Download or read book Optimization of Fractured Well Performance of Horizontal Gas Wells written by Fellipe Vieira Magalhães and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In low-permeability gas reservoirs, horizontal wells have been used to increase the reservoir contact area, and hydraulic fracturing has been further extending the contact between wellbores and reservoirs. This thesis presents an approach to evaluate horizontal well performance for fractured or unfractured gas wells and a sensitivity study of gas well performance in a low permeability formation. A newly developed Distributed Volumetric Sources (DVS) method was used to calculate dimensionless productivity index for a defined source in a box-shaped domain. The unique features of the DVS method are that it can be applied to transient flow and pseudo-steady state flow with a smooth transition between the boundary conditions. In this study, I conducted well performance studies by applying the DVS method to typical tight sandstone gas wells in the US basins. The objective is to determine the best practice to produce horizontal gas wells. For fractured wells, well performance of a single fracture and multiple fractures are compared, and the effect of the number of fractures on productivity of the well is presented based on the well productivity. The results from this study show that every basin has a unique ideal set of fracture number and fracture length. Permeability plays an important role on dictating the location and the dimension of the fractures. This study indicated that in order to achieve optimum production, the lower the permeability of the formation, the higher the number of fractures.

Download or read book Optimization of Hydraulic Fracture Stages and Sequencing in Unconventional Formations written by Ahmed Alzahabi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-07-03 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shale gas and/or oil play identification is subject to many screening processes for characteristics such as porosity, permeability, and brittleness. Evaluating shale gas and/or oil reservoirs and identifying potential sweet spots (portions of the reservoir rock that have high-quality kerogen content and brittle rock) requires taking into consideration multiple rock, reservoir, and geological parameters that govern production. The early determination of sweet spots for well site selection and fracturing in shale reservoirs is a challenge for many operators. With this limitation in mind, Optimization of Hydraulic Fracture Stages and Sequencing in Unconventional Formations develops an approach to improve the industry’s ability to evaluate shale gas and oil plays and is structured to lead the reader from general shale oil and gas characteristics to detailed sweet-spot classifications. The approach uses a new candidate selection and evaluation algorithm and screening criteria based on key geomechanical, petrophysical, and geochemical parameters and indices to obtain results consistent with existing shale plays and gain insights on the best development strategies going forward. The work introduces new criteria that accurately guide the development process in unconventional reservoirs in addition to reducing uncertainty and cost.

Download or read book Optimization of Multistage Hydraulic Fracturing Treatment for Maximization of the Tight Gas Productivity written by Mengting Li and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic fracturing is essential technology for the development of unconventional resources such as tight gas. So far, there are no numerical tools which can optimize the whole process from geological modeling, hydraulic fracturing until production simulation with the same 3D model with consideration of the thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling. In this dissertation, a workflow and a numerical tool chain were developed for design and optimization of multistage hydraulic fracturing in horizontal well regarding a maximum productivity of the tight gas wellbore. After the verification a full 3D reservoir model is generated based on a real tight gas field in the North German Basin. Through analysis of simulation results, a new calculation formula of FCD was proposed, which takes the proppant position and concentration into account and can predict the gas production rate more accurately. However, not only FCD but also proppant distribution and hydraulic connection of stimulated fractures to the well, geological structure and the interaction between fractures are determinant for the gas production volume. Through analysis the numerical results of sensitivity analysis and optimization variations, there is no unique criterion to determine the optimal number and spacing of the fractures, it should be analyzed firstly in detail to the actual situation and decided then from case to case.

Download or read book Automated Optimization Strategies for Horizontal Wellbore and Hydraulic Fracture Stages Placement in Unconventional Gas Reseroirs written by Tatyana Plaksina and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decades rapid advances in horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing technologies ensure production of commercial quantities of natural gas from many unconventional reservoirs. Reservoir management and development strategies for shale and tight gas plays have evolved from ad hoc approaches to more rigorous strategies that involve numerical optimization in presence of multiple economic and production objectives and constraints. Application of an automated integrated optimization framework for placement of horizontal wellbores and transverse hydraulic fracture stages along them has potential of increasing shale gas reserves and projects' revenue even further. This dissertation introduces a novel integrated evolutionary-based optimization framework for placement of horizontal wellbores and hydraulic fracture stages that allows enhancing production from shale gas formations and provides a solid foundation for future field-scale application once better understanding of shale petrophysics and geomechanics is developed. The proposed optimization workflow is developed and tested in stages. First, we summarize what has been done in the subject field previously by scholars and identify what is missing. Second, we present assumptions for the shale gas simulation model that make our framework and the simulation model applicable. Third, we pre-screen several economic and petrophysical parameters in order to identify the most significant for the subsequent sensitivities analysis. Forth, we develop evolutionary-based optimization strategy for placement of hydraulic fracture stages along a single horizontal wellbore. We investigate how sensitive the optimization results to changes in the key parameters pre-selected during pre-screening. Fifth, we enhance the framework to handle multiple horizontal producers, discuss the conditions when such approach is applicable, and extensively test this integrated workflow on a suite of simulation runs. Finally, we implement and apply multi-objective optimization approach (the improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm) to the problem of optimal HF stage placement in shale gas reservoirs and analyze the efficiency of our evolutionary-based optimization scheme in presence of multiple conflicting or non-conflicting objectives. Based on our extensive testing and rigorous formulation of the optimization problem, we find that the chosen evolutionary framework is effective in calculating the optimal number of horizontal wells, the number of HF stages, their specific locations along the wells as well as their half-length. We also conclude that further computational efficiency can be achieved if minimum stage spacing and same chromosome elimination procedure are used. The multi-objective approach has been tested on conflicting and non-conflicting objectives and proved to compute the Pareto optimal front of solutions (or production scenarios) in computationally efficient manner. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155086

Download or read book Optimization of Multi fractured Horizontal Gas Wells in Tight Formations written by Bezad Bagherian and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Well Productivity Handbook written by Boyun Guo, PhD and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2019-07-31 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Well Productivity Handbook: Vertical, Fractured, Horizontal, Multilateral, Multi-fractured, and Radial-Fractured Wells, Second Edition delivers updated examples and solutions for oil and gas well management projects. Starting with the estimation of fluid and reservoir properties, the content then discusses the modeling of inflow performance in wells producing different types of fluids. In addition, it describes the principle of well productivity analysis to show how to predict productivity of wells with simple trajectories. Then advancing into more complex trajectories, this new edition demonstrates how to predict productivity for more challenging wells, such as multi-lateral, multi-fractured and radial-fractured. Rounding out with sample problems to solve and future references to pursue, this book continues to give reservoir and production engineers the tools needed to tackle the full spectrum of completion types. Covers the full range of completion projects, from simple to unconventional, including multi-layer and multi-fractured well deliverability Includes practice examples to calculate, future references, and summaries at the end of every chapter Updated throughout, with complex well trajectories, new case studies and essential derivations

Download or read book Computer aided Methodology for the Analysis Design and Optimization of Production from Unconventional Gas Reservoirs written by Srimoyee Bhattacharya and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decade, the production of unconventional natural gas, particularly gas from shale rocks, grew to reach more than 50 percent of the annual U.S. natural gas output. The term unconventional refers to gas contained in rock formations of very low permeability, which makes gas extraction difficult, because - in contrast to conventional resources - gas cannot easily flow through the reservoir rock into a drilled well and travel to the surface. There are two key technologies that have made production from unconventional resources practical: Massive hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling. However, the systematic development of unconventional gas resources entails substantial uncertainty and risk. Therefore, computational tools that mitigate such risk are valuable for economic development of such resources. This research focuses on developing such tools, and is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on a methodology for the analysis of production data from existing wells that can be used for future well planning. The methodology relies on standard principal component analysis (PCA) and regression (PCR), and can help answer questions such as (a) Which wells behave similarly? (b) Which wells behave differently from each other or from standard expectations? (c) What factors contribute to these differences? (d) How can data from existing wells be used to anticipate the performance of new wells? The methodology is illustrated through the analysis of historical production data from twelve wells in the Holly Branch field. The proposed methodology would be even more valuable for larger data sets, for which manual analysis of production data is more cumbersome. The second part addresses the problem of fracture design and optimization, namely, decision making on the optimum number of horizontal wells, the optimum number of transverse fractures per well, fracture dimensions, and the quantity of proppant required per fracture. For this problem, the usual strategy of parametric sensitivity analysis is time consuming and possibly ineffective. The proposed approach accounts for the complex interactions among formation and fracture properties, fracture geometry, production behaviors, design constraints and the objective function. Explicit analytical expressions are developed that can be easily used to implement the proposed methodology on problems in the field.

Download or read book Performance Analysis and Optimization of Well Production in Unconventional Resource Plays written by Baljit Singh Sehbi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Unconventional Resource Plays consisting of the lowest tier of resources (large volumes and most difficult to develop) have been the main focus of US domestic activity during recent times. Horizontal well drilling and hydraulic fracturing completion technology have been primarily responsible for this paradigm shift. The concept of drainage volume is being examined using pressure diffusion along streamlines. We use diffusive time of flight to optimize the number of hydraulic fracture stages in horizontal well application for Tight Gas reservoirs. Numerous field case histories are available in literature for optimizing number of hydraulic fracture stages, although the conclusions are case specific. In contrast, a general method is being presented that can be used to augment field experiments necessary to optimize the number of hydraulic fracture stages. The optimization results for the tight gas example are in line with the results from economic analysis. The fluid flow simulation for Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (NFR) is performed by Dual-Permeability or Dual-Porosity formulations. Microseismic data from Barnett Shale well is used to characterize the hydraulic fracture geometry. Sensitivity analysis, uncertainty assessment, manual & computer assisted history matching are integrated to develop a comprehensive workflow for building reliable reservoir simulation models. We demonstrate that incorporating proper physics of flow is the first step in building reliable reservoir simulation models. Lack of proper physics often leads to unreasonable reservoir parameter estimates. The workflow demonstrates reduced non-uniqueness for the inverse history matching problem. The behavior of near-critical fluids in Liquid Rich Shale plays defies the production behavior observed in conventional reservoir systems. In conventional reservoirs an increased gas-oil ratio is observed as flowing bottom-hole pressure is less than the saturation pressure. The production behavior is examined by building a compositional simulation model on an Eagle Ford well. Extremely high pressure drop along the multiple transverse hydraulic fractures and high critical gas saturation are responsible for this production behavior. Integrating pore-scale flow modeling (such as Lattice Boltzmann) to the field-scale reservoir simulation may enable quantifying the effects of high capillary pressure and phase behavior alteration due to confinement in the nano-pore system. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149482

Download or read book Modeling Performance of Horizontal Wells with Multiple Fractures in Tight Gas Reservoirs written by Guangwei Dong and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple transverse fracturing along a horizontal well is a relatively new technology that is designed to increase well productivity by increasing the contact between the reservoir and the wellbore. For multiple transverse fractures, the performance of the well system is determined by three aspects: the inflow from the reservoir to the fracture, the flow from the fracture to the wellbore, and the inflow from the reservoir to the horizontal wellbore. These three aspects influence each other and combined, influence the wellbore outflow. In this study, we develop a model to effectively formulate the inter-relationships of a multi-fracture system. This model includes a reservoir model and a wellbore model. The reservoir model is established to calculate both independent and inter-fracture productivity index to quantify the contribution from all fractures on pressure drop of each fracture, by using the source functions to solve the single-phase gas reservoir flow model. The wellbore model is used to calculate the pressure distribution along the wellbore and the relationship of pressure between neighboring fractures, based on the basic pressure drop model derived from the mechanical energy balance. A set of equations with exactly the same number of fractures will be formed to model the system by integrating the two models. Because the equations are nonlinear, iteration method is used to solve them. With our integrated reservoir and wellbore model, we conduct a field study to find the best strategy to develop the field by hydraulic fracturing. The influence of reservoir size, horizontal and vertical permeability, well placement, and fracture orientation, type (longitudinal and transverse), number and distribution are completely examined in this study. For any specific field, a rigorous step-by-step procedure is proposed to optimize the field.

Download or read book The Performance of Fractured Horizontal Well in Tight Gas Reservoir written by Jiajing Lin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Horizontal wells have been used to increase reservoir recovery, especially in unconventional reservoirs, and hydraulic fracturing has been applied to further extend the contact with the reservoir to increase the efficiency of development. In the past, many models, analytical or numerical, were developed to describe the flow behavior in horizontal wells with fractures. Source solution is one of the analytical/semi-analytical approaches. To solve fractured well problems, source methods were advanced from point sources to volumetric source, and pressure change inside fractures was considered in the volumetric source method. This study aims at developing a method that can predict horizontal well performance and the model can also be applied to horizontal wells with multiple fractures in complex natural fracture networks. The method solves the problem by superposing a series of slab sources under transient or pseudosteady-state flow conditions. The principle of the method comprises the calculation of semi-analytical response of a rectilinear reservoir with closed outer boundaries. A statistically assigned fracture network is used in the study to represent natural fractures based on the spacing between fractures and fracture geometry. The multiple dominating hydraulic fractures are then added to the natural fracture system to build the physical model of the problem. Each of the hydraulic fractures is connected to the horizontal wellbore, and the natural fractures are connected to the hydraulic fractures through the network description. Each fracture, natural or hydraulically induced, is treated as a series of slab sources. The analytical solution of superposed slab sources provides the base of the approach, and the overall flow from each fracture and the effect between the fractures are modeled by applying superposition principle to all of the fractures. It is assumed that hydraulic fractures are the main fractures that connect with the wellbore and the natural fractures are branching fractures which only connect with the main fractures. The fluid inside of the branch fractures flows into the main fractures, and the fluid of the main fracture from both the reservoir and the branch fractures flows to the wellbore. Predicting well performance in a complex fracture network system is extremely challenged. The statistical nature of natural fracture networks changes the flow characteristic from that of a single linear fracture. Simply using the single fracture model for individual fracture, and then adding the flow from each fracture for the network could introduce significant error. This study provides a semi-analytical approach to estimate well performance in a complex fracture network system.

Download or read book Optimization of the Design of Transverse Hydraulic Fractures in Horizontal Wells Placed in Dual Porosity Tight Gas Reservoirs written by Seyhan Emre Gorucu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Unified Fracture Design written by Michael J. Economides and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Methodologies and New User Interfaces to Optimize Hydraulic Fracturing Design and Evaluate Fracturing Performance for Gas Wells written by Wenxin Wang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents and develops efficient and effective methodologies for optimal hydraulic fracture design and fracture performance evaluation. These methods incorporate algorithms that simultaneously optimize all of the treatment parameters while accounting for required constraints. Damage effects, such as closure stress, gel damage and non-Darcy flow, are also considered in the optimal design and evaluation algorithms. Two user-friendly program modules, which are active server page (ASP) based, were developed to implement the utility of the methodologies. Case analysis was executed to demonstrate the workflow of the two modules. Finally, to validate the results from the two modules, results were compared to those from a 3D simulation program. The main contributions of this work are: An optimal fracture design methodology called unified fracture design (UFD)is presented and damage effects are considered in the optimal design calculation. As a by-product of UFD, a fracture evaluation methodology is proposed to conduct well stimulation performance evaluation. The approach is based on calculating and comparing the actual dimensionless productivity index of fractured wells with the benchmark which has been developed for optimized production. To implement the fracture design and evaluation methods, two web ASP based user interfaces were developed; one is called Frac Design (Screening), and the other is Frac Evaluation. Both modules are built to hold the following features. Friendly web ASP based user interface Minimum user inputo Proppant type and mesh size selection- Damage effects consideration options- Convenient on-line help.

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Field Exploration and Development Conference 2020 written by Jia'en Lin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-17 with total page 3487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 10th International Field Exploration and Development Conference (IFEDC 2020). The proceedings focuses on Reservoir Surveillance and Management, Reservoir Evaluation and Dynamic Description, Reservoir Production Stimulation and EOR, Ultra-Tight Reservoir, Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources Technology, Oil and Gas Well Production Testing, Geomechanics. The conference not only provides a platform to exchanges experience, but also promotes the development of scientific research in oil & gas exploration and production. The main audience for the work includes reservoir engineer, geological engineer, enterprise managers senior engineers as well as professional students.

Download or read book Modern Completion Technology for Oil and Gas Wells written by Ding Zhu and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2018-06-01 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest oil and gas well completion technologies and best practices Increase oil and gas production and maximize revenue generation using the start-to-finish completion procedures contained in this hands-on guide. Written by a pair of energy production experts, Modern Completion Technology for Oil and Gas Wells introduces each technique, shows how it works, and teaches how to deploy it effectively. You will get full explanations of the goals of completion along with detailed examples and case studies that clearly demonstrate how to successfully meet those goals. Modern production methods such as hydraulic fracturing, acid simulation, and intelligent well completions are thoroughly covered. Coverage includes: •Functions and goals of oil and gas well completion •Well completion fundamentals •Completion impact in near-wellbore region to inflow performance •Completions for fracturing •Completions for acid stimulation •Intelligent well completion: downhole monitoring and flow control •Completion designs for production and injection optimization

Download or read book An Introduction to Reservoir Simulation Using MATLAB GNU Octave written by Knut-Andreas Lie and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-08 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents numerical methods for reservoir simulation, with efficient implementation and examples using widely-used online open-source code, for researchers, professionals and advanced students. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Download or read book Analysis of Fracture Fluid Cleanup and Long term Recovery in Shale Gas Reservoirs written by Maxian Seales and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Horizontal wells combined with successful multi-stage hydraulic fracture treatments are currently the most widely applied technology for effectively stimulating and enabling economic development of gas bearing, organic-rich shale formations. Fracture fluid cleanup in the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) is critical to stimulation effectiveness and long-term well performance. However, if the created hydraulic fractures and reinitiated natural fractures are not cleaned up, post-fracture well performance will fall below expectations. Flowback water typically has 10 to 20 times more total dissolved solids (TDS) than the injected fluid. The total dissolved solids in flowback water can be as much 197,000 mg/L; chloride levels alone can be as high as 151,000 mg/L. Effective management of waste water produced from shale gas wells requires a clear understanding of how the volume and composition of this water change over the long term, not only during the flowback period. A systematic study of the factors that hinder fracture cleanup, those that influence the ionic composition of flowback and produced water, and those that enhance gas recovery can help optimize fracture treatments, better quantify long term volumes of produced water and gas, and aid with the management of waste water. To this end, a fully implicit, 3-dimensional, 2-phase, dual-porosity numerical simulator was developed and coupled with a ionic composition model. The research findings have shed light on the factors that substantially affect efficient fracture fluid cleanup and gas recovery in gas shales, and have provided guidelines for improved fracture treatment designs and water management.