Download or read book Optimal Exercise of Executive Stock Options and Implications for Valuation written by Jennifer N. Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cost of executive stock options to shareholders has become a focus of attention in finance and accounting. The difficulty is that the value of these options depends on the exercise policies of the executives. Because these options are nontransferable, the usual theory does not apply. We analyze the optimal exercise policy for a utility-maximizing executive and indicate when the policy is characterized by a critical stock price boundary. We provide a counterexample in which the executive exercises at low and high stock prices but not in between. We show how the policy varies with risk aversion, wealth, and volatility and explore implications for option value. For example, option value can decline as volatility rises.
Download or read book Employee Stock Options Exercise Timing Hedging And Valuation written by Tim Siu-tang Leung and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-07-29 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Employee stock options (ESOs) are an integral component of compensation in the US. In fact, almost all S&P 500 companies grant options to their top executives, and the total value accounts for almost half of the total pay for their CEOs. In view of the extensive use and significant cost of ESOs to firms, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has mandated expensing ESOs since 2004. This gives rise to the need to create a reasonable valuation method for these options for most firms that grant ESOs to their employees. The valuation of ESOs involves a number of challenging issues, and is thus an important active research area in Accounting, Corporate Finance, and Financial Mathematics.In this exciting book, the author discusses the practical and challenging problems surrounding ESOs from a financial mathematician's perspective. This book provides a systematic overview of the contractual features of ESOs and thoughtful discussions of different valuation approaches, with emphasis on three major aspects: (i) hedging strategies; (ii) exercise timing; and (iii) valuation methodologies. In addition to addressing each of these categories, this book also highlights their connections and combined effects of the cost of ESOs to firms, as well as examines the implications to modeling and valuation approaches. The book features a unique approach that combines stochastic modeling and control techniques with option pricing theory, and provides formulas and numerical schemes for fast implementation and clear illustration.
Download or read book Optimal Exercise of Executive Stock Options and Implications for Firm Cost written by Jennifer N. Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Options have become a major component of corporate compensation. Their cost to firms depends on the exercise policies of executives who face hedging constraints. This paper analyzes the optimal policy and option cost for an executive with general concave utility. We show analytically how the policy and cost vary with risk aversion, wealth, and dividend, and when there exists a single stock price boundary. We also provide an example with a split continuation region, and numerical results on volatility and beta effects. Option value decreases with risk aversion, increases with wealth and hedging opportunities, but can actually decline with volatility.
Download or read book Optimal Exercise Prices for Executive Stock Options written by Brian J. Hall and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although exercise prices for executive stock options can be set either below or above the grant-date market price, in practice virtually all options are granted at the money. We offer an economic rationale for this apparent puzzle, by showing that pay-to-performance incentives for risk-averse undiversified executives are typically maximized by setting exercise prices at (or near) the grant-date market price. We provide an operationally useful alternative to Black-Scholes (1973) for the purpose of both valuing executive stock options and measuring the incentives created by options. Our framework has implications not only for exercise-price policies, but also for indexed options, option repricings, exchanges of cash for stock-based compensation, and the design of bonus plans
Download or read book The Valuation and Exercise of Executive Stock Options written by Jennifer N. Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper evaluates the performance of two option models in predicting the exercise decisions of managers who hold nontransferable executive stock options. Using data on option exercises from 40 firms from 1979 to 1994, I compare the predictions of an elaborate model based on utility maximization and those from a naive model that combines standard option exercise theory with an exogenous departure rate. I show that the naive model provides just as good a description of actual exercise patterns as the utility-based model. The naive model could therefore be better for valuing executive stock options. With the increasing use of stock option plans at U.S. firms, this research is important because it improves our understanding of the cost to shareholders of option compensation.
Download or read book Getting Started In Employee Stock Options written by John Olagues and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-01-14 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An A to Z guide for understanding employee stock options (ESOs). In Getting Started In Employee Stock Optionsauthors John Olagues and John Summa provide a full understanding of ESOs and demonstrate how to make the most of them. Page by page this author team, a highly experienced options market maker and a professional trader, share essential information that you're probably not hearing anywhere else. This book contains the keys to managing and hedging ESO opportunities in addition to important tax and valuation guidance appropriate for the highest executives to the non-officer managers and the newly arrived employee. Examines essential ESO issues, including tax consequences, risks, and industry pitfalls Written by an experienced pair of stock option experts Enables employees and executives to make more informed decisions regarding their stock options grants Written in a straightforward and accessible style, Getting Started In Employee Stock Options will help protect the value of your options, help you avoid costly mistakes, and allow you to take advantage of certain friendly tax rules. Some of the world's foremost authorities on options have endorsed Getting Started inEmployee Stock Options.
Download or read book The Exercise and Valuation of Executive Stock Options written by Jennifer N. Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 1998* with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Employee Stock Option Compensation written by Florian Wolff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Florian Wolff analyses how executives perceive their stock options and how their personal expectations and risk preferences affect the value they assign to them. He shows that stock options may be worth their money because people behave irrationally.
Download or read book Optimal Exercise Ptinces for Executive Stock Options written by Brian J. Hall and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Valuation Techniques written by David T. Larrabee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-11-06 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis and insights from top thought leaders on a pivotal topic in investing and asset management Valuation is the cornerstone for investment analysis, and a thorough understanding and correct application of valuation methodologies are critical for long-term investing success. Edited by two leading valuation experts from CFA Institute, this book brings together the insights and expertise of some of the most astute and successful investment minds of the past 50 years. From Benjamin Graham, the “father of value investing,” to Aswath Damodaran, you’ll learn what these investment luminaries have to say about investment valuation techniques, including earnings and cash flow analysis. Features the best thinking on valuation from the industry’s masters on the topic, supplemented with dozens of fascinating and instructive real-world examples Comprehensively discusses special valuation situations, such as real options, employee stock options, highly leveraged firms, corporate takeovers, and more Supplies you with the tools you need to successfully navigate and thrive in the ever-changing financial markets Is being produced with the full support and input of CFA Institute, the world’s leading association of investment professionals
Download or read book Executive Stock Options written by Daniel Klein and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investment Intelligence from Insider Trading written by H. Nejat Seyhun and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000-02-28 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how to profit from information about insider trading. The term insider trading refers to the stock transactions of the officers, directors, and large shareholders of a firm. Many investors believe that corporate insiders, informed about their firms' prospects, buy and sell their own firm's stock at favorable times, reaping significant profits. Given the extra costs and risks of an active trading strategy, the key question for stock market investors is whether the publicly available insider-trading information can help them to outperform a simple passive index fund. Basing his insights on an exhaustive data set that captures information on all reported insider trading in all publicly held firms over the past twenty-one years—over one million transactions!—H. Nejat Seyhun shows how investors can use insider information to their advantage. He documents the magnitude and duration of the stock price movements following insider trading, determinants of insiders' profits, and the risks associated with imitating insider trading. He looks at the likely performance of individual firms and of the overall stock market, and compares the value of what one can learn from insider trading with commonly used measures of value such as price-earnings ratio, book-to-market ratio, and dividend yield.
Download or read book Finance at Fields written by Matheus R. Grasselli and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This outstanding collection of articles includes papers presented at the Fields Institute, Toronto, as part of the Thematic Program in Quantitative Finance that took place in the first six months of the year 2010. The scope of the volume in very broad, including papers on foundational issues in mathematical finance, papers on computational finance, and papers on derivatives and risk management. Many of the articles contain path-breaking insights that are relevant to the developing new order of post-crisis financial risk management.
Download or read book Optimal Exercise Patterns and Valuation of Employee Stock Options written by Eric A. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper develops a procedure for modeling the optimal exercise patterns and for determining the value of employee stock options. I develop an approximate dynamic programming (ADP) procedure and show how ADP can be used instead of traditional backward dynamic programming to solve the single stock option problem. I show how ADP can be extended to solve a high dimensional problem numerically that allows for a portfolio of heterogeneous options while using a CRRA utility function. I then demonstrate that the exercise of an option depends importantly on the payouts of the previous exercises.
Download or read book Inattention Forced Exercise and the Valuation of Executive Stock Options written by Hong Liu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop a new Black-Scholes type closed-form valuation formula for executive stock options. This formula incorporates four important unique characteristics of these options that distinguish them from standard European options: (i) The presence of the vesting period; (ii) the tendency of executives to exercise portions of their grants right at the end of the vesting period; (iii) the ability of the executives to choose optimally whether to exercise their options or keep them; and (4) executives may be forced to early exercise their options, possibly due to severe liquidity shocks or due to unexpected departure. We use an extensive executive option data set to calibrate our model. We show that the standard Black-Scholes formula significantly overestimates the value of executive stock options.
Download or read book Executive Stock Options written by Eric Warren Noreen and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Complete Guide to Employee Stock Options written by Frederick D. Lipman and published by Prima Lifestyles. This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous private and public companies offer stock option plans every year to motivate, retain, and reward employees. But implementing the right stock option plan can be a complex and daunting undertaking, without the proper guidance.The Complete Guide to Employee Stock Optionsunravels the mystery of creating a meaningful equity compensation plan for employees that is favorable for the business. Author and attorney Frederick D. Lipman describes in complete detail the legal, operational, and motivational aspects of developing a stock option program, whether it's for the new start-up looking to attract top talent or the venerable company looking for ways to reward its best performing employees. Readers will discover how to: * Understand the pros and cons of different option plans* Implement the right plan to meet the company's future plans* Motivate key employees with equity compensation* Minimize the risk of losing equity in a volatile market* And much moreThis book also includes useful information for employees who want to understand what their stock options mean and how to maximize their profitability. Complete wi
