Download or read book Optimization of Plasma Generators PG and Operational Modes of Plasma Assisted Combustion written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report results from a contract tasking Institute for High Temperature - RAS (IVTAN) as follows: Plasma assisted engine combustion is a newly developed field of basic science that brings together the fields of engine combustion physics and plasma physics. This project is devoted to a fundamental study of optimal regimes of stimulated burning of engine fuel/air mixtures by means of structural, non-equilibrium plasma formations (plasmoids). MTC, IVT RAS has significant experience in this field, and has produced breakthrough experimental results. For the first time, we have obtained stable engine combustion, stimulated by streamer HF discharge of a very poor fuel/air engine mixture (Argon: Propane=9:1), in a gas mixture engine flow. In addition, we have experimental results in gas engine flows of advanced mixtures with plasma formations. We plan to continue our research in the field of plasma assisted engine combustion with non-equilibrium plasmoids. These plasmoids will be created by highly efficient plasma generators (PG) of the following types: PG HF for creation of streamer corona discharge; PG- jet, plasma generator of erosive plasma jet; PG-Comb. Combined discharge could be created by combined PG (PG HF+ PG-jet) in a repetitive pulsed mode, and the main plasma parameters can be changed independently. Electron concentration can be controlled by the PG-jet, and the electron temperature can be controlled by the external HF electric field. The main goals of this work are to study the following: optimal radical generation in an engine fuel/air mixture by plasmoids; stability of the burning of the engine fuel/air mixture in an engine gas flow stimulated by plasma formations; advanced mixtures of engine fuel in an engine gas flow by structural plasmoids.
Download or read book Optimization of Plasma Generators for Plasma assisted Combustion written by A. Klimov and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plasma Assisted Combustion Gasification and Pollution Control written by Igor Matveev and published by . This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a description of different plasma sources especially designed for Plasma Assisted Combustion.
Download or read book Advanced Concepts and Architectures for Plasma Enabled Material Processing written by Oleg O. Baranov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma-based techniques are widely and successfully used across the field of materials processing, advanced nanosynthesis, and nanofabrication. The diversity of currently available processing architectures based on or enhanced by the use of plasmas is vast, and one can easily get lost in the opportunities presented by each of these configurations. This mini-book provides a concise outline of the most important concepts and architectures in plasma-assisted processing of materials, helping the reader navigate through the fundamentals of plasma system selection and optimization. Architectures discussed in this book range from the relatively simple, user-friendly types of plasmas produced using direct current, radio-frequency, microwave, and arc systems, to more sophisticated advanced systems based on incorporating and external substrate architectures, and complex control mechanisms of configured magnetic fields and distributed plasma sources.
Download or read book Study of Internal and External Plasma Assisted Combustion in Supersonic Gas Flow written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Project is devoted to basic study on the field of external and internal plasma assisted combustion. This effort consists of three Tasks: Task #1 is titled "Internal plasma assisted combustion controlled by improved plasma generators in metal channel at conditions similar to Scramjet"; Task #2 is tilted "External plasma combustion experiment in a supersonic flow (Mtilde2, Pst=1 Bar)". This is a study of flow around model F with plasma combustion generator in wind tunnel; Task #3 is tilted "Study of supersonic flow around model E with combined plasma generator (PG Comb= PG HF +E beam)". Here. the main plasma parameters could be changed independently in PG- Comb. Electron concentration will be controlled by E-beam. Electron temperature could be controlled by external HF electric field. The main goals of this work is a study of following: Optimal radical generation in fuel/air mixture and combustion control by non equilibrium plasmoids, Advanced mixture of fuel in gas flow by structural plasmoids.
Download or read book Plasma Assisted Combustion Gasification and Pollution Control written by Igor Matveev and published by . This book was released on 2015-12-14 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume book is one of the first projects of the newly established International Plasma Technology Center (IPTC) and is the first attempt to collect the most valuable contributions to the relatively new field of science named Plasma Assisted Combustion (PAC) from different research groups all over the globe. It provides in Volume 1 a description of different plasma sources especially designed for PAC and, in Volume 2, describes plasma assisted ignition, combustion, and gasification processes that are under development or used industrially. If successful, we plan to publish new editions every three to five years, depending on progress in this field. This book is intended to be used as a textbook at the senior or first-year graduate level by students from all engineering and physical science disciplines, by PhD students, and as a reference source by in-service engineers and other researchers. Basic information on plasma physics and accompanying physical processes important in PAC are contained in Volume 1. Devices, technologies, current state, and future works are covered in Volume 2.
Download or read book Pulsed Plasma Generator Development and Low temperature Plasma assisted Combustion at Atmospheric Pressure written by Mathew Evans and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This thesis presents an experimental study of the engineering and physics of high-voltage nanosecond-pulsed diffuse discharges, and their application to the enhancement of lean-premixed combustion at atmospheric pressure. The technology development in this work is focused on providing appropriate low-temperature radical pools, and the experiments are aimed at demonstrating the effect of these pools for combustion actuation. The experimental results are focused on the explanation of the physical processes associated with these discharges. The discharge propagation and emission spectrum were examined, the distribution functions of particles along internal energy levels were calculated, and the resulting enhancement of combustion was observed. This work shows that the plasma emission from fuel-lean mixtures is primarily composed of high vibrational populations of electronically excited nitrogen molecules, upon which a low-temperature is measured on the rotational manifold. Previous work shows that these low-temperature excited particles will collide with molecular oxygen, or fuel molecules, to produce species (atomic/molecular ground/excited oxygen, fragmented fuel molecules...) that accelerate chain-branching reactions in the combustion reaction mechanism. This work shows that the majority of the electronically excited vibrational states of nitrogen molecules, in a diffuse discharge, decay rapidly after the application of a high-voltage pulse. These findings set the framework for the implementation of diffuse plasma to laboratory-scale combustion enhancement. As an integral part of this work, the design and development of electrical generators that can produce such a reactive medium in large volume is included, and extensively detailed. An inexpensive solid-state pulse generator, based on commercially available amorphous ferromagnetic materials, is designed and developed to drive capacitive loads. The generator is used to produce large volumes of diffuse plasma and increase the blow off velocity of stagnation flames. To further investigate this enhancement, an optically accessible plasma burner is implemented and used for the detailed study of stagnation flame plasma actuation. This work shows that significant actuation can be provided to a flame, when diffuse plasma is placed upstream, and directly in contact with the combustion front. The displacement of the leading edge of a flame, into the fresh unburned mixture, is measured following a high-voltage actuating pulse. The displacement of the leading edge strongly points toward low-temperature reactivity enhancement. The optical and electrical characteristics of the diffuse plasma are reported for both the non-combusting and combusting flows. These provide a more accurate picture of the thermal characteristics and complex phenomena occurring in this transient discharge. Streamer propagation dynamics and coupled energy measurements are reported to provide further insight regarding the delicate balance that exists between plasma and flame sheet in this experimental configuration. It can be concluded that diffuse plasma is an effective low-temperature chemical actuation method for combustion enhancement at atmospheric pressure.To conclude this work, the first step toward high-pressure actuation of combustion with diffuse plasma was explored. The task of producing diffuse plasma above atmospheric pressure was undertaken. This work presents the development of a second solid-state pulse generator with increased power delivery capabilities. The generator is used to produce large volumes of diffuse plasma in a high-pressure vessel filled with air. It is found that diffuse plasma actuation could eventually be implemented in a high-pressure combustion experiment using this technology." --
Download or read book 01 2862 01 2952 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plasma Induced Ignition and Plasma Assisted Combustion in High Speed Flow written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper is dedicated to the experimental demonstration of plasma technology abilities in the field of high speed combustion. It is doing in three principal directions: control of the structure and the parameters of the duct driven flows; the ignition of air fuel composition at low mean gas temperature; and the mixing intensification inflow.
Download or read book Special Issue on Plasma assisted Combustion written by Louis A. Rosocha and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nanosecond Pulsed Plasmas in Dynamic Combustion Environments written by Colin A. Pavan and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma assisted combustion (PAC) is a promising technology for extending combustion operating envelopes with a low energy cost relative to flame power. It has been investigated for use in various situations, particularly those where combustion is being performed near flammability limits imposed by equivalence ratio, residence time, etc. While the fundamental processes allowing plasma to modify combustion dynamics have been well studied, there are still many unresolved questions in determining the relative contribution of different actuation pathways in different situations (thermal enhancement, kinetic enhancement or transport-induced effects) and how the plasma will evolve and interact with the flame in a dynamic combustion environment. The plasmas being used for PAC are typically non-equilibrium and are often produced by the nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge (NRPD) strategy. The development of these discharges is highly dependent both on applied voltage and also on the gas environment (composition, temperature, flow field, etc.). As the plasma affects the combustion, so too does the combustion affect the plasma structure and energy deposition pathways. This two-way coupling means that the plasma's ability to modify the combustion, and the mechanisms by which it achieves these effects, will vary as the environment changes due to combustion dynamics. This impact of the combustion on the plasma has received considerably less attention than the other direction of interaction, especially in environments with transient or propagating flames. The first main objective of this thesis is to explore the development of NRPDs in dynamic combustion environments and in particular how the plasma develops on the timescales of transient combustion (many accumulated pulses). This is performed first in a laminar, mesoscale platform to probe the interaction in detail, and the important insights are later shown to be relevant to high power systems of practical interest. While the impact of the plasma on the flame has been considerably better studied and the fundamental processes are well understood, there are still hurdles that must be overcome before PAC systems can begin to be designed and implemented for use outside of the laboratory. The development of versatile and flexible engineering models of the impact of the plasma will be necessary to allow system designers to make predictions about combustor operation when plasma is applied. The second main objective of this thesis is to develop such an engineering model and demonstrate its predictive capabilities across a variety of configurations. The model is developed for a laminar mesoscale platform and is shown to correctly predict the impact of the plasma in several different configurations, indicating a path forward towards physics[1]informed design of PAC systems. The model also provides important physical insight of the impact of plasma on flame, such as the role of pressure waves in disturbing the flame dynamics, even when considering uniform DBD discharges.
Download or read book Plasma Catalysis written by Annemie Bogaerts and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion written by Dan M. Goebel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-12-22 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout most of the twentieth century, electric propulsion was considered the technology of the future. Now, the future has arrived. This important new book explains the fundamentals of electric propulsion for spacecraft and describes in detail the physics and characteristics of the two major electric thrusters in use today, ion and Hall thrusters. The authors provide an introduction to plasma physics in order to allow readers to understand the models and derivations used in determining electric thruster performance. They then go on to present detailed explanations of: Thruster principles Ion thruster plasma generators and accelerator grids Hollow cathodes Hall thrusters Ion and Hall thruster plumes Flight ion and Hall thrusters Based largely on research and development performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and complemented with scores of tables, figures, homework problems, and references, Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters is an indispensable textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students who are preparing to enter the aerospace industry. It also serves as an equally valuable resource for professional engineers already at work in the field.
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Magnetic Thermonuclear Reactor Design written by Vasilij A. Glukhikh and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-05-21 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Magnetic Thermonuclear Reactor Design is a comprehensive resource on fusion technology and energy systems written by renowned scientists and engineers from the Russian nuclear industry. It brings together a wealth of invaluable experience and knowledge on controlled thermonuclear fusion (CTF) facilities with magnetic plasma confinement – from the first semi-commercial tokamak T-3, to the multi-billion international experimental thermonuclear reactor ITER, now in construction in France. As the INTOR and ITER projects have made an immense contribution in the past few decades, this book focuses on its practical engineering aspects and the basics of technical physics and electrical engineering. Users will gain an understanding of the key ratios between plasma and technical parameters, design streamlining algorithms and engineering solutions. - Written by a team of qualified experts who have been involved in the design of thermonuclear reactors for over 50 years - Outlines the most important features of the ITER project in France which is building the largest tokamak, including the design, material selection, safety and economic considerations - Includes data on how to design magnetic fusion reactors using CAD tools, along with relevant regulatory documents
Download or read book Catalysis written by James J Spivey and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume looks at modern approaches to catalysis and reviews the extensive literature. Chapters highlight application of 2D materials in biomass conversion catalysis, plasmonic photocatalysis, catalytic demonstration of mesoporosity in the hierarchical zeolite and the effect of surface phase oxides on supported metals and catalysis. Looking to the future a chapter on ab initio machine learning for accelerating catalytic materials discovery is included. Appealing broadly to researchers in academia and industry, these illustrative chapters bridge the gap from academic studies in the laboratory to practical applications in industry not only for catalysis field but also for environmental protection. Other chapters with an industrial perspective include heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic routes for vinyl acetate synthesis, catalysis for production of jet fuel from renewable sources by HDO/HDC and microwave-assisted catalysis for fuel conversion. Chemical reactions in ball mills is also explored. The book will be of great benefit to any researcher wanting a succinct reference on developments in this area now and looking to the future.
Download or read book The Mechanism of Combustion written by J. T. Anthony and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
