Download or read book Optical Measurements written by Franz Mayinger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing possibilities of computer-aided data processing have caused a new revival of optical techniques in many areas of mechanical and chemical en gineering. Optical methods have a long tradition in heat and mass transfer and in fluid dynamics. Global experimental information is not sufficient for developing constitution equations to describe complicated phenomena in fluid dynamics or in transfer processes by a computer program . Furthermore, a detailed insight with high local and temporal resolution into the thermo-and fluiddynamic situations is necessary. Sets of equations for computer program in thermo dynamics and fluid dynamics usually consist of two types of formulations: a first one derived from the conservation laws for mass, energy and momentum, and a second one mathematically modelling transport processes like laminar or turbulent diffusion. For reliably predicting the heat transfer, for example, the velocity and temperature field in the boundary layer must be known, or a physically realistic and widely valid correlation describing the turbulence must be avail able. For a better understanding of combustion processes it is necessary to know the local concentration and temperature just ahead of the flame and in the ignition zone.
Download or read book Optical Measurements for Scientists and Engineers written by Arthur McClelland and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible, introductory text explaining how to select, set up and use optical spectroscopy and optical microscopy techniques.
Download or read book Optical Measurement of Surface Topography written by Richard Leach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-31 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The measurement and characterisation of surface topography is crucial to modern manufacturing industry. The control of areal surface structure allows a manufacturer to radically alter the functionality of a part. Examples include structuring to effect fluidics, optics, tribology, aerodynamics and biology. To control such manufacturing methods requires measurement strategies. There is now a large range of new optical techniques on the market, or being developed in academia, that can measure areal surface topography. Each method has its strong points and limitations. The book starts with introductory chapters on optical instruments, their common language, generic features and limitations, and their calibration. Each type of modern optical instrument is described (in a common format) by an expert in the field. The book is intended for both industrial and academic scientists and engineers, and will be useful for undergraduate and postgraduate studies.
Download or read book Electromagnetic Noise and Quantum Optical Measurements written by Hermann A. Haus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the reviews: "Haus’ book provides numerous insights on topics of wide importance, and contains much material not available elsewhere in book form. [...] an indispensable resource for those working in quantum optics or electronics." Optics & Photonics News
Download or read book Optical Measurements Modeling and Metrology Volume 5 written by Tom Proulx and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-27 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical Measurements, Modeling, and Metrology represents one of eight volumes of technical papers presented at the Society for Experimental Mechanics Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, held at Uncasville, Connecticut, June 13-16, 2011. The full set of proceedings also includes volumes on Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Mechanics of Biological Systems and Materials, Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials and Processes in Conventional and Multifunctional Materials; MEMS and Nanotechnology; Experimental and Applied Mechanics, Thermomechanics and Infra-Red Imaging, and Engineering Applications of Residual Stress.
Download or read book Laser Diagnostics and Optical Measurement Techniques in Internal Combustion Engines written by Hua Zhao and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2012-07-30 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing concern about CO2 emissions and energy prices has led to new CO2 emission and fuel economy legislation being introduced in world regions served by the automotive industry. In response, automotive manufacturers and Tier-1 suppliers are developing a new generation of internal combustion (IC) engines with ultra-low emissions and high fuel efficiency. To further this development, a better understanding is needed of the combustion and pollutant formation processes in IC engines. As efficiency and emission abatement processes have reached points of diminishing returns, there is more of a need to make measurements inside the combustion chamber, where the combustion and pollutant formation processes take place. However, there is currently no good overview of how to make these measurements. Based on the author’s previous SAE book, Engine Combustion Instrumentation and Diagnostics, this book focuses on laser-based optical techniques for combustion flows and in-cylinder measurements. Included are new chapters on optical engines and optical equipment, case studies, and an updated description of each technique. The purpose of this book is to provide, in one publication, an introduction to experimental techniques that are best suited for in-cylinder engine combustion measurements. It provides sufficient details for readers to set up and apply these techniques to IC engines and combustion flows.
Download or read book Digital Optical Measurement Techniques and Applications written by Pramod Rastogi and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new resource explains the principles and applications of today’s digital optical measurement techniques. From start to finish, each chapter provides a concise introduction to the concepts and principles of digital optical metrology, followed by a detailed presentation of their applications. The development of all these topics, including their numerous methods, principles, and applications, has been illustrated using a large number of easy-to-understand figures. This book aims to not only help the reader identify the appropriate techniques in function of the measurement requirements, but also assess modern digital measurement systems.
Download or read book Optical Scattering written by John C. Stover and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of this book concentrated on relating scatter from optically smooth surfaces to the microroughness on those surfaces. After spending six years in the semiconductor industry, Dr. Stover has updated and expanded the third edition. Newly included are scatter models for pits and particles as well as the use of wafer scanners to locate and size isolated surface features. New sections cover the multimillion-dollar wafer scanner business, establishing that microroughness is the noise, not the signal, in these systems. Scatter measurements, now routinely used to determine whether small-surface features are pits or particles and inspiring new technology that provides information on particle material, are also discussed. These new capabilities are now supported by a series of international standards, and a new chapter reviews those documents. New information on scatter from optically rough surfaces has also been added. Once the critical limit is exceeded, scatter cannot be used to determine surface-roughness statistics, but considerable information can still be obtained - especially when measurements are made on mass-produced products. Changes in measurement are covered, and the reader will find examples of scatter measurements made using a camera for a fraction of the cost and in a fraction of the time previously possible. The idea of relating scatter to surface appearance is also discussed, and appearance has its own short chapter. After all, beauty is in the eye of the beholder, and what we see is scattered light.
Download or read book Photometry Radiometry and Measurements of Optical Losses written by Michael Bukshtab and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-25 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised 2nd edition of this practical book provides an expanded treatment and comparison of techniques used in advanced optical measurements, guiding its reader from fundamental radiometric and photometric concepts to the state-of-the-art in highly sensitive measurements of optical losses and in spectroscopic detection using coherent laser light and spontaneous radiation. The book describes and compares a broad array of high-sensitivity methods and techniques – from interferometric and/or calorimetric, acousto-optic and resonator or polarization to wavelength- and frequency-modulation, phase-shift and decay time studies, and direct-loss measurements for free-space, fiber- or waveguide-based systems and devices. Updated throughout, the new edition describes novel trends in spectral interferometry, frequency-comb and laser-excitation spectroscopy, reflected in the developments of Raman, Brillouin and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) techniques for biomedical research, biotech sensing and detection. It also covers broad practical implementations of time- and frequency-domain terahertz spectroscopy measurements. This book reviews the physical concepts of radiation transfer, providing a quantitative foundation for the means of measurements of optical losses, which affect propagation and distribution of light waves in various media and in diverse optical systems and components. It focuses on the application of optical methods and procedures for the evaluation of transparent, reflecting, scattering, absorbing, and aggregated objects, and for determining the power and energy parameters of radiation and color properties of light. This updated new edition will serve as an up-to-date reference source and practical guide for those using photometric and radiometric techniques.
Download or read book Optical Measurement Methods in Biomechanics written by J.C. Shelton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-12-31 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been written to provide research workers with an introd- tion to several optical techniques for new applications. It is intended to be comprehensible to people from a wide range of backgrounds - no prior optical or physics knowledge has been assumed. However, sufficient technical details have been included to enable the reader to understand the basics of the techniques and to be able to read further from the ref- ences if necessary. The book should be as useful to postgraduate students and experienced researchers as those entering the bioengineering field, irrespective of whether they have a technical or clinical background. It has been prepared with an awareness of the inherent difficulties in und- standing aspects of optics which, in the past, have precluded practical application. The contents address a broad range of optical measurement techniques which have been used in biomechanics, techniques characterized as n- contacting and non-destructive. Theoretical outlines and practical advice on gaining entry to the fields of expertise are complemented by biomec- nical case studies and key literature references. The aim is to present each technique, to appraise its advantages and capabilities and thereby to allow informed selection of an appropriate method for a particular app- cation. It is anticipated that research workers will be assisted in est- lishing new methodologies and gain first-hand experience of the techniques.
Download or read book Applied Photometry Radiometry and Measurements of Optical Losses written by Michael Bukshtab and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-03 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Photometry, Radiometry, and Measurements of Optical Losses reviews and analyzes physical concepts of radiation transfer, providing quantitative foundation for the means of measurements of optical losses, which affect propagation and distribution of light waves in various media and in diverse optical systems and components. The comprehensive analysis of advanced methodologies for low-loss detection is outlined in comparison with the classic photometric and radiometric observations, having a broad range of techniques examined and summarized: from interferometric and calorimetric, resonator and polarization, phase-shift and ring-down decay, wavelength and frequency modulation to pulse separation and resonant, acousto-optic and emissive - subsequently compared to direct and balancing methods for studying free-space and polarization optics, fibers and waveguides. The material is focused on applying optical methods and procedures for evaluation of transparent, reflecting, scattering, absorbing, and aggregated objects, and for determination of power and energy parameters of radiation and color properties of light.
Download or read book Principles of Optical Fiber Measurements written by Dietrich Marcuse and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Optical Fiber Measurements focuses on the optical fiber systems, which are being added to the telephone networks of various countries around the world. This book explores the significance of optical fiber systems in the increasing variety of fiber-related products on the market. Comprised of seven chapters, this book starts with an overview of the fiber fabrication process with emphasis on the method of measurements to reduce fiber loss in the field of optical communication. This text then examines the special methods to measure extremely low dispersion in single-mode fibers. Other chapters consider the measurement requirements of commercial fiber manufacturers to allow them to specify their products as well as for fiber users to verify that they get what they expect. The final chapter deals with the various measurement methods for determining the V value of fibers as well as the geometrical dimensions of fibers and preforms. This book is a valuable resource for specialists and readers who desire a better understanding of fiber specifications.
Download or read book Photodetection and Measurement written by Mark Johnson and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2003-07-22 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MAKE OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS WITH MAXIMUM ACCURACY AND MINIMUM COST The "opto-electronics revolution" has made the art and science of making sensitive, accurate, and inexpensive optical measurements must-know information for legions of electronic engineers and research students. And there’s no faster or easier way to master photodetection and measurement techniques than with this hands-on tutorial written by a teacher with experience enough to know the questions you would ask. A clear, easy-to-understand "rules-of-thumb" approach shows you how to make high-performance optical measurements by getting the fundamentals right, often with simple, inexpensive equipment commonly found in laboratories. It includes treatment of: * Photodetectors * Amplifiers * LED sources * Electronic modulation and demodulation * Interference avoidance * Data acquisition and basic DSP You’ll also gain a firm understanding of noise-reduction techniques and the essentials of building-in speed, sensitivity,and stability. If you want to learn the secret of making sound optical measurements without expensive equipment, this is the one resource you shouldn’t work without.
Download or read book Optical Measurement Techniques written by Kai-Erik Peiponen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-12 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Devoted to new optical measurement techniques in industry as well as the life sciences, this book has a fresh perspective on the development of modern optical sensors, which are essential for the control of parameters in industrial and biomedical applications.
Download or read book Frequency Resolved Optical Gating The Measurement of Ultrashort Laser Pulses written by Rick Trebino and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Frequency-Resolved Optical-Gating (FROG) technique has revolutionized our ability to measure and understand ultrashort laser pulses. This book contains everything you need to know to measure even the shortest, weakest, or most complex ultrashort laser pulses. Whether you're an undergrad or an advanced researcher, you'll find easy-to-understand descriptions of all the key ideas behind all the FROG techniques, all the practical details of pulse measurement, and many new directions of research. This book is not like any other scientific book. It is a lively discussion of the basic concepts. It is an advanced treatment of research-level issues.
Download or read book Optical Measurements of Fluctuating Temperatures in a Supersonic Turbulent Flow Using One and Two photon Laser induced Fluorescence written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optical Coatings and Thermal Noise in Precision Measurement written by Gregory Harry and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-12 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal noise from optical coatings is a growing area of concern and overcoming limits to the sensitivity of high precision measurements by thermal noise is one of the greatest challenges faced by experimental physicists. In this timely book, internationally renowned scientists and engineers examine our current theoretical and experimental understanding. Beginning with the theory of thermal noise in mirrors and substrates, subsequent chapters discuss the technology of depositing coatings and state-of-the-art dielectric coating techniques used in precision measurement. Applications and remedies for noise reduction are also covered. Individual chapters are dedicated to specific fields where coating thermal noise is a particular concern, including the areas of quantum optics/optomechanics, gravitational wave detection, precision timing, high-precision laser stabilisation via optical cavities and cavity quantum electrodynamics. While providing full mathematical detail, the text avoids field-specific jargon, making it a valuable resource for readers with varied backgrounds in modern optics.
