Download or read book Optimization of Sludge Waste Removal Flowsheet at SRS Through Incorporation of Testing and In Tank Waste Experience written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Testing of Enhanced Chemical Cleaning of SRS Actual Waste Tank 5F and Tank 12H Sludges written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forty three of the High Level Waste (HLW) tanks at the Savannah River Site (SRS) have internal structures that hinder removal of the last approximately five thousand gallons of waste sludge solely by mechanical means. Chemical cleaning can be utilized to dissolve the sludge heel with oxalic acid (OA) and pump the material to a separate waste tank in preparation for final disposition. This dissolved sludge material is pH adjusted downstream of the dissolution process, precipitating the sludge components along with sodium oxalate solids. The large quantities of sodium oxalate and other metal oxalates formed impact downstream processes by requiring additional washing during sludge batch preparation and increase the amount of material that must be processed in the tank farm evaporator systems and the Saltstone Processing Facility. Enhanced Chemical Cleaning (ECC) was identified as a potential method for greatly reducing the impact of oxalate additions to the SRS Tank Farms without adding additional components to the waste that would extend processing or increase waste form volumes. In support of Savannah River Site (SRS) tank closure efforts, the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) conducted Real Waste Testing (RWT) to evaluate an alternative to the baseline 8 wt. % OA chemical cleaning technology for tank sludge heel removal. The baseline OA technology results in the addition of significant volumes of oxalate salts to the SRS tank farm and there is insufficient space to accommodate the neutralized streams resulting from the treatment of the multiple remaining waste tanks requiring closure. ECC is a promising alternative to bulk OA cleaning, which utilizes a more dilute OA (nominally 2 wt. % at a pH of around 2) and an oxalate destruction technology. The technology is being adapted by AREVA from their decontamination technology for Nuclear Power Plant secondary side scale removal. This report contains results from the SRNL small scale testing of the ECC process using SRS sludge tank sample material. A Task Technical and Quality Assurance Plan (TTQAP) details the experimental plan as outlined by the Technical Task Request (TTR). The TTR identifies that the data produced by this testing and results included in this report will support the technical baseline with portions having a safety class functional classification. The primary goals for SRNL RWT are as follows: (1) to confirm ECC performance with real tank sludge samples, (2) to determine the impact of ECC on fate of actinides and the other sludge metals, and (3) to determine changes, if any, in solids flow and settling behavior.

Download or read book Alternative Chemical Cleaning Methods for High Level Waste Tanks written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solubility testing with actual High Level Waste tank sludge has been conducted in order to evaluate several alternative chemical cleaning technologies for the dissolution of sludge residuals remaining in the tanks after the exhaustion of mechanical cleaning and sludge sluicing efforts. Tests were conducted with archived Savannah River Site (SRS) radioactive sludge solids that had been retrieved from Tank 5F in order to determine the effectiveness of an optimized, dilute oxalic/nitric acid cleaning reagent toward dissolving the bulk non-radioactive waste components. Solubility tests were performed by direct sludge contact with the oxalic/nitric acid reagent and with sludge that had been pretreated and acidified with dilute nitric acid. For comparison purposes, separate samples were also contacted with pure, concentrated oxalic acid following current baseline tank chemical cleaning methods. One goal of testing with the optimized reagent was to compare the total amounts of oxalic acid and water required for sludge dissolution using the baseline and optimized cleaning methods. A second objective was to compare the two methods with regard to the dissolution of actinide species known to be drivers for SRS tank closure Performance Assessments (PA). Additionally, solubility tests were conducted with Tank 5 sludge using acidic and caustic permanganate-based methods focused on the "targeted" dissolution of actinide species.

Download or read book Activated Sludge Technologies for Treating Industrial Wastewaters written by W. Wesley Eckenfelder and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technical information for using activated sludge to treat effluents from multiple industries Covers virtually all traditional and advanced methods, as well as treatability and process modeling New methods for removing U.S. and European regulated microconstituents, trace organics, active pharmaceutical ingredients and other contaminants Explains advances in water reuse and plant retrofitting Useful for in-house training This comprehensive book presents critical information on the applications of activated sludge for treating industrial wastewaters, as well as other effluents that impact POTWs. The book offers details on how advances in activated sludge can be deployed to meet more stringent discharge limits by explaining many novel variations of activated sludge and offering technical guidance on process modeling and optimization. Special attention is given to emerging contaminants and water reuse strategies. Case studies are drawn from the pharma, food and shale gas industries. Based on short courses taught by the authors, as well as hundreds of hours of in-plant consulting, this book offers the tools to understand and modify the activated sludge process for superior and sustainable wastewater treatment. From the Authors' Preface: "After speaking with practitioners, operators and engineers, the authors felt a new text was needed...to cover the following developments: "the continued evolution of the activated sludge process and its numerous designs, configurations and technology developments; "design of industrial water reuse systems...to achieve industry sustainability goals; "changes...from BOD, TSS and nutrient removal to removal of specific organics, toxicity...microconstituents, and more stringent effluent permit limits; "advances in process modeling tools that can be used in combination with treatability testing tools for plant design, optimization and troubleshooting; "concerns over industrial wastewater discharge impacts to POTWs, such as nitrification inhibition, the impact of frac water...and the fate of microconstituents through POTWs."

Download or read book Actual Waste Tests of Enhanced Chemical Cleaning for Retrieval of SRS HLW Sludge Tank Heels and Decomposition of Oxalic Acid written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Savannah River National Laboratory conducted a series of tests on the Enhanced Chemical Cleaning (ECC) process using actual Savannah River Site waste material from Tanks 5F and 12H. Testing involved sludge dissolution with 2 wt% oxalic acid, the decomposition of the oxalates by ozonolysis (with and without the aid of ultraviolet light), the evaporation of water from the product, and tracking the concentrations of key components throughout the process. During ECC actual waste testing, the process was successful in decomposing oxalate to below the target levels without causing substantial physical or chemical changes in the product sludge.

Download or read book Handbook Biological Waste Water Treatment Design and Optimisation of Activated Sludge Systems written by and published by Webshop Wastewater Handbook. This book was released on 2007 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its conception almost a century ago, the activated sludge system has emerged as the dominant waste water treatment technology, with tens of thousands of implementations worldwide. The pivotal role played by the activated sludge system was originally due to its high efficiency in COD- and suspended solids removal, while more recently new processes for the removal of the macro-nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus have easily been accommodated.

Download or read book Return Sludge Flow Control written by Alfred W. West and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pollution Control and Resource Recovery written by Zhao Youcai and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-10-27 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pollution Control and Resource Recovery: Sewage Sludge discusses several traditional and new environmentally friendly technologies for sewage sludge treatment and disposal. In addition, the book covers a range of new initiatives that are underway to promote and accelerate the development of related sciences and techniques. The book's authors builds a framework for developing various sustainable technologies for sewage sludge treatment and disposal, including advanced dewatering through chemical conditioning, solidification/stabilization, reuse for the development of construction and building materials, anaerobic bioenergy recovery, sanitary landfill, and odor control. Explains environmentally friendly technologies for sewage sludge treatment and disposal, including advanced dewatering through chemical conditioning, solidification/stabilization, and anaerobic bioenergy recovery Includes valuable guidelines for engineers to address sludge issues, such as sanitary landfill and odor control Presents new developments and techniques that are on the horizon

Download or read book OPERATIONAL CHALLENGES IN MIXING AND TRANSFER OF HIGH YIELD STRESS SLUDGE WASTE written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to mobilize and transport non-Newtonian waste is essential to advance the closure of highly radioactive storage tanks. Recent waste removal operations from Tank 12H at the Savannah River Site (SRS) encountered sludge mixtures with a yield stress too high to pump. The waste removal equipment for Tank 12H was designed to mobilize and transport a diluted slurry mixture through an underground 550m long (1800 ft) 0.075m diameter (3 inch) pipeline. The transfer pump was positioned in a well casing submerged in the sludge slurry. The design allowed for mobilized sludge to enter the pump suction while keeping out larger tank debris. Data from a similar tank with known rheological properties were used to size the equipment. However, after installation and startup, field data from Tank 12H confirmed the yield stress of the slurry to exceed 40 Pa, whereas the system is designed for 10 Pa. A revision to the removal strategy was required, which involved metered dilution, blending, and mixing to ensure effective and safe transfer performance. The strategy resulted in the removal of over 255,000 kgs of insoluble solids with four discrete transfer evolutions for a total transfer volume of 2400 m3 (634,000 gallons) of sludge slurry.

Download or read book ACTUAL WASTE TESTING OF ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT TO AUGMENT THE ENHANCED CHEMICAL CLEANING OF SRS SLUDGE written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In support of Savannah River Site (SRS) tank closure efforts, the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) conducted Real Waste Testing (RWT) to evaluate Enhanced Chemical Cleaning (ECC), an alternative to the baseline 8 wt% oxalic acid (OA) chemical cleaning technology for tank sludge heel removal. ECC utilizes a more dilute OA solution (2 wt%) and an oxalate destruction technology using ozonolysis with or without the application of ultraviolet (UV) light. SRNL conducted tests of the ECC process using actual SRS waste material from Tanks 5F and 12H. The previous phase of testing involved testing of all phases of the ECC process (sludge dissolution, OA decomposition, product evaporation, and deposition tank storage) but did not involve the use of UV light in OA decomposition. The new phase of testing documented in this report focused on the use of UV light to assist OA decomposition, but involved only the OA decomposition and deposition tank portions of the process. Compared with the previous testing at analogous conditions without UV light, OA decomposition with the use of UV light generally reduced time required to reach the target of

Download or read book Optimization and Design of an Oil Activated Sludge Concentration Process written by T. M. Rosenblatt and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design and Operation of Activated Sludge Processes Using Respirometry written by Alan Rozich and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-02-03 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a thorough overview of respirometry and its scientific and engineering basis. The book describes the fundamentals of biological waste treatment, development of predictive models for system design and operation, and how respirometry fits in with these operations. It also presents case studies, which give you concrete examples of the application of respirometry. This book will help activated sludge process control designers, operators, and managers of biological wastewater treatment facilitieslearn how to improve methods for the analysis of biological wastewater systems, enhance design and treatability projects, optimize and troubleshoot plant operations, and accurately predict the impact of new loads or streams on biological wastewater facilities.

Download or read book Activated Sludge and Nutrient Removal written by Water Environment Federation and published by Manual of Practice. This book was released on 2017-08-09 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated Sludge and Nutrient Removal guides you through selecting an appropriate sludge age, calculating wasting rates, optimizing return activated sludge flow, managing clarifier blankets, and setting DO and ORP set points.

Download or read book Construction and Changes in the Sludge Receipt and Adjustment Tank Glass Apparatus Development Laboratory written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF), at the Savannah River Site is processing and immobilizing the radioactive high level waste sludge slurry at SRS into a durable borosilicate glass for final geological disposal. Each time a new batch of radioactive sludge is to be processed by the DWPF, the process flow sheet is to be tested and demonstrated to ensure an acceptable melter feed and glass can be made. These demonstrations are completed in the Shielded Cells Facility in the Savannah River National Laboratory at SRS.

Download or read book REVIEW OF ALTERNATIVE ENHANCED CHEMICAL CLEANING OPTIONS FOR SRS WASTE TANKS written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A literature review was conducted to support the Task Technical and Quality Assurance Plan for Alternative Enhanced Chemical Cleaning (AECC) for sludge heel removal funded as part of the EM-21 Engineering and Technology program. The goal was to identify potential technologies or enhancements to the baseline oxalic acid cleaning process for chemically dissolving or mobilizing Savannah River Site (SRS) sludge heels. The issues with the potentially large volume of oxalate solids generated from the baseline process have driven an effort to find an improved or enhanced chemical cleaning technology for the tank heels. This literature review builds on a previous review conducted in 2003. A team was charged with evaluating the information in these reviews and developing recommendations of alternative technologies to pursue. The new information in this report supports the conclusion of the previous review that oxalic acid remains the chemical cleaning agent of choice for dissolving the metal oxides and hydroxides found in sludge heels in carbon steel tanks. The potential negative impact of large volumes of sodium oxalate on downstream processes indicates that the amount of oxalic acid used for chemical cleaning needs to be minimized as much as possible or the oxalic acid must be destroyed prior to pH adjustment in the receipt tank. The most straightforward way of minimizing the volume of oxalic acid needed for chemical cleaning is through more effective mechanical cleaning. Using a mineral acid to adjust the pH of the sludge prior to adding oxalic acid may also help to minimize the volume of oxalic acid used in chemical cleaning. If minimization of oxalic acid proves insufficient in reducing the volume of oxalate salts, several methods were found that could be used for oxalic acid destruction. For some waste tank heels, another acid or even caustic treatment (or pretreatment) might be more appropriate than the baseline oxalic acid cleaning process. Caustic treatment of high aluminum sludge heels may be appropriate as a means of reducing oxalic acid usage. Reagents other than oxalic acid may also be needed for removing actinide elements from the tank heels. A systems engineering evaluation (SEE) was performed on the various alternative chemical cleaning reagents and organic oxidation technologies discussed in the literature review. The objective of the evaluation was to develop a short list of chemical cleaning reagents and oxalic acid destruction methods that should be the focus of further research and development. The results of the SEE found that eight of the thirteen organic oxidation technologies scored relatively close together. Six of the chemical cleaning reagents were also recommended for further investigation. Based on the results of the SEE and plan set out in the TTQAP the following broad areas are recommended for future study as part of the AECC task: (1) Basic Chemistry of Sludge Dissolution in Oxalic Acid: A better understanding of the variables effecting dissolution of sludge species is needed to efficiently remove sludge heels while minimizing the use of oxalic acid or other chemical reagents. Tests should investigate the effects of pH, acid concentration, phase ratios, temperature, and kinetics of the dissolution reactions of sludge components with oxalic acid, mineral acids, and combinations of oxalic/mineral acids. Real waste sludge samples should be characterized to obtain additional data on the mineral phases present in sludge heels. (2) Simulant Development Program: Current sludge simulants developed by other programs for use in waste processing tests, while compositionally similar to real sludge waste, generally have more hydrated forms of the major metal phases and dissolve more easily in acids. Better simulants containing the mineral phases identified by real waste characterization should be developed to test chemical cleaning methods. (3) Oxalic Acid Oxidation Technologies: The two Mn based oxidation methods that scored highly in the SEE should be studied to evaluate long term potential. One of the AOP's (UV/O3/Solids Separator) is currently being implemented by the SRS liquid waste organization for use in tank heel chemical cleaning. (4) Corrosion Issues: A program will be needed to address potential corrosion issues from the use of low molarity mineral acids and mixtures of oxalic/mineral acids in the waste tanks for short durations. The addition of corrosion inhibitors to the acids to reduce corrosion rates should be investigated.

Download or read book Replacement of Activated Sludge Secondary Clarifiers by Dynamic Straining written by Michael Joyce and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Activated Sludge written by Wesley Eckenfelder and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-03-11 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, industrial wastewater treatment primarily focused on the removal of BOD and suspended solids. In recent years, however, the focus has changed to aquatic toxicity, priority pollutants, and volatile organics. This required changes in how we design and operate biological treatment plants. Many existing plants must be retrofitted. New approaches to meet new requirements are discussed in detail. The authors, with a combined experience of sixty years, have presented case studies for a wide variety of industrial wastewaters including pulp and paper, food processing, chemical and pharmaceuticals, and textile wastewaters. Data interpretation and process design are developed through the use of seventeen examples. Procedures for the laboratory and pilot plant generation of process design data are presented. Emphasis is placed on meeting the many new regulations governing industrial wastewater discharges.