Download or read book Optimization of Biofuel Distrubution Networks in the Southwestern United States written by German Reyes and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bio-fuels have gained much attention over the last decade. However, most of the research efforts have been focused on improving the quality and increasing the productivity of bio-fuels, and there have been minimal attempts to develop research on the supply and delivery issues of these sources. We believe that the viability of biofuels is strongly related to the efficiency of the distribution networks. Therefore, in this research we present an optimization model and its application to an infrastructure for bio-fuels distribution network. Unlike other studies on the topic acknowledging the fact that traditional sources of fuel (i.e. petroleum) will not readily disappear from the competitive landscape, we focus on the dynamic nature of how the "new" and "old" energy sources may ultimately co-exist by adjusting their geographic product offerings based on production and transportation costs. To handle the uncertain demands of bio-fuels, we adopt the concept of stochastic programming. The presented model also considers two different modes of transportation with heterogeneous fleet size. The applicability of the optimization model is demonstrated in the case study of Bio-fuels distribution network in the Southwestern United States. The results demonstrate that the model is a practical and flexible tool in solving realistic distribution planning problem of bio-fuels.
Download or read book A Simulation Model for Optimizing Biofuel Distribution Network written by Spyridon Angelis and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research presents a discrete even simulation model to analyze biofuel supply chain and determine the best distribution practices. The increased demand for reducing the amounts of greenhouse gases being expelled into the environment, and the increased demand for reducing the dependency on foreign oil has augmented the US interest in alternative forms of fuels such as biofuels. As our demand for energy continues to increase and the government continues to implement policies to decrease fossil fuel burning, it is foreseeable that the biofuel industry will continue to expand. This will mainly be because biofuel is one of renewable energies that has promising potential to reduce dependency on foreign oil, especially in transportation sector, without replacing the current vehicle fleet. A literature review suggests that the economic viability of biofuels is heavily affected by its logistics. There have been, however minimal attempts to determine the best distribution practices of the biofuel supply chain. In this research, therefore, we present a simple yet practical approach that employs a valid and credible simulation modeling to handle this issue. We considered a finite number of possible future scenarios, which can deal with disruptions caused by unexpected and rare events. The applicability of the proposed model was demonstrated in the case study of the state of Nevada in the United States. The results demonstrate that the proposed model is a practical and flexible tool in analyzing realistic biofuel distribution. We believe that the proposed simulation model will serve as an effective decision support tool in the logistics operations of the biofuel industry.
Download or read book 23 European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering written by Mingyen Yu and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-06-10 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable energy, especially biofuels, is seen as a viable solution to replace fossil fuels. Tighter environmental regulations have encouraged countries to develop strategic approaches to utilize alternative resources and new technologies. In retrospect, the performances of supply chains (SCs) are important from economic and environmental perspectives. Current research mainly focuses on the optimization of biofuel SCs in terms of economics, and distribution networks for other products and markets. There has been less work addressing the design of the distribution network for biofuel SC, in centralised/decentralised distribution, covering financial and environmental aspects. In this paper, we propose the optimization framework for biofuel SC with respect to the type of distribution network, and geographical locations of the facilities. Our research focuses on finding the optimal locations of the biofuel plant, considering biomass dispersions and customer locations based on candidate points. We also investigate the effects of using different transportation modes and the environmental effects on the type of distribution network used. A case study of a lignocellulosic plant distributing ethanol to its customers in various cities within UK has been used to validate the above framework. The result shows that the total distances of travel, as well as the unit transportation cost dominate the strategic application of either a centralised or decentralised distribution network. The concept presented in this research can be applied to other distribution design cases in various geographical locations and countries.
Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Optimization of Advanced Biofuel Supply Chains in the United States written by Mohamed Laila and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Biofuels are one of the promising energy alternatives to reduce fossil fuel consumption and combat climate change. Growing civilian and military interest in acquiring cost competitive biofuels have inspired research to develop models that optimize their supply chains. Such models are constrained by several factors, namely the time-consuming data collection and processing, the complexity of formulating a mathematical optimization model, the need to use proprietary solvers, and the requirement for computational resources. To overcome these hurdles, researchers proposed the development of integrated platforms that streamline these activities and increase accessibility to the required algorithms and hardware. Hence, the objectives of this thesis were to 1) formulate deterministic and stochastic mathematical optimization models to optimize biofuel supply chains in a spatially and temporally explicit manner, and test their resilience under uncertainty, 2) design a web-based platform that integrates the proposed model with Application Program Interfaces and publicly available databases to construct user-defined case studies and solve optimization problems on third-party cloud servers, and 3) demonstrate the suitability of the integrated platform to generate military biofuel supply chains in several case studies from the Pacific region of the United States. The integrated platform is called the Biofuel supply chain Geospatial and Temporal Optimizer (BioGeSTO). The first version of BioGeSTO included a deterministic, spatial and temporal explicit, Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model that accounts for improvements in conversion yields due to technology learning and account for future oil prices. The model was applied to a case study in California between 2020 and 2040 to determine whether direct financial incentives, provided to conversion facilities, expedited the development of the military biofuel supply chain for three oil price scenarios. It was concluded that direct financial incentives will have little or no effect on the development of the supply chain. The second version of BioGeSTO expanded the platform to include a stochastic MILP that was used to evaluate the impact of uncertainty pertaining to the availability and cost of biomass, and oil prices on the same supply chain. The supply chain had approximately 65% chance of emerging under these scenarios. I found that a Hydrotreatment of Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) facility dedicated to processing camelina oil (obtained from agricultural land in central California, where it is grown in rotation with wheat) could be introduced between 2020 and 2027 as a reliable and financially feasible option for military biofuels supply in the state. The final version of BioGeSTO, which included an interactive web interface, was used to determine how carbon pricing affected the military biofuel supply chain in the Pacific states of California, Oregon, and Washington. Introducing a carbon price improved the net present value and total cumulative production of the military biofuel supply chain under several oil price scenarios. Overall, BioGeSTO, an integrated platform for modelling and optimizing biofuel supply chain, is a suitable tool for researchers and decision makers to evaluate their case studies. It can be used to test the impact of introducing new policy schemes, technologies, or uncertainties on the design and performance of civilian and military biofuel supply chains. In future research projects, BioGeSTO can be expanded to include tactical and operational decisions (shorter time scales), while user defined heuristics may be added to accelerate the solution times of optimization problems." --
Download or read book Biomass and Biofuels written by Shibu Jose and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-04-22 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-held tenets of the energy sector are being rewritten in the twenty-first century. The rise of unconventional oil and gas and of renewables is transforming our economies and improving our understanding of the distribution of the world's energy resources and their impacts. A complete knowledge of the dynamics underpinning energy markets is n
Download or read book Handbook of Bioenergy written by Sandra D. Eksioglu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-11 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook brings together recent advances in the areas of supply chain optimization, supply chain management, and life-cycle cost analysis of bioenergy. These topics are important for the development and long-term sustainability of the bioenergy industry. The increasing interest in bioenergy has been motivated by its potential to become a key future energy source. The opportunities and challenges that this industry has been facing have been the motivation for a number of optimization-related works on bioenergy. Practitioners and academicians agree that the two major barriers of further investments in this industry are biomass supply uncertainty and costs. The goal of this handbook is to present several cutting-edge developments and tools to help the industry overcome these supply chain and economic challenges. Case studies highlighting the problems faced by investors in the US and Europe illustrate the impact of certain tools in making bioenergy an economically viable energy option.
Download or read book Energy Systems and Environment written by Pavel Tsvetkov and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at environmental aspects of energy technologies, from common traditional sources in use, new sources, and emerging sources and technologies. The objective of this book is to serve as a one-stop comprehensive information resource on energy and environment topics, from energy science to energy engineering to energy politics. Starting with science and technology topics we link them to economics and politics showcasing interconnections between energy sources, energy utilization, energy conversion, and sustainability under the common theme of energy and environment. The book achieves its objective by offering and integrating deeply technical and socioeconomics papers together on energy and environment topics.
Download or read book Coordinated Operation and Planning of Modern Heat and Electricity Incorporated Networks written by Mohammadreza Daneshvar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-12-08 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coordinated Operation and Planning of Modern Heat and Electricity Incorporated Networks A practical resource presenting the fundamental technologies and solutions for real-world problems in modern heat and electricity incorporated networks (MHEINs) Coordinated Operation and Planning of Modern Heat and Electricity Incorporated Networks covers the foundations of multi-carrier energy networks (MCENs), highlights potential technologies and multi-energy systems in this area, and discusses requirements for coordinated operation and planning of heat and electricity hybrid networks. The book not only covers the coordinated operation of heat and electricity networks (HENs) but also supports the planning of HENs to provide more clarity regarding HENs’ presence in the future modern MCENs. The first part of Coordinated Operation and Planning of Modern Heat and Electricity Incorporated Networks provides a conceptual introduction with more emphasis on definition, structure, features, and challenges of the one and multidimensional energy networks as well as optimal operation and planning of the MHEINs. The second part of the book covers potential technologies and systems for energy production, communication, transmission and distribution, hybrid energy generation, and more. The third and fourth parts of the book investigate the optimal coordinated operation and planning of the MHEINs. Topics covered in the book also include: Considerations of hybrid energy storage systems, business models, hybrid transitional energy markets, and decision-making plans Requirements for switching from the traditional independent energy networks to modern interdependent energy grids The key role of multi-carrier energy systems in the optimal integration of modern heat and electricity incorporated networks Technical and theoretical analysis of the coordinated operation and planning of the modern heat and electricity incorporated networks, especially in terms of hybrid energy storage systems Coordinated Operation and Planning of Modern Heat and Electricity Incorporated Networks is an invaluable resource and authoritative reference for the researchers and the system engineers focusing on advanced methods for deployment of state of art technologies in the modern structure of the multi-carrier energy networks.
Download or read book Renewable Fuel Standard written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-01-29 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, we have come to depend on plentiful and inexpensive energy to support our economy and lifestyles. In recent years, many questions have been raised regarding the sustainability of our current pattern of high consumption of nonrenewable energy and its environmental consequences. Further, because the United States imports about 55 percent of the nation's consumption of crude oil, there are additional concerns about the security of supply. Hence, efforts are being made to find alternatives to our current pathway, including greater energy efficiency and use of energy sources that could lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions such as nuclear and renewable sources, including solar, wind, geothermal, and biofuels. The United States has a long history with biofuels and the nation is on a course charted to achieve a substantial increase in biofuels. Renewable Fuel Standard evaluates the economic and environmental consequences of increasing biofuels production as a result of Renewable Fuels Standard, as amended by EISA (RFS2). The report describes biofuels produced in 2010 and those projected to be produced and consumed by 2022, reviews model projections and other estimates of the relative impact on the prices of land, and discusses the potential environmental harm and benefits of biofuels production and the barriers to achieving the RFS2 consumption mandate. Policy makers, investors, leaders in the transportation sector, and others with concerns for the environment, economy, and energy security can rely on the recommendations provided in this report.
Download or read book 19th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering written by Jacek Jezowski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-06-12 with total page 1341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 19th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering contains papers presented at the 19th European Symposium of Computer Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE 19) held in Cracow, Poland, June 14-17, 2009.The ESCAPE series serves as a forum for scientists and engineers from academia and industry to discuss progress achieved in the area of CAPE. * CD-ROM that accompanies the book contains all research papers and contributions * International in scope with guest speeches and keynote talks from leaders in science and industry * Presents papers covering the latest research, key top areas and developments in computer aided process engineering (CAPE)
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 890 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sustainable Development of Algal Biofuels in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-01-18 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuels made from algae are gaining attention as a domestic source of renewable fuel. However, with current technologies, scaling up production of algal biofuels to meet even 5 percent of U.S. transportation fuel needs could create unsustainable demands for energy, water, and nutrient resources. Continued research and development could yield innovations to address these challenges, but determining if algal biofuel is a viable fuel alternative will involve comparing the environmental, economic and social impacts of algal biofuel production and use to those associated with petroleum-based fuels and other fuel sources. Sustainable Development of Algal Biofuels was produced at the request of the U.S. Department of Energy.
Download or read book Managing Agricultural Greenhouse Gases written by Mark Liebig and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-06-08 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2002, the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) developed a coordinated national research effort called GRACEnet (Greenhouse gas Reduction through Agricultural Carbon Enhancement network) to provide information on the soil C status and GHG emission of current agricultural practices, and to develop new management practices to reduce net GHG emission and increase soil C sequestration primarily from soil management. Managing Agricultural Greenhouse Gases synthesizes the wealth of information generated from the GRACEnet project in over 30 ARS locations throughout the US and in numerous peer-reviewed articles. Although GRACEnet is an ARS project, contributors to this work include a variety of backgrounds and reported findings have important international applications. For example, many parts of the world possess similar ecoregions to the U.S. (e.g., northern Great Plains is similar to the Argentina Pampas and Ukraine Steppe).
Download or read book Biofuels and Biorefining written by Claudia Gutierrez-Antonio and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-05-27 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuels and Biorefining: Volume Two: Intensified Processes and Biorefineries considers intensification and optimization processes for biofuels and biomass-derived products in single and biorefinery schemes. Chapters cover production processes for liquid biofuels, introducing all feasible intensification alternatives for each process, process intensification methods for the production of value-added products, the importance of detailed CFD-based studies, controllability studies, strategies for risk analysis in intensified processes, the concept of biorefinery for the co-production of biofuels/biomass derived value-added products, and the importance of process intensification in the biorefinery scheme. Final chapters discuss how to ensure the sustainability of the intensified process and minimize the societal impact of biorefineries through various strategies, including supply chain optimization and lifecycle analysis. Each chapter is supported by industry case studies that address key aspects and impacts of intensification and optimization processes. Integrates basic concepts of process intensification and its application to the production of biofuels in a single resource Includes case studies related to modeling, safety, control, supply chain, lifecycle analysis, and the CFD of biofuel production processes Provides a sustainability assessment of biorefinery systems from a lifecycle perspective
Download or read book Handbook of Bioenergy Economics and Policy written by Madhu Khanna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerns about energy security, uncertainty about oil prices, declining oil reserves, and global climate change are fueling a shift towards bioenergy as a renewable alternative to fossil fuels. Public policies and private investments around the globe are aiming to increase local capacity to produce biofuels. A key constraint to the expansion of biofuel production is the limited amount of land available to meet the needs for fuel, feed, and food in the coming decades. Large-scale biofuel production raises concerns about food versus fuel tradeoffs, about demands for natural resources such as water, and about potential impacts on environmental quality. The book is organized into five parts. The introductory part provides a context for the emerging economic and policy challenges related to bioenergy and the motivations for biofuels as an energy source. The second part of the handbook includes chapters that examine the implications of expanded production of first generation biofuels for the allocation of land between food and fuel and for food/feed prices and trade in biofuels as well as the potential for technology improvements to mitigate the food vs. fuel competition for land. Chapters in the third part examine the infrastructural and logistical challenges posed by large scale biofuel production and the factors that will influence the location of biorefineries and the mix of feedstocks they use. The fourth part includes chapters that examine the environmental implications of biofuels, their implications for the design of policies and the unintended environmental consequences of existing biofuel policies. The final part presents economic analysis of the market, social welfare, and distributional effects of biofuel policies.
Download or read book Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States written by United States. Congress. House and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 1064 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some vols. include supplemental journals of "such proceedings of the sessions, as, during the time they were depending, were ordered to be kept secret, and respecting which the injunction of secrecy was afterwards taken off by the order of the House."
Download or read book America s Energy Future written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-01-15 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For multi-user PDF licensing, please contact customer service. Energy touches our lives in countless ways and its costs are felt when we fill up at the gas pump, pay our home heating bills, and keep businesses both large and small running. There are long-term costs as well: to the environment, as natural resources are depleted and pollution contributes to global climate change, and to national security and independence, as many of the world's current energy sources are increasingly concentrated in geopolitically unstable regions. The country's challenge is to develop an energy portfolio that addresses these concerns while still providing sufficient, affordable energy reserves for the nation. The United States has enormous resources to put behind solutions to this energy challenge; the dilemma is to identify which solutions are the right ones. Before deciding which energy technologies to develop, and on what timeline, we need to understand them better. America's Energy Future analyzes the potential of a wide range of technologies for generation, distribution, and conservation of energy. This book considers technologies to increase energy efficiency, coal-fired power generation, nuclear power, renewable energy, oil and natural gas, and alternative transportation fuels. It offers a detailed assessment of the associated impacts and projected costs of implementing each technology and categorizes them into three time frames for implementation.
