Download or read book Optical Studies of the Charge Localization and Delocalization in Conducting Polymers written by Youngmin Kim and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: A systematic charge transport study on the thermochromism of polyaniline (PAN) doped with a plasticizing dopant, and on a field effect device using conducting poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as its active material, was made at optical (20 - 45,000 cm−1) frequencies to probe the charge localization and delocalization phenomena and the insulator to metal transition (IMT) in the inhomogeneous conducting polymer system. Temperature dependent reflectance [20 - 8000 cm−1 (2.5 meV - 1eV)] of the PAN sample, together with absorbance and dc transport study done by Dr. Pron at the Laboratoire de Physique des Métaux Synthétiques in Grenoble, France, shows spectral weight loss in the infrared region but the reflectance in the very low frequency (below 100 cm−1) remains unaffected. There are two localization transitions. The origin of the 200 K localization transition that affect>%7E 15% of the electrons is the glass transition emanating from the dopants. The transition principally affects the IR response in the range of 200 - 8000 cm−1. The low temperature (

Download or read book Optics of Conducting Polymer Thin Films and Nanostructures written by Shangzhi Chen and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2021-02-19 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intrinsically conducting polymers forms a category of doped conjugated polymers that can conduct electricity. Since their discovery in the late 1970s, they have been widely applied in many fields, ranging from optoelectronic devices to biosensors. The most common type of conducting polymers is poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), or PEDOT. PEDOT has been popularly used as electrodes for solar cells or light-emitting diodes, as channels for organic electrochemical transistors, and as p-type legs for organic thermoelectric generators. Although many studies have been dedicated to PEDOT-based materials, there has been a lack of a unified model to describe their optical properties across different spectral ranges. In addition, the interesting optical properties of PEDOT-based materials, benefiting from its semi-metallic character, have only been rarely studied and utilized, and could potentially enable new applications. Plasmonics is a research field focusing on interactions between light and metals, such as the noble metals (gold and silver). It has enabled various opportunities in fundamental photonics as well as practical applications, varying from biosensors to colour displays. This thesis explores highly conducting polymers as alternatives to noble metals and as a new type of active plasmonic materials. Despite high degrees of microstructural disorder, conducting polymers can possess electrical conductivity approaching that of poor metals, with particularly high conductivity for PEDOT deposited via vapour phase polymerization (VPP). In this thesis, we systematically studied the optical and structural properties of VPP PEDOT thin films and their nanostructures for plasmonics and other optical applications. We employed ultra-wide spectral range ellipsometry to characterize thin VPP PEDOT films and proposed an anisotropic Drude-Lorentz model to describe their optical conductivity, covering the ultraviolet, visible, infrared, and terahertz ranges. Based on this model, PEDOT doped with tosylate (PEDOT:Tos) presented negative real permittivity in the near infrared range. While this indicated optical metallic character, the material also showed comparably large imaginary permittivity and associated losses. To better understand the VPP process, we carefully examined films with a collection of microstructural and spectroscopic characterization methods and found a vertical layer stratification in these polymer films. We unveiled the cause as related to unbalanced transport of polymerization precursors. By selection of suitable counterions, e.g., trifluoromethane sulfonate (OTf), and optimization of reaction conditions, we were able to obtain PEDOT films with electrical conductivity exceeding 5000 S/cm. In the near infrared range from 1 to 5 µm, these PEDOT:OTf films provided a well-defined plasmonic regime, characterized by negative real permittivity and lower magnitude imaginary component. Using a colloidal lithography-based approach, we managed to fabricate nanodisks of PEDOT:OTf and showed that they exhibited clear plasmonic absorption features. The experimental results matched theoretical calculations and numerical simulations. Benefiting from their mixed ionic-electronic conducting characters, such organic plasmonic materials possess redox-tunable properties that make them promising as tuneable optical nanoantennas for spatiotemporally dynamic systems. Finally, we presented a low-cost and efficient method to create structural colour surfaces and images based on UV-treated PEDOT films on metallic mirrors. The concept generates beautiful and vivid colours through-out the visible range utilizing a synergistic effect of simultaneously modulating polymer absorption and film thickness. The simplicity of the device structure, facile fabrication process, and tunability make this proof-of-concept device a potential candidate for future low-cost backlight-free displays and labels.

Download or read book Charge Localization and Delocalization Phenomena in Conducting Polymers written by Jinsoo Joo and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Optical and Electrochemical Studies of Charge Storage in Conducting Polymers written by Nicholas F. Colaneri and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Conducting Polymers Second Edition written by Terje A. Skotheim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-11-24 with total page 1130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discussing theory and transport, synthesis, processing, properties, and applications, this second edition of a standard resource covers advances in the field of electrically conducting polymers and contains more than 1500 drawings, photographs, tables, and equations. Maintaining the style of presentation and depth of coverage that made the first edition so popular, it contains the authoritative contributions of an interdisciplinary team of world-renowned experts encompassing the fields of chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering. The Handbook of Conducting Polymers highlights progress, delineates improvements, and examines novel tools for polymer and materials scientists..

Download or read book Theoretical Studies of Optics and Charge Transport in Organic Conducting Oligomers and Polymers written by Geoffrey Rogers Hutchison and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical studies on a variety of oligo- and polyheterocycles elucidate their optical and charge transport properties, suggesting new, improved transparent conductive polymers. First-principles calculations provide accurate methodologies for predicting both optical band gaps of neutral and cationic oligomers and intrinsic charge transfer rates. Multidimensional analysis reveals important motifs in chemical tailorability of oligoheterocycle optical and charge transport properties. The results suggest new directions for design of novel materials.

Download or read book Optical Studies of The Metallic State in Conducting Polymers written by Randolph S. Kohlman and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Frontiers of Polymer Research written by Jai K. Nigam and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents the proceedings of the First International Conference on Frontiers of Polymer Research held in New Delhi, India during January 20-25, 1991. Polymers have usually been perceived as substances to be used in insulations, coatings, fabrics, and structural materials. Defying this classical view, polymers are emerging as a new class of materials with potential applications in many new technologies. They also offer challenging opportunities for fundamental research. Recognizing a tremendous growth in world wide interest in polymer research and technology, a truly global "1st International Conference on Frontiers of Polymer Research" was organized by P. N. Prasad (SUNY at Buffalo), F. E. Karasz (University of Massachusetts) and J. K. Nigam (Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, India). The 225 participants represented 25 countries and a wide variety of academic, industrial and government groups. The conference was inaugurated by the Prime Minister of India, Mr. Chandra Shekhar and had a high level media coverage. The focus of the conference was on three frontier areas of polymer research: (i) Polymers for photonics, where nonlinear optical properties of polymers show great promise, (ii) Polymers for electronics, where new conduction mechanisms and photophysics have generated considerable enthusiasm and (iii) High performance polymers as new advanced polymers have exhibited exceptionally high mechanical strength coupled with light weight.

Download or read book Conducting Polymers with Micro or Nanometer Structure written by Meixiang Wan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-15 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conducting Polymers with Micro or Nanometer Structure describes a topic discovered by three winners of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2000: Alan J. Heeger, University of California at Santa Barbara, Alan G. MacDiarmid at the University of Pennsylvania, and Hideki Shirakawa at the University of Tsukuba. Since then, the unique properties of conducting polymers have led to promising applications in functional materials and technologies. The book first briefly summarizes the main concepts of conducting polymers before introducing micro/nanostructured conducting polymers dealing with their synthesis, structural characterizations, formation mechanisms, physical and chemical properties, and potential applications in nanomaterials and nanotechnology. The book is intended for researchers in the related fields of chemistry, physics, materials, nanomaterials and nanodevices. Meixiang Wan is a professor at the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.

Download or read book Handbook of Conducting Polymers 2 Volume Set written by Terje A. Skotheim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-01-16 with total page 1692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how recent advances are fueling new possibilities in textiles, optics, electronics, and biomedicine! As the field of conjugated, electrically conducting, and electroactive polymers has grown, the Handbook of Conducting Polymers has been there to document and celebrate these changes along the way. Now split into two vo

Download or read book Semiconducting and Metallic Polymers written by Alan J. Heeger and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-07-29 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unique properties of conducting and semiconducting (conjugated) polymers make them one of the most attractive areas of interdisciplinary materials science and technology. Written by a pioneer in the field, this book is the first aimed at teaching graduate students, postdoctoral scientists, and specialists in industry about this exciting field.

Download or read book Optical and Electrical Studies of Conjugated Conducting Polymers written by Mats Sundberg and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Organic Electronic Materials written by R. Farchioni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together selected contributions both on the fundamental information on the physics and chemistry of these materials, new physical ideas and decisive experiments. It constitutes both an insightful treatise and a handy reference for specialists and graduate students working in solid state physics and chemistry, material science and related fields.

Download or read book Electrical Optical and Magnetic Properties of Organic Solid State Materials Volume 247 written by Long Y. Chiang and published by Mrs Proceedings. This book was released on 1992-05-29 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.

Download or read book Optical Studies of Conducting Polymers in Metallic and Semiconducting Doped States written by Alexey V. Saprigin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: A study of electromagnetic response was performed at direct current (DC), microwave (6.5 GHz) and optical (15-40,000 cm−1) frequencies on poly(3,4-alkylenedi-oxythiophenes) (PADOTs) doped with various dopants near the insulator-metal transition together with structural studies (X-ray diffraction). We find these materials to be inhomogeneous, i.e. to have well defined crystalline regions within amorphous media. The transport measurements indicate that the properties of PADOTs vary from insulating to metallic. The metallic state of PADOTs follows trends found previously for the metallic polyaniline and polypyrrole thus confirming the universality of the metallic state for conducting polymers. The features of this state are the positive temperature coefficient of reduced activation energy, negative dielectric response at mw and far infrared frequencies, unique frequency dependence of the dielectric function and optical conductivity. A chain-linked network of metallic grains model is used in the discussion of experimental results. Within this model the transport in metallic conducting polymers is described by three basic electronic processes: intragrain scattering, diffusive spreading within the grains and the resonance hopping between the grains. The latter process is responsible for the negative dielectric response and very long relaxation times characteristic for the metallic state of the conducting polymers.

Download or read book American Journal of Physics written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: