Download or read book On the Use of Lake Ice Conditions to Monitor Climate Change written by John C. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Use of Lake Ice Conditions to Monitor Climatic Change written by John C. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of using lake ice free-up and break-up dates as indicators of climatic, and more specifically air temperature change. Following a review of the relevant literature, the report focusses on the development of analytical methodology and its application to the ice record of Long Lake, located near Yellowknife, NWT. Summary analyses are provided as Appendices for two addition stationsm Watson Lake, Y.T. and Ennadai Lake, NWT. Results of the analyses are generally encouraging, particularly for Long Lake and Ennadai Lake. Correlation coefficients as high as 0.89 were obtained for analyses of water-clear-of-ice date versus air temperatures during various time periods, and 0.83 for analyses pertaining to the date of complete freeze-over. Significant correlations were also obtained in relating ice season duration to mean air temperatures for selected 12-month periods. Though several of the relationships were highly significant, the dependence of freeze-up and break-up on factors additional to air temperature must be kept in mind when attempting to make projections based on these analyses. -- abstract.
Download or read book River and Lake Ice Processes Impacts of Freshwater Ice on Aquatic Ecosystems in a Changing Globe written by Karl-Erich Lindenschmidt and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-01-11 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "River and Lake Ice Processes—Impacts of Freshwater Ice on Aquatic Ecosystems in a Changing Globe" that was published in Water
Download or read book Spaceborne Monitoring of Arctic Lake Ice in a Changing Climate written by Cristina M. Surdu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lake ice phenology (timing of ice-on and ice-off) and thickness are changing in response to generally warmer climate conditions at high northern latitudes observed during recent decades. Monitoring changes in the lake ice cover provides valuable evidence in assessing climate variability in the Arctic. To enhance our understanding of the role of lake ice in the Arctic cryosphere and to evaluate the extent to which Arctic lakes have been impacted by the contemporary changing climate, development of a lake ice monitoring system at pan-Arctic scale is needed. While large lakes across the Arctic are currently being monitored through satellite observations, there are extremely sparse and mostly non-existent records tracking the changes in small high-latitude lakes. Employing a combination of spaceborne observations from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical sensors, and simulations from the Canadian Lake Ice Model (CLIMo), this researched aimed to investigate changes in winter ice growth and ice phenology of lakes across the Arctic, focus being given to smaller lakes on the North Slope of Alaska (NSA) and lakes of various sizes in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). To determine the changes in the fraction of lakes that freeze to bed (grounded ice) in late winter on the NSA from 1991 to 2011, a time series of ERS-1/2 was analysed. Results show a trend toward increasing floating ice fractions from 1991 to 2011, with the greatest change occurring in April, when the grounded ice fraction declined by 22% ([alpha] = 0.01). This finding is in good agreement with the decrease in ice thickness simulated with CLIMo, a lower fraction of lakes frozen to the bed corresponding to a thinner ice cover. Model simulations over the same period as SAR acquisitions (1991-2011) indicate a trend toward thinner ice covers by 18-22 cm (no-snow and 53% snow depth scenarios, [alpha] = 0.01). The results emphasize the regime shifts that these lakes are currently undergoing, including shorter ice seasons. The longer-term trends (1950-2011) derived from model simulations show a decrease in the ice cover duration by ~ 24 days consequent to later freeze-up dates by 5.9 days ([alpha] = 0.1) and earlier break-up dates by 17.7-18.6 days ([alpha] = 0.001). The temporal evolution of backscatter ([sigma]0) from two C-band SAR sensors - Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) Wide Swath and RADARSAT-2 ScanSAR Wide Swath - was then used to investigate the potential of high temporal-frequency SAR for determining lake ice phenological events (e.g. freeze onset, melt onset and water-clear-of-ice). Results show that combined SAR observations are generally suitable for detection of important lake ice events timing. However, the wide range of incidence angles and to a certain extent the orbit differences between the observations, the wind effect, particularly during fall freeze-up, the low differences in [sigma]0 during transition from a grounded-ice cover to melt onset of ice in early spring, complicate the detection of lake ice phenological events. In order to order to document the response of ice cover of lakes in the Canadian High Arctic to climate conditions during recent years, a 15-year time series (1997-2011) of RADARSAT-1/2 ScanSAR Wide Swath, ASAR Wide Swath and Landsat acquisitions were analyzed. Results show that earlier melt onset occurred earlier for all 11 polar-desert and polar-oasis lakes that were investigated. With the exception of Lower Murray Lake, all lakes experienced earlier ice-minimum and water-clear-of-ice dates, with greater changes being observed for polar-oasis lakes (9-23.6 days earlier water-clear-of-ice for lakes located in polar oases and 1.6-20 days earlier water-clear-of-ice for polar-desert lakes). Additionally, results suggest that some lakes may be transitioning from a perennial to a seasonal ice regime, with only a few lakes maintaining a perennial ice cover on occasional years. Aside Lake Hazen and Murray Lakes that preserved their ice cover during the summer of 2009, no residual ice was observed on any of the other lakes from 2007 to 2011. This research provides the foundation of a lake-ice monitoring network that can be built on with the newly launched and future SAR and multispectral missions. Additionally, this study shows that in response to warmer climate conditions, Arctic lakes are experiencing regime shifts with overall shorter ice seasons, thinner ice covers, fewer lakes that freeze to the bottom and more lakes that lose the perennial ice cover and experience a seasonal ice regime.
Download or read book Snow Watch 92 Detection Strategies for Snow and Ice written by Robert G. Crane and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Satellite Monitoring of Lake Ice Breakup on the Laurentian Shield as a Robust Climate Indicator written by Randolph Hamilton Wynne and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Assessment of the Utility of Monitoring Phenological Changes in Lake Ice as an Integrative Indicator of Regional Climate Change Using the AVHRR written by Randolph Hamilton Wynne and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Freezing of Lakes and the Evolution of Their Ice Cover written by Matti Leppäranta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-05 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book updates the first edition for the status of knowledge in the physics of lake ice and the interactions between the ice cover and the liquid water underneath. Since the first edition was written in 2013, there has been a lot of progress in the field, in particular concerning environmental questions and the impact of climate change. Life conditions in ice-covered lakes and practical matters are now brought more into the picture so that the revision also properly serves as a handbook for applications. The author has worked widely with boreal lakes, polar lakes and Central Asian lakes that provides a wide geographical spectrum. Chapter 1 gives a brief overview and presents the research fields. The second chapter contains the classification of ice-covered lakes and observation techniques, especially remote sensing. In Chapter 3, the structure and properties of lake ice are presented including optics and geochemistry. Ice growth and melting are treated in Chapter 4, while the following chapter focuses on ice mechanics with applications to traffic on ice and ice loads. Chapter 6 goes into the exotic environment of pro-glacial lakes. Chapter 7 contains the stratification and circulation of the water body beneath lake ice, Chapter 8 presents the winter ecology of freezing lakes and discusses the lake ice interface toward the society, and Chapter 9 summarizes the climate change impact on lake ice seasons. The book ends into a brief closing chapter and list of references. Research problems for student learning are listed throughout the book. Annexes are included to provide numerical data of constants and standard formulae to help practical calculations and student tasks. Lake ice closely interacts with human living conditions, but people have learnt to live with that and to utilize the ice. In the present time this is true for on-ice traffic and recreation activities. Ice fishing has become a widely enjoyed hobby, and winter sports such as skiing, skating, and ice sailing are popular activities on frozen lakes. The lake ice response to eventual climate warming would appear as a shortening of the ice season due to the increasing air temperature and also as changing of the quality of the ice seasons via changes in ice thickness and structure. The book gives the whole story of lake ice into a single volume. The second, revised edition updates the content based on recent progress in winter limnology and ice physics research and applications. The author has contributed to lake ice research since the 1980s. In particular, his topics have been lake ice structure and thermodynamics, light transfer in ice and snow, ice mechanics in large lakes, and lake ice climatology. Mathematical modeling of ice growth, drift, and decay are covered in this research.
Download or read book Glaciological Data written by World Data Center A for Glaciology and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Decision Forests written by Antonio Criminisi and published by Foundations and Trends(r) in C. This book was released on 2012-03 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a unified, efficient model of random decision forests which can be used in a number of applications such as scene recognition from photographs, object recognition in images, automatic diagnosis from radiological scans and document analysis.
Download or read book Potential Climate Change Effects on Great Lakes Hydrodynamics and Water Quality written by David C. L. Lam and published by ASCE Publications. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a state-of-the-art review of the climate change effects on lake hydrodynamics and water quality. Most of the engineering cases in this book deal with the ability of existing infrastructure to cope with extreme weather conditions. The case studies are intended to illustrate the advancement in modeling research on lake hydrodynamics, thermal stratification, pollutant transport, and water quality by highlighting the climate change aspects in the application of these techniques. Topics include climate and lake responses, lake thermodynamics, large-scale circulation, wind-waves on large lakes, great lakes ice cover, and water quality.
Download or read book Monitoring Climate Change Impacts written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-11-27 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stresses associated with climate change are expected to be felt keenly as human population grows to a projected 9 billion by the middle of this century, increasing the demand for resources and supporting infrastructure. Therefore, information to assess vulnerabilities to climate change is needed to support policies and investments designed to increase resilience in human and Earth systems. There are currently many observing systems that capture elements of how climate is changing, for example, direct measurements of atmospheric and ocean temperature. Although those measurements are essential for understanding the scale and nature of climate change, they do not necessarily provide information about the impacts of climate change on humans that are especially relevant for political and economic planning and decision making. Monitoring Climate Change Impacts tackles the challenge of developing an illustrative suite of indicators, measurements (and the locations around the globe where the measurements can be applied), and metrics that are important for understanding global climate change and providing insight into environmental sustainability. Eight panels provided input on: cryosphere, land-surface and terrestrial ecosystems, hydrology and water resources, atmosphere, human health and other dimensions, oceans (both physical and biological/chemical), and natural disasters. The book also provides an illustrative set of metrics that are likely to be affected by climate change over the next 20-25 years and, when taken together, can potentially give advance warning of climate-related changes to the human and environment systems.
Download or read book Google Earth Engine Applications written by Lalit Kumar and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-23 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a rapidly changing world, there is an ever-increasing need to monitor the Earth’s resources and manage it sustainably for future generations. Earth observation from satellites is critical to provide information required for informed and timely decision making in this regard. Satellite-based earth observation has advanced rapidly over the last 50 years, and there is a plethora of satellite sensors imaging the Earth at finer spatial and spectral resolutions as well as high temporal resolutions. The amount of data available for any single location on the Earth is now at the petabyte-scale. An ever-increasing capacity and computing power is needed to handle such large datasets. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) is a cloud-based computing platform that was established by Google to support such data processing. This facility allows for the storage, processing and analysis of spatial data using centralized high-power computing resources, allowing scientists, researchers, hobbyists and anyone else interested in such fields to mine this data and understand the changes occurring on the Earth’s surface. This book presents research that applies the Google Earth Engine in mining, storing, retrieving and processing spatial data for a variety of applications that include vegetation monitoring, cropland mapping, ecosystem assessment, and gross primary productivity, among others. Datasets used range from coarse spatial resolution data, such as MODIS, to medium resolution datasets (Worldview -2), and the studies cover the entire globe at varying spatial and temporal scales.
Download or read book The Impact of Climate Change on European Lakes written by Glen George and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-27 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, scientists from eleven countries summarize the results of an EU project (CLIME) that explored the effects of observed and projected changes in the climate on the dynamics of lakes in Northern, Western and Central Europe. Historical measurements from eighteen sites were used to compare the seasonal dynamics of the lakes and to assess their sensitivity to local, regional and global-scale changes in the weather. Simulations using a common set of water quality models, perturbed by six climate-change scenarios, were then used to assess the uncertainties associated with the projected changes in the climate. The book includes chapters on the phenology and modelling of lake ice, the supply and recycling of nitrogen and phosphorus, the flux of dissolved organic carbon and the growth and the seasonal succession of phytoplankton. There are also chapters on the coherent responses of lakes to changes in the circulation of the atmosphere, the development of a web-based Decision Support System and the implications of climate change for the Water Framework Directive.
Download or read book Greenhouse Gas Induced Climatic Change written by M.E. Schlesinger and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-05-04 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of this workshop provide a valuable review of the methodologies of climate observations during the past 150 years, together with a summary of their findings, and a description of the difficulties inherent in their interpretation. In addition the volume reviews the use of climate model simulations of greenhouse-gas-induced equilibrium and nonequilibrium change. Finally, the contributed papers consider the methodologies of climate change detection by comparison of model simulations and climate observations, a summary of findings, and a description of what should be done to detect GHG-induced climate change. The volume will be of particular interest to researchers and students in the fields of meteorology, atmospheric science, oceanography, global change and climate impact assessement. Scientists in related fields will find much of value also.
Download or read book Remote Sensing in Northern Hydrology written by Claude R. Dugua and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 2005-01-14 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 163. The North, with its vast and varied landscapes, sparse population, and cold climate has always challenged its explorers: physically, mentally, logistically, and technically. The scientific community in particular has known such challenges in the past and does so today, especially in light of the projected intensification of climate change at high latitudes. Indeed, there are clear signs that change is already ongoing in many environmental variables: Air temperature and annual precipitation (including snowfall) are increasing in many regions; spring snow cover extent is decreasing; lake and river ice freeze-up dates are occurring later and breakup dates earlier; glaciers are retreating rapidly; permafrost temperatures are increasing and, in many cases, the permafrost is thawing; and sea-ice extent is at record minimums and thinning.
Download or read book The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
