Download or read book Pharmaceutical Innovation and Access to Medicines written by OECD and published by Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development. This book was released on 2019-01-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews the important role of medicines in health sytems, describes recent trends in pharmaceutical expenditure and financing, and summarises the approaches used by OECD countries to determine coverage and pricing.
Download or read book Making Medicines Affordable written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to remarkable advances in modern health care attributable to science, engineering, and medicine, it is now possible to cure or manage illnesses that were long deemed untreatable. At the same time, however, the United States is facing the vexing challenge of a seemingly uncontrolled rise in the cost of health care. Total medical expenditures are rapidly approaching 20 percent of the gross domestic product and are crowding out other priorities of national importance. The use of increasingly expensive prescription drugs is a significant part of this problem, making the cost of biopharmaceuticals a serious national concern with broad political implications. Especially with the highly visible and very large price increases for prescription drugs that have occurred in recent years, finding a way to make prescription medicinesâ€"and health care at largeâ€"more affordable for everyone has become a socioeconomic imperative. Affordability is a complex function of factors, including not just the prices of the drugs themselves, but also the details of an individual's insurance coverage and the number of medical conditions that an individual or family confronts. Therefore, any solution to the affordability issue will require considering all of these factors together. The current high and increasing costs of prescription drugsâ€"coupled with the broader trends in overall health care costsâ€"is unsustainable to society as a whole. Making Medicines Affordable examines patient access to affordable and effective therapies, with emphasis on drug pricing, inflation in the cost of drugs, and insurance design. This report explores structural and policy factors influencing drug pricing, drug access programs, the emerging role of comparative effectiveness assessments in payment policies, changing finances of medical practice with regard to drug costs and reimbursement, and measures to prevent drug shortages and foster continued innovation in drug development. It makes recommendations for policy actions that could address drug price trends, improve patient access to affordable and effective treatments, and encourage innovations that address significant needs in health care.
Download or read book Long Live the Free Pericardium written by Montserrat Gascon Segundo and published by BoD - Books on Demand France. This book was released on 2012 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains in a clear and simple way what life is and how it flows within our cells, between people and through people. It is a practical manual that will help us to "feel" life, to vibrate and breathe the life inside of our bodies and of all living beings. A key focus of this work is how emotional impact affects our pericardium, which is the membrane that envelops, maintains and protects the heart.
Download or read book Surgical Pathology of the Head and Neck written by Leon Barnes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 1800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surgical Pathology of the Head and Neck, Third Edition is a complete stand-alone reference covering all aspects of head and neck pathology. Providing an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of head and neck diseases, this source promotes clear communication between pathologists and surgeons. This is the reference o
Download or read book AO ASIF Principles in Spine Surgery written by Irene Zintel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-12-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has become necessary as a consequence of the rapid expansion of the surgical procedures and implants available for spinal surgery within the "AO Group". We have not attempted to write an in-depth book on spinal surgery, but one which will help the surgeon in the use of AO concepts and implants. We con sider the practical courses held all over the world essential for the teaching of sound techniques so that technical complications and poor results can be avoid ed for both the surgeon and, in particular the patient. This book is a practical manual and an outline of what is taught in the courses. It is intended to help the young spinal surgeon to understand the correct use of AO implants. The indi- tions given will aid the correct use of each procedure. . It must be strongly emphasized that surgery of the spine is technically de manding. The techniques described in this book should only be undertaken by surgeons who are trained and experienced in spinal surgery. Certain techniques, in particular pedicle screw fIxation and cages, have not yet been fully approved by the FDA in the United States. However, throughout the rest of the world, the use of pedicle screws has become a standard technique for the spine surgeon, since it has been shown to improve fIxation techniques and allow segmental correction of the spine. The use of cages has become more and more popular, specifIcally as a tool of minimally invasive spinal surgery.
Download or read book Limpiadora personal estatutario written by Editorial CEP. and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
