Download or read book Optimisation of Nitrogen and Potassium Nutrition for Selected New Potato Solanum Tuberosum L Cultivars written by Tlotlisang Nkhase and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many older potato cultivars in South Africa such as BP1, Up-to-date and Avalanche. These older varieties of potatoes have been studied intensively under South African conditions such that nutrient requirements for such cultivars are well known. However, new cultivars are developed in order to improve yield, increase pest resistance and improve tuber quality, and as well as to meet the industrial market for processing. These newer cultivars are either developed locally or imported into South Africa. Nutrient requirements for these new cultivars have to be known under South African conditions, since nutrient requirements may vary among cultivars and even across regions. Knowledge of the nutritional requirements of such cultivars, especially nitrogen and potassium, which are taken up in largest quantities, are essential to fine- tune production management and improve yield and quality of tubers. Literature suggests that study attempts should not only focus on levels of N and K, but to also investigate N-K interaction (N:K ratios), since yield response to K is related to N status in the soil. For the aforementioned reasons, the study was conducted to evaluate the response of two newer potato cultivars to nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) levels in the South African environment. The studied cultivars were two foreign cultivars, namely Innovator and Lanorma. Two trials were conducted, first, a pot trial and then a field trial as a follow up. The pot trial was conducted between October 2015 to March 2016, while the field trial was conducted from September 2016 to February 2017. The two cultivars were evaluated at four levels of N and four levels of K for the pot trial, which then gave 16 N x K treatment combinations and 16 N:K ratios. The levels of N were 180, 230, 280 and 330 kg.ha-1 and K levels 160, 230, 300 and 370 kg.ha-1. For the field trial, treatments were reduced to three levels of N and K each, i.e. 160, 230 and 300 kg.ha-1 for both N and K, giving seven different N:K ratios. Destructive growth analyses were performed once during the growing season for the pot trial, while for the field trial destructive growth analyses were done four times during the growing season. During each harvest, plant height, dry leaf mass, dry stem mass, stolon length, dry tuber mass and tuber number were recorded. At final harvest, yield, specific gravity, chip colour score and dry matter content were recorded for statistical analysis. SAS was employed in order to perform an analysis of variance and means were separated using the LSD test at 95% probability level. Growth analyses results for both trials showed that Lanorma outweighed Innovator in terms of dry leaf and stem mass. Lanorma was also taller than Innovator and had longer stolons than Innovator. On the other hand, Innovator had a higher total dry tuber mass than that of Lanorma, although Lanorma had more tubers per plant. At final harvest for the pot trial, yield for Innovator was significantly higher than that of Lanorma. Yield for both cultivars were significantly influenced by N:K levels and ratios. N:K ratios ranging between 0.62 to 1.22 showed a tendency of better yield than yields outside that ratio range, provided none of the two nutrients were insufficient. Field trial yield was also influenced by the N:K ratio, similarly to the pot trial. In contrary to the pot trial, Lanorma had a significantly higher yield than Innovator in the field trial. Tuber specific gravity (SG) was also influenced by N:K ratio for both cultivars. For both pot and field trials, N:K ratios around 1.1 or less proved to have better SGs for both cultivars in most cases. Innovator, a processing cultivar, had higher SG values as compared to Lanorma. Yield and tuber size generally increased with increase in N. Yield also increased with increase in K up to 230 kg.ha-1 in most cases, whereafter it then remained constant with further K increase. For the specific conditions, it is recommended that N and K levels be kept at around 230 kg.ha-1 for both cultivars for optimal yield. However, if the priority is to improve tuber quality for processing, then a fertilizer treatment combination of 160 kg.ha-1 N and 300 kg.ha-1 K would be the best option due to lighter chip colour and higher specific gravity associated with that treatment combination.

Download or read book Solanum tuberosum written by Mustafa Yildiz and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-12-22 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth-largest food crop produced in the world with approximately 370 million tonnes. This product is a staple in many diets throughout the world and the underground swollen tubers of the plant are rich sources of proteins, carbohydrates, minerals (K, Mn, Mg, Fe, Cu and P), and vitamins (C, B1, B3, B6, K, folate, pantothenic acid). Improvement of new potato cultivars resistant to biotic and abiotic factors is extremely important, as these are the main reasons for decreased potato production. Seed tuber production and tuber storage under healthy conditions after harvest are two important issues in potato cultivation. As such, this book discusses the importance of the potato plant and examines ways to increase its production and develop new cultivars resistant to stress factors via conventional and biotechnological methods.

Download or read book Potato Solanum Tuberosum L Response to Nitrogen Forms and Phosphorus Sources in Different Soil Types written by Simon Chege Kiongo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important tuber crops globally and is classified amongst the most crucial food crops in Africa. South Africa has a very vibrant potato industry, producing about 2.5 million tonnes every year, with quantities bettered only by Algeria and Egypt. Potato production is very expensive (R150 000 ha-1), with fertilizers contributing 20%. Potato is highly reliant on steady nutrient supply and any deficiencies result in poor yield. Potato fertilizer demand is higher than that of other crops such as cereals and it has a very unique demand for phosphorus (P), which is vital from its early development to maturity. In addition, potato has a very shallow root system, which compromises P uptake, making most potato cultivars ineffective in nutrient uptake. Therefore, high P fertilizer rates are applied of which

Download or read book The Influence of Various Levels of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer on Yield and Performance of Seed Potatoes Solanum Tuberosum L written by Richard M. Mead and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Developing Selection Criteria for Breeding Organic Nitrogen efficient Potato Solanum Tuberosum Varieties Root Characteristics of Potato Crops Under Different Levels of Organic Nitrogen Treatments written by Y. Qiao and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MSc thesis research about the Root Characteristics of Potato Crops under Different Levels of Organic Nitrogen Treatments which was embedded into a three-year project (2008-2011) during 2008 growing season.

Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Nitrogen Potassium and Chloride on Nutrient Composition in Russet Burbank Potatoes Solanum Tuberosum written by Ishwar Prasad Murarka and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three greenhouse experiments were designed to measure the effects of N, K and Cl on the nutrient uptake by Russet Burbank potatoes (Solanum tuberosum). A Deschutes sandy loam soil from Powell Butte area in Central Oregon, low in potassium, was used to study these effects. Nitrogen applications produced significant increases in dry matter yield when applied in combination with at least 100 ppm of K. It was noted that the most significant changes in nutrient composition in the plant tissues occurred when 100 ppm N was added together with at least 100 ppm of K. Yield depressions were encountered when 600 or 800 ppm N was applied. Chloride application changed the nutrient composition without causing any significant effect on total plant growth. Nitrogen application significantly increased all nitrogen components and uptake of Ca and Mg. Greatest increases occurred with the 100 ppm N rate. Nitrogen application caused significant reduction in Cl content and uptake. Potassium content was reduced by applied N, but K uptake was reduced only when excessive N applications reduced yields. Potassium application significantly increased K content and uptake at all levels of N. Significant decreases in Mg content and uptake were obtained whenever X was applied. Small decreases in Ca content were also noted when K was applied. Potassium application reduced the contents of certain nitrogen fractions in the plants; but the total uptake of N was generally increased when K was added. Nitrogen and K applications changed the milliequivalent sums of cations (C = Ca+Mg+K+Na), anions (A = NO3+P+S+CI), and total anions (TA = N+P+S+CI). Nitrogen addition increased all three sums, whereas K application decreased the three sums. There was no significant change in cation minus anion, (C-A), content as a result of K fertilization, indicating that a constant organic acid production was maintained independent of K level. However, N application reduced the (C-A) content, indicating a compensatory reduction in the organic acid contents when the anion uptake was not matched by an equal amount of cation uptake. It was generally found that there was a higher accumulation of inorganic ions in the stems than in the leaves. Specifically, more NO3-N was found in the stems whereas more protein-N was found in the leaves. The total anions, (TA), however, were comparable for both plant parts. A very important finding was that the application of Cl reduced the level of NO3-N and total N found in the plants but did not change the amount of N found in the protein fraction. Almost all of the decreases in content and total uptake of N were presumably due to the antagonism in the accumulation of NO3 and CI ions in the plants. It appears that the uptake data provided a better index for evaluating the responses and effects of the applied nutrients than did the content data.

Download or read book Optimizing Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Improved Potato Production of New Cultivars and Enhanced Environmental Quality written by Christine L. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Potato written by Roy Navarre and published by CABI. This book was released on 2014-12-15 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potatoes are a staple crop around the world. Covering all aspects of botany, production and uses, this book presents a comprehensive discussion of the most important topics for potato researchers and professionals. It assesses the latest research on plant growth such as tuber development, water use and seed production, covers all aspects of pest management and reviews postharvest issues such as storage, global markets, and of course, nutritional value and flavour.

Download or read book The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants written by Nand Kumar Fageria and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Put Theory into Practice Scarcity of natural resources, higher costs, higher demand, and concerns about environmental pollution- under these circumstances, improving food supply worldwide with adequate quantity and quality is fundamental. Based on the author's more than forty years of experience, The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Plant Nutrition written by Allen V. Barker and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The burgeoning demand on the world food supply, coupled with concern over the use of chemical fertilizers, has led to an accelerated interest in the practice of precision agriculture. This practice involves the careful control and monitoring of plant nutrition to maximize the rate of growth and yield of crops, as well as their nutritional value.

Download or read book Plant Nutrition Physiology and Applications written by M.L. Van Beusichem and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exactly 35 years after the first Colloquium was held, the Eleventh International Plant Nutrition Colloquium took place from 30 July to 4 August 1989 in Wageningen, The Netherlands. Although impressive progress has been made during the past decades in our understanding of the mechanisms of uptake, distribution and assimilation of nutrients in relation to crop yield and quality, there are still significant gaps in our insight into many fundamental aspects of plant mineral nutrition and related metabolic processes. In spite of improved knowledge of nutrient requirements of crops and improved fertilizer application strategies, the world population remains to be burdened with an enormous shortage of plant products for food, timber, fuel, shelter, and other purposes. The main challenge facing the plant nutrition research community is to at least alleviate the increasing world-wide need for applying scientific knowledge to practical problems in agriculture, horticulture, and forestry. It is therefore felt by many scientists that the Plant Nutrition Colloquia, which are intended to bring together scientists and to integrate knowledge and approaches acquired in plant physiology, biochemis try, soil science, agronomy and related disciplines, have indeed made a significant contribution to the advancement of our knowledge and understanding in this vital and interdisciplinary field of agrobiology. About 260 scientists from 40 nations attended the Colloquium in Wageningen.

Download or read book The Potato Crop written by Hugo Campos and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-03 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book provides a fresh, updated and science-based perspective on the current status and prospects of the diverse array of topics related to the potato, and was written by distinguished scientists with hands-on global experience in research aspects related to potato. The potato is the third most important global food crop in terms of consumption. Being the only vegetatively propagated species among the world’s main five staple crops creates both issues and opportunities for the potato: on the one hand, this constrains the speed of its geographic expansion and its options for international commercialization and distribution when compared with commodity crops such as maize, wheat or rice. On the other, it provides an effective insulation against speculation and unforeseen spikes in commodity prices, since the potato does not represent a good traded on global markets. These two factors highlight the underappreciated and underrated role of the potato as a dependable nutrition security crop, one that can mitigate turmoil in world food supply and demand and political instability in some developing countries. Increasingly, the global role of the potato has expanded from a profitable crop in developing countries to a crop providing income and nutrition security in developing ones. This book will appeal to academics and students of crop sciences, but also policy makers and other stakeholders involved in the potato and its contribution to humankind’s food security.

Download or read book Biofortification of Food Crops written by Ummed Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters presented in this book ‘Biofortification of Food Crops’ depict how agricultural technological interventions have true role in alleviating malnutrition. This book highlights the role of multidisciplinary approaches to cope up with the challenges of micronutrient malnutrition or hidden hunger which is an alarming public health issue in most parts of the world including India. In this endeavour, different biofortification approaches such as agronomic (or ferti-fortification), breeding, biotechnological, physiological, microbial etc. has fulfilled their different mandates of nutrient enrichment of food crops including cereals and pulses. The contents of the book proves that biofortified plants have adequate potential to nourish nutrient depleted soils, help increase crop productivity and provide nutritional benefits to plants, humans and livestock. The content and quality of information presented in this book will definitely provide multiple novel ideas of advance techniques and will stimulate innovative thoughts and directions amongst researchers and policy makers in the field of biofortification. In addition, the contributions presented in the book will be a good source of background knowledge and technical know-how to educate the readers about biofortification. The authors hope that the book entitled “Biofortification of Food Crops” would provide a suitable platform in our collective efforts for an appropriate dialogue among the scientists, researchers, entrepreneurs, policy makers and farmers in reducing the budding issues of malnutrition through novel approaches and means.

Download or read book The Potato in the Human Diet written by Jennifer A. Woolfe and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987-03-19 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book reviews the knowledge about the nutritional value of the potato and its role in the nutrition of both children and adults.

Download or read book Improving Potassium Recommendations for Agricultural Crops written by T. Scott Murrell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book highlights concepts discussed at two international conferences that brought together world-renowned scientists to advance the science of potassium (K) recommendations for crops. There was general agreement that the potassium recommendations currently in general use are oversimplified, outdated, and jeopardize soil, plant, and human health. Accordingly, this book puts forward a significantly expanded K cycle that more accurately depicts K inputs, losses and transformations in soils. This new cycle serves as both the conceptual basis for the scientific discussions in this book and a framework upon which to build future improvements. Previously used approaches are critically reviewed and assessed, not only for their relevance to future enhancements, but also for their use as metrics of sustainability. An initial effort is made to link K nutrition in crops and K nutrition in humans. The book offers an invaluable asset for graduate students, educators, industry scientists, data scientists, and advanced agronomists.