, scientists, physicians, veterinary clinicians and pathologists working with non-domestic species in a variety of settings. General chapters include information on performing necropsies, proper techniques to meet the specialized needs of forensic cases, laboratory diagnostics, and an introduction into basic principles of comparative clinical pathology. The taxon-based chapters provide information about disease in related groups of animals and include descriptions of gross and histologic lesions, pathogenesis and diagnostics. For each group of animals, notable, unique gross and microscopic anatomical features are provided to further assist the reader in deciding whether differences from the domestic animal paradigm are "normal." Additional online content, which includes text, images, and whole scanned glass slides of selected conditions, expands the published material resulting in a comprehensive approach to the topic. - 2019 PROSE Awards - Winner: Category: Textbook/Biological and Life Sciences: Association of American Publishers - Presents a single resource for performing necropsies on a variety of taxa, including terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates - Describes notable, unique gross and microscopic anatomical variations among species/taxa to assist in understanding normal features, in particular those that can be mistaken as being abnormal - Provides consistent organization of chapters with descriptions of unique anatomic features, common non-infectious and infectious diseases following brief overviews of the taxonomic group - Contains full-color, high quality illustrations of diseases - Links to a large online library of scanned slides related to topics in the book that illustrate important histologic findings
