Download or read book Ontogeny of Spatial Discrimination and Reversal Learning in the Mouse written by Emlee C. Kohler and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Neurobiology of Spatial Reversal Learning in Weanling Rats written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The experiments reported in this dissertation were designed to examine the neurobiology of T-maze spatial reversal learning in weanling rats. Spatial reversal learning is a robust behavioral paradigm to examine the development of learning and memory in young rats. This model is comparable to models used with adult and developing primates to examine the neuropsychology of learning and memory. Primate and rodent animal models are often used to investigate the cognitive impairments of certain developmental disorders. Children with neurodevelopmental disorders often have deficits in behavioral tests that involve changes in reward contingency, such as reversal learning. Behaviorally, during discrimination reversal training, learning the reversal phase is much more difficult than learning the initial discrimination. The behavioral processes that underlie reversal learning involve learning to suppress the previously reinforced response pattern from the acquisition training phase, while learning the new competing response pattern during the reversal training phase. This thesis tested the hypothesis that successful spatial reversal performance in weaning rats requires the contribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function in several forebrain structures. Experiment 1 (Chapter 6) evaluated spatial reversal learning performance on postnatal day (P) 26 following NMDA-receptor antagonism in the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC). A range of doses of dizocilpine, the compound also referred to as MK-801 (MK), was infused into the dHPC during the reversal phase of training (Reversal Only design). T-maze spatial discrimination reversal training took place in a single day in two experimental sessions, one in the morning and the other in the afternoon. Previous work has demonstrated that systemic administration of MK severely impaired spatial reversal learning performance in weanling rats (Chadman, Watson, & Stanton, 2006). Experiment 1 found that intrahippocampal MK administration dose-dependently impaired spatial reversal learning performance and enhanced response perseveration on the position habit trained in acquisition. These findings confirmed that NMDA-receptor function in the dHPC was necessary for successful spatial reversal learning in weanling rats. The previous systemic MK reversal impairment was specific to the reversal learning phase, did not impair initial learning of the position discrimination, and was not due to state-dependent learning effects (Chadman et al., 2006). Experiment 2 used the same T-maze procedures as Experiment 1, except that MK was administered before both training phases, acquisition only, reversal only, or neither training phase (Reversal Specificity design). The results established that the spatial reversal learning impairment in Experiment 1 was specific to the reversal learning phase, NMDA-receptor antagonism did not impair acquisition of the position habit, nor was the reversal impairment due to state-dependent learning effects. Spatial reversal learning was further examined following NMDA-receptor antagonism in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC, Chapter 7, Experiments 3-4) and dorsomedial striatum (dmSTR, Chapter 8, Experiments 5-6). Experiments 3 and 5 had a similar rationale and predictions as Experiment 1 (Reversal Only design). The results suggested that NMDA-receptor function in both the mPFC and dmSTR are also necessary for successful reversal learning performance in P26 rats. The rationale and predictions of Experiments 4 and 6 were the same as Experiment 2 (Reversal Specificity design). In both brain regions, the learning deficit following intracranial MK administration was specific to the reversal learning phase, initial acquisition performance was spared after NMDA-receptor antagonism, and the impairment during the reversal learning phase was not due to state-dependent learning effects. As a whole, the results of Experiments 1-6 establish that NMDA-receptor function in a variety of forebrain regions is necessary for spatial reversal learning performance in weanling rats. The findings of this dissertation provide a foundation for future lines of research to investigate the developmental psychobiology of reversal learning. These findings also serve to improve the quality of animal models of neurodevelopmental disorders, by expanding the likely neural structures that may be implicated in these disorders.
Download or read book Overlearning Reversal in Rats in Spatial Discriminations written by Daniel F. Tortora and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Behavioural Biology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 958 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Behavioral Genetics of the Mouse Volume 1 Genetics of Behavioral Phenotypes written by Wim E. Crusio and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first volume in the new Cambridge Handbooks in Behavioral Genetics series, Behavioral Genetics of the Mouse provides baseline information on normal behaviors, essential in both the design of experiments using genetically modified or pharmacologically treated animals and in the interpretation and analyses of the results obtained. The book offers a comprehensive overview of the genetics of naturally occurring variation in mouse behavior, from perception and spontaneous behaviors such as exploration, aggression, social interactions and motor behaviors, to reinforced behaviors such as the different types of learning. Also included are numerous examples of potential experimental problems, which will aid and guide researchers trying to troubleshoot their own studies. A lasting reference, the thorough and comprehensive reviews offer an easy entrance into the extensive literature in this field, and will prove invaluable to students and specialists alike.
Download or read book Animal Behaviour Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Animal Models of Cognitive Impairment written by Edward D. Levin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-06-22 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The costs associated with a drug's clinical trials are so significant that it has become necessary to validate both its safety and efficacy in animal models prior to the continued study of the drug in humans. Featuring contributions from distinguished researchers in the field of cognitive therapy research, Animal Models of Cognitive Impairmen
Download or read book What s Wrong With My Mouse written by Jacqueline N. Crawley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Jacqueline N. Crawley, author of the First and Second Editions of What’s Wrong with My Mouse? Behavioral Phenotyping of Transgenic and Knockout Mice,continues to field calls and e-mails from molecular geneticists who ask: how do I run behavioral assays to find out what’s wrong with my mouse? Turn to What’s Wrong with My Mouse? to discover the wealth of mouse behavioral tasks and to get the guidance you need to select the best methods and necessary controls. Chapters are organized by behavioral domain, including measurements of general health, motor functions, sensory abilities, learning and memory, feeding and drinking, reproductive, social, emotional, and reward behaviors in mutant mice. Throughout the chapters, new behavioral tasks and new research discoveries have been added, bringing the Second Edition up to date with the latest science. In addition, the Second Edition includes two new chapters: "Neurodevelopment and Neurodegeneration" discusses mouse behavioral tasks relevant to neurodevelopmental diseases, such as mental retardation and autism, and to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimers, Parkinsons, Huntingtons, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. "Putting It All Together" recommends strategies for optimizing a battery of behavioral phenotyping tests to address your specific hypotheses about gene functions. The final chapter, "The Next Generation," examines new and emerging technologies. Throughout the book, the use of behavioral testing equipment is illustrated with photographs, diagrams, and representative data. Examples of behavioral tasks successfully applied to transgenic and knockout mouse models are provided, as well as references to the primary literature and step-by-step methods protocols. These features, along with a comprehensive index, listings of database and vendor websites, and an extensive list of references, make this book a valuable and practical resource for students and researchers.
Download or read book Genetics Environment and Intelligence written by Alberto Oliverio and published by Amsterdam ; New York : North-Holland Publishing Company ; New York : sole distributors for the U.S.A. and Canada, Elsevier/North Holland. This book was released on 1977 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indexes to the Epilepsy Accessions of the Epilepsy Information System written by J. Kiffin Penry and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-22 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding on the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as: The important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols. Methods for assessing and ensuring an animal's well-being. General animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose. The use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.
Download or read book Comprehensive Toxicology written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 8639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Toxicology, Third Edition, Fifteen Volume Set discusses chemical effects on biological systems, with a focus on understanding the mechanisms by which chemicals induce adverse health effects. Organized by organ system, this comprehensive reference work addresses the toxicological effects of chemicals on the immune system, the hematopoietic system, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, hepatic toxicology, renal toxicology, gastrointestinal toxicology, reproductive and endocrine toxicology, neuro and behavioral toxicology, developmental toxicology and carcinogenesis, also including critical sections that cover the general principles of toxicology, cellular and molecular toxicology, biotransformation and toxicology testing and evaluation. Each section is examined in state-of-the-art chapters written by domain experts, providing key information to support the investigations of researchers across the medical, veterinary, food, environment and chemical research industries, and national and international regulatory agencies. Thoroughly revised and expanded to 15 volumes that include the latest advances in research, and uniquely organized by organ system for ease of reference and diagnosis, this new edition is an essential reference for researchers of toxicology. Organized to cover both the fundamental principles of toxicology and unique aspects of major organ systems Thoroughly revised to include the latest advances in the toxicological effects of chemicals on the immune system Features additional coverage throughout and a new volume on toxicology of the hematopoietic system Presents in-depth, comprehensive coverage from an international author base of domain experts
Download or read book Cumulative Subject Index to Psychological Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Risk Assessment for Neurobehavioral Toxicity written by Scientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals. Workshop and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Animal Behavior Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Memory and Learning written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
