Download or read book Option Pricing Bounds with Standard Risk Aversion Preferences written by A. Basso and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a theoretical valuation of a financial option, various models have been proposed that require specific hypotheses regarding both the stochastic process driving the price behaviour of the underlying security and market efficiency. When some of these assumptions are removed, we obtain an uncertainty interval for the option price. Up to now, the most restrictive intervals for option prices have been obtained using the DARA rule in a state preference approach.Precautionary saving entails the concept of prudence; in particular, decreasing absolute prudence is a necessary and sufficient condition that guarantees that the saving of wealthier people is less sensitive to the risk associated to future incomes. If this condition is coupled with the decreasing absolute risk aversion assumption we obtain standard risk aversion, which guarantees on the one hand that introducing a zero-mean background risk to wealth makes people less willing to accept another independent risk and on the other hand that an increase in the risk of the returns distribution of an asset reduces the demand for this asset.The main idea of this contribution is to apply decreasing absolute prudence and standard risk aversion rules in a state preference context in order to obtain efficient bounds for the value of European-style options portfolio strategies.Lower and upper bounds for the options portfolio value are obtained by solving non linear optimization problems. The numerical experiments carried out show the efficiency of the technique proposed.

Download or read book Option Pricing Under Decreasing Absolute Risk Aversion written by Kamlesh Mathur and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article establishes bounds on option prices in an economy where the representative investor has non increasing absolute risk aversion. The bounds do not require knowledge of any specific utility parameters, nor do they require specific joint distribution assumptions between the marginal utility of aggregate consumption and the underlying stock price. To drive our results we only require that the expected marginal utility of consumption conditional on the stock price is monotone non increasing in the stock price, and that the marginal distribution of the stock price is given. With this assumption, the lower bound on option prices is given by the solution to a non-linear mathematical program. We identify the general solution of this program. If the underlying process is multinomial, we show that the lower bound is set up as if the representative investor had constant proportional risk aversion. For this case, a risk neutral valuation relationship exists. As a result, the lower bound does not depend on the drift term, nor is it affected by the number of permissible trading periods prior to expiration. Moreover, if the underlying distribution is lognormal, the lower bound is the Black Scholes price. The upper bound on option prices is also identified and its behavior as multiple portfolio opportunities exist is examined.

Download or read book Option Implied Risk Neutral Distributions and Risk Aversion written by Jens Carsten Jackwerth and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Option Bounds from Concurrently Expiring Options When Relative Risk Aversion is Bounded written by James Huang and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we derive option bounds from concurrently expiring option prices assuming the (pricing) representative investor's relative risk aversion is bounded. We show that given n concurrently expiring options, the option bounds are given by pricing kernels that have (n+2)- segmented piecewise constant elasticity. Closed form formulas are presented for the case where the distribution of the stock price is log-normal.

Download or read book Handbook Of Financial Econometrics Mathematics Statistics And Machine Learning In 4 Volumes written by Cheng Few Lee and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 5053 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This four-volume handbook covers important concepts and tools used in the fields of financial econometrics, mathematics, statistics, and machine learning. Econometric methods have been applied in asset pricing, corporate finance, international finance, options and futures, risk management, and in stress testing for financial institutions. This handbook discusses a variety of econometric methods, including single equation multiple regression, simultaneous equation regression, and panel data analysis, among others. It also covers statistical distributions, such as the binomial and log normal distributions, in light of their applications to portfolio theory and asset management in addition to their use in research regarding options and futures contracts.In both theory and methodology, we need to rely upon mathematics, which includes linear algebra, geometry, differential equations, Stochastic differential equation (Ito calculus), optimization, constrained optimization, and others. These forms of mathematics have been used to derive capital market line, security market line (capital asset pricing model), option pricing model, portfolio analysis, and others.In recent times, an increased importance has been given to computer technology in financial research. Different computer languages and programming techniques are important tools for empirical research in finance. Hence, simulation, machine learning, big data, and financial payments are explored in this handbook.Led by Distinguished Professor Cheng Few Lee from Rutgers University, this multi-volume work integrates theoretical, methodological, and practical issues based on his years of academic and industry experience.

Download or read book New Bounds on Real Option Values written by Unyong Pyo and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper constructs narrow bounds around the value of real options embedded in capital budgeting decisions by applying the minimax deviations approach to real options in incomplete markets. While it is straightforward to obtain the unique value of a real option with HARA utility functions, the parameters of risk-aversion are often subject to misspecification and raise concerns for practical uses. Recognizing that investors allow deviation from parameter values related to a benchmark pricing kernel, we derive narrow bounds on a real option price. Comparison with the approaches in the literature clarifies advantages of the minimax bounds: simple, consistent, and efficient.

Download or read book Intermediate Futures And Options An Active Learning Approach written by Cheng Few Lee and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2023-10-16 with total page 1001 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Futures and Options are concerned with the valuation of derivatives and their application to hedging and speculating investments. This book contains 22 chapters and is divided into five parts. Part I contains an overview including a general introduction as well as an introduction to futures, options, swaps, and valuation theories. Part II: Forwards and Futures discusses futures valuation, the futures market, hedging strategies, and various types of futures. Part III: Option Theories and Applications includes both the basic and advanced valuation of options and option strategies in addition to index and currency options. Part IV: Advanced Analyses of Options takes a look at higher level strategies used to quantitatively approach the analysis of options. Part V: Special Topics of Options and Futures covers the applications of more obscure and alternative methods in derivatives as well as the derivation of the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model.This book applies an active interdisciplinary approach to presenting the material; in other words, three projects involving the use of real-world financial data on derivative, in addition to homework assignments, are made available for students in this book.

Download or read book The Effect of Macroeconomic News on Beliefs and Preferences written by Alessandro Beber and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the effect of regularly scheduled macroeconomic announcements on the beliefs and preferences of participants in the U.S. Treasury market by comparing the option-implied state-price density (SPD) of bond prices shortly before and after the announcements. We find that the announcements reduce the uncertainty implicit in the second moment of the SPD regardless of the content of the news. The changes in the higher-order moments, in contrast, depend on whether the news is good or bad for economic prospects. Using a standard model for interest rates to disentangle changes in beliefs and changes in preferences, we demonstrate that our results are consistent with time-varying risk aversion in the spirit of habit formation.

Download or read book A Portfolio Perspective on Option Pricing Anomalies written by Joost Driessen and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We empirically study the economic benefits of giving investors access to index options in the context of the standard asset allocation problem. We analyze both expected-utility and non-expected-utility investors in order to understand who optimally buys and sells in option markets. We solve the portfolio problem with a flexible empirical methodology that does not rely on specific assumptions about the process of the underlying equity index. Using data on Samp;P 500 index options (1987-2001) we consider returns on OTM put options and ATM straddles. CRRA investors find it always optimal to short put options and straddles, regardless of their risk aversion. The option positions are economically and statistically significant and robust to corrections for transaction costs, margin requirements, and Peso problems. Surprisingly, loss-averse and disappointment-averse investors also optimally hold short positions in puts and straddles. Because derivatives are in zero net supply, this suggests that generating empirically relevant option prices in an equilibrium model is a challenging task, even with investor heterogeneity and even with commonly-studied behavioral preferences. Only when loss aversion is combined with highly distorted probability assessments, can we obtain positive portfolio weights for puts and straddles.

Download or read book Stochastic Dominance Option Pricing written by Ioan Mihai Oancea and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines the pricing of options under several models with market incompleteness. The theoretical approach relies on the absence of stochastically dominating portfolios containing the underlying asset, the option and the riskless bond. The stochastic dominance approach provides two bounds on the equilibrium pricing of options by risk-averse investors. The two bounds are discounted conditional expectations of the option payoff under two probability measures. This research generalizes the previous stochastic dominance pricing results in discrete time to non-i.i.d. underlying asset return processes and to contingent claims with non-convex payoffs. The new results are then used to examine the stochastic dominance pricing bounds for several discrete and continuous time processes of the underlying asset. The continuous time bounds are obtained by constructing a sequence of discrete approximations that converge weakly to a given continuous time process. The weak convergence property provides the convergence of the two option bounds, which are discounted expectations of the option payoff. In the case of a univariate diffusion process, the two option bounds converge to a common limit. The two bounds converge to distinct limits when the underlying asset follows a jump-diffusion mixture. The non-iid stochastic dominance pricing results are then applied to the pricing of options for a LARCH specification of the underlying asset returns. The two stochastic dominance bounds are obtained both for conditional normal and non-normal returns. The impact of the model estimation error is examined by generating a return sample from a known model and computing the stochastic dominance bounds implied by several estimated models.

Download or read book DARA and DRRA Option Bounds from Concurrently Expiring Options written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbooks in Operations Research and Management Science Financial Engineering written by John R. Birge and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-11-16 with total page 1026 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The remarkable growth of financial markets over the past decades has been accompanied by an equally remarkable explosion in financial engineering, the interdisciplinary field focusing on applications of mathematical and statistical modeling and computational technology to problems in the financial services industry. The goals of financial engineering research are to develop empirically realistic stochastic models describing dynamics of financial risk variables, such as asset prices, foreign exchange rates, and interest rates, and to develop analytical, computational and statistical methods and tools to implement the models and employ them to design and evaluate financial products and processes to manage risk and to meet financial goals. This handbook describes the latest developments in this rapidly evolving field in the areas of modeling and pricing financial derivatives, building models of interest rates and credit risk, pricing and hedging in incomplete markets, risk management, and portfolio optimization. Leading researchers in each of these areas provide their perspective on the state of the art in terms of analysis, computation, and practical relevance. The authors describe essential results to date, fundamental methods and tools, as well as new views of the existing literature, opportunities, and challenges for future research.

Download or read book Empirical Asset Pricing written by Turan G. Bali and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Bali, Engle, and Murray have produced a highly accessible introduction to the techniques and evidence of modern empirical asset pricing. This book should be read and absorbed by every serious student of the field, academic and professional.” Eugene Fama, Robert R. McCormick Distinguished Service Professor of Finance, University of Chicago and 2013 Nobel Laureate in Economic Sciences “The empirical analysis of the cross-section of stock returns is a monumental achievement of half a century of finance research. Both the established facts and the methods used to discover them have subtle complexities that can mislead casual observers and novice researchers. Bali, Engle, and Murray’s clear and careful guide to these issues provides a firm foundation for future discoveries.” John Campbell, Morton L. and Carole S. Olshan Professor of Economics, Harvard University “Bali, Engle, and Murray provide clear and accessible descriptions of many of the most important empirical techniques and results in asset pricing.” Kenneth R. French, Roth Family Distinguished Professor of Finance, Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College “This exciting new book presents a thorough review of what we know about the cross-section of stock returns. Given its comprehensive nature, systematic approach, and easy-to-understand language, the book is a valuable resource for any introductory PhD class in empirical asset pricing.” Lubos Pastor, Charles P. McQuaid Professor of Finance, University of Chicago Empirical Asset Pricing: The Cross Section of Stock Returns is a comprehensive overview of the most important findings of empirical asset pricing research. The book begins with thorough expositions of the most prevalent econometric techniques with in-depth discussions of the implementation and interpretation of results illustrated through detailed examples. The second half of the book applies these techniques to demonstrate the most salient patterns observed in stock returns. The phenomena documented form the basis for a range of investment strategies as well as the foundations of contemporary empirical asset pricing research. Empirical Asset Pricing: The Cross Section of Stock Returns also includes: Discussions on the driving forces behind the patterns observed in the stock market An extensive set of results that serve as a reference for practitioners and academics alike Numerous references to both contemporary and foundational research articles Empirical Asset Pricing: The Cross Section of Stock Returns is an ideal textbook for graduate-level courses in asset pricing and portfolio management. The book is also an indispensable reference for researchers and practitioners in finance and economics. Turan G. Bali, PhD, is the Robert Parker Chair Professor of Finance in the McDonough School of Business at Georgetown University. The recipient of the 2014 Jack Treynor prize, he is the coauthor of Mathematical Methods for Finance: Tools for Asset and Risk Management, also published by Wiley. Robert F. Engle, PhD, is the Michael Armellino Professor of Finance in the Stern School of Business at New York University. He is the 2003 Nobel Laureate in Economic Sciences, Director of the New York University Stern Volatility Institute, and co-founding President of the Society for Financial Econometrics. Scott Murray, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Finance in the J. Mack Robinson College of Business at Georgia State University. He is the recipient of the 2014 Jack Treynor prize.

Download or read book Numerical Methods in Finance written by L. C. G. Rogers and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-06-26 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerical Methods in Finance describes a wide variety of numerical methods used in financial analysis.

Download or read book Management Science written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues for Feb. 1965-Aug. 1967 include Bulletin of the Institute of Management Sciences.

Download or read book Intertemporal Asset Pricing written by Bernd Meyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the mid-eighties Mehra and Prescott showed that the risk premium earned by American stocks cannot reasonably be explained by conventional capital market models. Using time additive utility, the observed risk pre mium can only be explained by unrealistically high risk aversion parameters. This phenomenon is well known as the equity premium puzzle. Shortly aft erwards it was also observed that the risk-free rate is too low relative to the observed risk premium. This essay is the first one to analyze these puzzles in the German capital market. It starts with a thorough discussion of the available theoretical mod els and then goes on to perform various empirical studies on the German capital market. After discussing natural properties of the pricing kernel by which future cash flows are translated into securities prices, various multi period equilibrium models are investigated for their implied pricing kernels. The starting point is a representative investor who optimizes his invest ment and consumption policy over time. One important implication of time additive utility is the identity of relative risk aversion and the inverse in tertemporal elasticity of substitution. Since this identity is at odds with reality, the essay goes on to discuss recursive preferences which violate the expected utility principle but allow to separate relative risk aversion and intertemporal elasticity of substitution.

Download or read book The Market Revolution and its Limits written by Alan Shipman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-01-22 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Market Revolution and its limits summarises why many economists believe that markets are best. It explores how even 'market failures' can be given market solutions, and asks why market ideas seem to have taken such a firm hold. Non-polemical in its approach, this book provides a comprehensive appraisal of the market and its alternatives, backed up with empirical international illustrations. Shipman concludes that the 'revolution' lies in redefining the market process rather than the market outcome.