Download or read book The Oral Microbiome in an Ecological Perspective written by Egija Zaura and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-07-27 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oral cavity harbors an immense diversity of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoa and viruses. At health, oral microbial community is thought to be in a state of homeostasis, even after numerous perturbations (e.g., toothbrushing, food intake) a day. The breach in this homeostasis can occur for instance if the perturbations become too excessive (e.g., frequent carbohydrate intake leading to acidification of the community) or the host is compromised (e.g., inadequate immune response resulting in persistent inflammation of periodontal tissue). Aggressive antimicrobial therapy (e.g., antibiotics in case of periodontal disease or preventive antibiotic therapy before and after dental extractions) is commonly applied with all the negative consequences of this approach. So far little is known on the interplay between the environmental, host and microbial factors in maintaining an ecological balance. What are the prerequisites for a healthy oral ecosystem? Can we restore an unbalanced oral microbiome? How stable is the oral microbiome through time and how robust it is to external perturbations? Gaining new insights in the ecological factors sustaining oral health will lead to conceptually new therapies and preventive programs. Recent advances in high throughput technologies have brought microbiology as a science to a new era, allowing an open-ended approach instead of focusing on few opportunistic pathogens. With this topic we would like to integrate the current high-throughput ‘omics’ tools such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics or metabolomics with biochemical, physiological, genetic or clinical parameters within the oral microbial ecosystem. We aim to address questions underlying the regulation of the ecological balance in the oral cavity by including the following areas: • Ecology of oral microbiome at health • Ecology of oral microbiome under oral diseases • Ecology of oral microbiome during non-oral diseases • Shifts in the oral microbiome by therapeutic approaches (e.g., antimicrobials, replacement therapy, pre- and probiotics) • Modeling of oral ecological shifts (e.g., animal models, in vitro microcosm models) • Complex inter- and intra-kingdom interactions (e.g., bacterial-fungal-host) related to oral ecology • Environmental (e.g., diet, tobacco), host-related (e.g., immune response, saliva composition and flow) and biotic (e.g., bacterial competition) factors influencing oral ecology • Geographic variation in oral microbial ecology and diversity

Download or read book Oral Microbial Ecology written by Nicholas S. Jakubovics and published by Caister Academic Press Limited. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oral cavity supports a rich and diverse microbial population. Oral health is dependent on the maintenance of stable microbial communities; disease occurs when this balance is disturbed and more pathogenic species outgrow the commensals. Health and disease in the mouth are active processes in which the ecology of communities, not of single organisms, is paramount. In this book, expert contributors from around the world provide an update on recent developments in the burgeoning field of oral microbial ecology. The chapters are arranged into five sections: microbial populations in oral biofilms, the structure of oral biofilms, communication and sensing within biofilms, health to disease, and new approaches for oral biofilm control. The various topics include: population biology * detection and culture of novel oral bacteria * bacterial catabolism of salivary substrates * structural organization of oral biofilms * the extracellular polysaccharides matrix * extracellular proteins and DNA in the matrix * a holistic view of inter-species bacterial interactions * environmental sensory perception * microbial community interactions of Streptococcus mutans * biofilms in periodontal health and disease * oral biofilms as a reservoir for pathogens * oral biofilms as a device for therapeutic agents * probiotics in oral healthcare. The book is an essential text for scientists interested in oral microbiology, bacterial communities, and biofilms. It is also recommended reading for anyone working in the areas of oral health, the pathogenesis of dental caries, and periodontal disease.

Download or read book Oral Microbial Communities written by Paul E. Kolenbrander and published by American Society for Microbiology Press. This book was released on 2011-08-02 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understand how the intricacies of multispecies community life are related to human oral health. * Explores the immense opportunities presented by readily accessible, genetically tractable, genome-sequenced oral species that naturally form multispecies communities. * Highlights model systems that study oral bacterial interactions, including biofilm growth using saliva as the source of nutrition. * Emphasizes the use of genomic inquiry to probe the human oral microbiome.

Download or read book Oral Biofilms written by S. Eick and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2020-12-21 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofilms are highly organized polymicrobial communities that are embedded in an extracellular matrix and formed on natural and artificial surfaces. In the oral cavity, biofilms are formed not only on natural teeth, but also on restorative materials, prosthetic constructions, and dental implants. Oral diseases like caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, and also pulp inflammation are associated with biofilms. This publication is an up-to-date overview on oral biofilms from different clinically relevant perspectives. Experts comprising basic researchers and clinicians report on recent research relating to biofilms - from general summaries to recommendations for daily clinical work. This book covers all aspects of oral biofilms, including models used in the laboratory, biofilms in dental water unit lines, periodontal and peri-implant biofilms, caries-related biofilms, halitosis, endodontic biofilms, and Candida infections, as well as biofilms on dental materials and on orthodontic appliances. Several chapters deal with anti-biofilm therapy, from the efficacy of mechanical methods and the use of antimicrobials, to alternative concepts. This publication is particularly recommended to dental medicine students, practitioners, other oral healthcare professionals, and scientists with an interest in translational research on biofilms.

Download or read book Microbial Biofilms written by Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the book Microbial Biofilms: Importance and applications, eminent scientists provide an up-to-date review of the present and future trends on biofilm-related research. This book is divided with four subdivisions as biofilm fundamentals, applications, health aspects, and their control. Moreover, this book also provides a comprehensive account on microbial interactions in biofilms, pyocyanin, and extracellular DNA in facilitating Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation, atomic force microscopic studies of biofilms, and biofilms in beverage industry. The book comprises a total of 21 chapters from valued contributions from world leading experts in Australia, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Serbia, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, and Turkey. This book may be used as a text or reference for everyone interested in biofilms and their applications. It is also highly recommended for environmental microbiologists, soil scientists, medical microbiologists, bioremediation experts, and microbiologists working in biocorrosion, biofouling, biodegradation, water microbiology, quorum sensing, and many other related areas. Scientists in academia, research laboratories, and industry will also find it of interest.

Download or read book Oral Microbiology written by Philip Marsh and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Oral Microbiology written by P. Marsh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: would also like to thank the following individuals and publishers for granting permission to reproduce data or figures: Alan Dolby (Figure 6.2) and Pauline Handley (Figure 4.5, Table 4.6); American Society for Microbiology (Figure 4.5); Cambridge University Press (Figure 7.3, Table 7.7); Harwood Academic Publishers (Table 4.6); Journal of Dental Research (Tables 6.9 and 6.10); and MTP Press Ltd (Figures 2.6 and 4.2, Table 6.1). Particular thanks also go to our families who have put up with so much during the preparation of this book. P. D. Marsh, Salisbury M. V. Martin, Liverpool Preface to the second edition Oral microbiology forms an important part of the curriculum of dental students while the multidisciplinary nature of the research in this area means that studies of the adherence, metabolism and pathogenicity of oral bacteria are equally relevant to microbiologists. The success of the first edition of Oral Microbiology stems in part from the fact that the book satisfies successfully the needs of both of these groups of students as well as those of general dental practitioners, medical students and senior scientists.

Download or read book Oral Bacterial Ecology written by Howard K. Kuramitsu and published by Horizon Scientific Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at researchers in the field of oral microbial pathogenesis this book reviews in depth the molecular basis of oral pathogenesis and ecology. Leading scientists from around the world have contributed comprehensive and topical reviews on this important area of microbiology. Particular emphasis is placed on recent advances in molecular microbiology and genomics. The book is recommended reading for graduate level courses in oral microbiology, and is an essential reference work for all scientists involved in this important area.

Download or read book The Micro organisms of the Human Mouth written by Willoughby Dayton Miller and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Human Microbial Ecology written by Michael J. Hill and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this comprehensively written volume is to provide a baseline of information on the normal microflora at various sites in the body. It focuses on the mouth, upper digestive tract, large intestine, skin, and urinogenital tract. Written in an easy-to-read format, this book highlights the level of detail available. For example, it explains that in the mouth and colon the data are extremely detailed and good quantitative information is available on large numbers of bacterial species. This work analyzes the similarities and differences between the microfloras of the various "internal" surfaces, and discusses the clear value of good taxonomy. It focuses on problems and extended research in the progress at other sites. Because this work researches the advances and discoveries made in specific areas of human microbial ecology, it is an ideal source for all who are involved in microbiology, bacteriology, and infectious diseases.

Download or read book Microbial Inhabitants of Humans written by Michael Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced textbook provides a unique overview of the microbial communities (normal indigenous microbiota) inhabiting those regions of the human body that are exposed to the external environment, including the skin, eyes, oral cavity and the respiratory, urinary, reproductive and gastrointestinal tracts. In order to understand why particular organisms are able to colonise an anatomical region and why the resulting microbial community has a particular composition, an ecological approach is essential. Consequently, the key anatomical and physiological characteristics of each body site are described throughout the book. The crucial roles of the indigenous microbiota in protecting against exogenous pathogens, regulating the development of our immune system and mucosae, and providing nutrients are also discussed. The involvement of these organisms in infections of healthy and debilitated individuals are discussed throughout and methods of manipulating the composition of the indigenous microbiota for the benefit of human health are also described.

Download or read book Oral Microbiology and Immunology written by Richard J. Lamont and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-08-06 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of oral microbiology has seen fundamental conceptual changes in recent years. Microbial communities are now seen as the fundamental etiological agent in oral diseases through their interface with host inflammatory responses. Study of structured microbial communities has increased our understanding of the roles of each member in the pathogenesis of oral diseases, principles that apply to both periodontitis and dental caries. Against this backdrop, the third edition of Oral Microbiology and Immunology has been substantially expanded and rewritten by an international team of authors and editors. Featured in the current edition are: links between oral infections and systemic disease revised and updated overview of the role of the immune system in oral infections thorough discussions of biofilm development and control more extensive illustrations and Key Points for student understanding Graduate students, researchers, and clinicians as well as students will find this new edition valuable in study and practice. The field of oral microbiology has seen fundamental conceptual changes in recent years. Microbial communities are now seen as the fundamental etiological agent in oral diseases through their interface with host inflammatory responses. Study of structured microbial communities has increased our understanding of the roles of each member in the pathogenesis of oral diseases, principles that apply to both periodontitis and dental caries. Against this backdrop, the third edition of Oral Microbiology and Immunology has been substantially expanded and rewritten by an international team of authors and editors. Featured in the current edition are: links between oral infections and systemic disease revised and updated overview of the role of the immune system in oral infections thorough discussions of biofilm development and control more extensive illustrations and Key Points for student understanding Graduate students, researchers, and clinicians as well as students will find this new edition valuable in study and practice.

Download or read book Oral Microbiology in Periodontitis written by Sonia Bhonchal Bhardwaj and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will serve as a brief yet exhaustive guide to the role of oral microbes in health and disease. It will be useful to dental and medical students and to microbiologists.

Download or read book Bacterial Biofilms written by Sadik Dincer and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-10-07 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines biofilms in nature. Organized into four parts, this book addresses biofilms in wastewater treatment, inhibition of biofilm formation, biofilms and infection, and ecology of biofilms. It is designed for clinicians, researchers, and industry professionals in the fields of microbiology, biotechnology, ecology, and medicine as well as graduate and postgraduate students.

Download or read book Oral Microbiology at a Glance written by Richard J. Lamont and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-03-23 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oral Microbiology At A Glance is a title in the highly popular at a Glance series. It provides a concise and accessible introduction and revision aid. Following the familiar, easy-to-use at a Glance format, each topic is presented as a double-page spread with key facts accompanied by clear diagrams encapsulating essential information. Systematically organized and succinctly delivered, Oral Microbiology At A Glance covers: Oral microbial origins of health or disease Various infections ranging from dental caries, periodontal and endodontic infections to oral mucosal, bone, and systemic infections Local and systemic extensions of oral infections Sterilization, disinfection, infection control methods, and bioterrorism Oral Microbiology At A Glance is the ideal companion for students of microbiology, all students of dentistry, and early career clinicians. In addition the text will provide valuable insight for general dental practitioners wanting to update their knowledge of oral microbiology and immunology, as well as dental hygienists, therapists and technicians.

Download or read book Atlas of Oral Microbiology From Healthy Microflora to Disease written by Xuedong Zhou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-06 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the second edition of Atlas of Oral Microbiology: From Healthy Microflora to Disease (ISBN 978-0-12-802234-4), with two new features: we add about 60 pictures of 14 newly isolated microbes from human dental plaque, at the same time, we re-organize the content of this book and provide more research progress about the oral microbiome bank of China, the invasion of oral microbiota into the gut, and the relationships between Oral Microflora and Human Diseases. This book is keeping up with the advanced edge of the international research field of oral microbiology. It innovatively gives us a complete description of the oral microbial systems according to different oral ecosystems. It collects a large number of oral microbial pictures, including cultural pictures, colonies photos, and electron microscopy photos. It is by far the most abundant oral microbiology atlas consists of the largest number of pictures. In the meantime, it also described in detail a variety of experimental techniques, including microbiological isolation, culture, and identification. It is an atlas with strong practical function. The editors and writers of this book have long been engaged in teaching and research work in oral microbiology and oral microecology. This book deserves a broad audience, and it will meet the needs of researchers, clinicians, teachers, and students major in biology, dental medicine, basic medicine, or clinical medicine. It can also be used to facilitate teaching and international academic exchanges.

Download or read book Advances in Microbial Ecology written by M. Alexander and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are most gratified by the response to the initiation of this series of volumes presenting recent developments and new concepts in microbial ecology. Favorable reactions have been expressed in both oral and written communication, and Ad vances in Microbial Ecology thus seems to be providing a worthwhile outlet in a rapidly growing field of microbiology and environmental sciences. The growing importance of microbial ecology is evident in many ways. Uni versity personnel are expanding their programs and increasing the number of research topics and publications. Substantial numbers of industrial scientists have likewise entered this field as they consider the microbial transformation of chemicals in waters and soils and the effects of synthetic compounds on natural microbial communities. Agricultural, medical, dental, and veterinary practitioners and scientists have also been increasing their activity in microbial ecology because of the importance of the discipline to their own professions. In addition, govern mental agencies have expanded regulatory and research activities concerned with microbial ecology owing to the importance of information and regulations fo cused on the interactions between microorganisms in nature and particular en vironmental stresses.