Download or read book On the Complementarity of Commercial Policy Capital Controls and Inflation Tax written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Complementarity of Commercial Policy Capital Controls and Inflation Tax written by Joshua Aizenman and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the optimal use of distortive policies aimed at raising a given real revenue, in a general equilibrium framework in which lump-sum taxes are absent. The policies analyzed are an inflation tax, commercial policy, and an implicit tax on capital inflows implemented by capital controls. It is shown that we would tend to avoid activating an inflation tax for small revenue needs. Furthermore, if the policy target were allocative, we would tend to use only one policy instrument. Thus, each policy has its own comparative advantage, and their combined use is justified when the target is raising government revenue. As a by-product of the paper, we study the determinants of exchange rates, prices, and quantities in an economy subject to capital controls and commercial policy.
Download or read book ON THE COMPLEMENTARITY OF COMMERCIAL POLICY CAPITAL CONTROL AND INFLATI ON TAX written by Joshua Aizenman and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Taxation Implicit in Two Tiered Exchange Rate Systems written by Harry Huizinga and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-11-01 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A two-tiered exchange rate system can be interpreted as a set of separate taxes on money and other financial assets. If the official two-tiered exchange rate system coexists with a black market for foreign exchange, then there is implicit taxation of the international goods trade as well. This paper presents some evidence on the tax rates and tax revenues implicit in the exchange rate systems of The Bahamas (from 1978 to 1995), the Dominican Republic (from 1970 to 1984), and South Africa (from 1973 to 1995).
Download or read book International Aspects of Fiscal Policies written by Jacob A. Frenkel and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together nine papers from a conference on international macroeconomics sponsored by the NBER in 1985. International economists as well as graduate students in the fields of global monetary economics, finance, and macroeconomics will find this an outstanding contribution to current research. It includes two commentaries for each paper, written by experts in the field, and Frenkel's detailed introduction, which serves as a reader's guide to the arguments made, the models employed, and the issues raised by each contributor. The studies analyze national fiscal policies within the context of the international economic order. Malcolm D. Knight and Paul R. Masson use an empirical model to show that fiscal changes in recent years in the United States, West Germany, and Japan have caused major disturbances in net savings and investment flows. Linda S. Kole uses a two-country simulation model to examine the effects of a large nation's expansion on exchange rates, interest rates, and the balance of payments. In other studies, Warwick J. McKibbin and Jeffrey D. Sachs discuss the influences of different currency regimes on the international transmission of inflation; Kent P. Kimbrough analyzes the interaction between optimal tax policies and international trade; Sweder van Wijnbergen investigates the interrelation of fiscal policies, trade intervention, and world interest rates; and Willem H. Buiter uses an analytical model to look at fiscal interdependence and optimal policy design. David Backus, Michael Devereux, and Douglas Purvis develop a theoretical model to investigate effects of different fiscal policies in an open economy. Alan C. Stockman looks at the influence of policy anticipation in the private sector, while Lawrence H. Summers shows the effects of differential tax policy on international competitiveness.
Download or read book Development Macroeconomics written by Pierre-Richard Agénor and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-23 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global financial crisis triggered severe shocks for developing countries, whose embrace of greater commercial and financial openness has increased their exposure to external shocks, both real and financial. This new edition of Development Macroeconomics has been fully revised to address the more open and less stable environment in which developing countries operate today. Describing the latest advances in this rapidly changing field, the book features expanded coverage of public debt and the management of capital inflows as well as new material on fiscal discipline, monetary policy regimes, currency, banking and sovereign debt crises, currency unions, and the choice of an exchange-rate regime. A new chapter on dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models with financial frictions has been added to reflect how the financial crisis has reshaped our thinking on the role of such frictions in generating and propagating real and financial shocks. The book also discusses the role of macroprudential regulation, both independently and through its interactions with monetary policy, in preserving financial and macroeconomic stability. Now in its fourth edition, Development Macroeconomics remains the definitive textbook on the macroeconomics of developing countries. The most authoritative book on the subject—now fully revised and expanded Features new material on fiscal discipline, monetary policy regimes, currency, banking and sovereign debt crises, and much more Comes with online supplements on informal financial markets, stabilization programs, the solution of DSGE models with financial frictions, and exchange rate crises
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although accommodative policies and widespread indexation may account for the persistence of high inflation, they cannot explain changes in the inflation rate. The causes of such changes for the high-inflation episodes immediately preceding the recent “heterodox” attempts at stabilization in Argentina, Brazil, and Israel are examined by computing historical decompositions of these episodes based on vector autoregressions, distinguishing between the “fiscal” and “balance of payments” views of their causes. In all three cases, nominal exchange rate shocks played the dominant role in triggering an acceleration of inflation. [JEL 134]
Download or read book International Capital Flows Economic Problems and Policy Implications written by Nina Pohl and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2000-09-01 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: This paper deals with three highly controversial aspects in the international finance literature: the degree of international financial integration, the economic impact of capital mobility, and the potential role of capital controls in the emerging international financial architecture. Regarding the first aspect, many observers have been influenced by the recent hype about globalisation and in fact take it for granted that capital markets have become almost fully integrated into a world financial marketplace. This paper, reviews evidence that challenges this conventional wisdom, though confirming that the degree of international financial integration is rising. With respect to the second aspect, it is demonstrated that there are circumstances under which the free flow of international capital could negatively impact upon economic performance and/or otherwise welfare-enhancing domestic policies. This finding conflicts with traditional theory and provides an economic rationale for the judicious introduction of capital controls. With this assertion in mind, the final aspect, the role of capital controls, is investigated. The specific question explored is how far restrictions on international capital flows are able to avert a costly economic imbalance arising from fluctuations in the balance of payments. Although the international consensus seems to have shifted in recent years towards promoting Chilean-style capital controls as a potential new building block in the international financial landscape, this paper cautions against such a generalisation of the Chilean experience. Rather, a review of the empirical literature suggests that much of Chile s economic success story in the last decade can be explained by factors other than its control regime. The rising degree of international financial integration enhances the need for small countries to resolve their dilemma of being dependent on external funding and, at the same time, most vulnerable to sudden reversals of international capital flows. Yet, simple solutions of how to counterbalance the potential threats of capital mobility in a second-best equilibrium, are not found to be easily forthcoming. In particular, this paper argues that capital controls are no panacea even less so, if they delay necessary macro- and microeconomic reforms. A worrying feature of the international financial system, partly due to continued innovations in financial engineering, is that [...]
Download or read book Terms of Trade Disturbances Real Exchange Rates and Welfare written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1989-03-14 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many arguments that have been advanced in favor of maintaining capital controls within the EC have not paid sufficient attention to the welfare consequences of this type of market intervention. Our paper provides a simple, optimizing framework in which the welfare consequences of capital controls can be assessed. Two main issues are considered. First, how do capital controls affect the adjustment of macroeconomic variables to real disturbances? Second, what is the nature of second best arguments for maintaining capital controls given that certain distortions will remain after the European single market is in place in 1992?
Download or read book International Economics written by Lawrence A. Officer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Economics is unique despite the existence of numerous books of the same title. It is true that no one volume can capture the entire state of the art of the subject, but individuals can apply their own perspectives to identify crucial issues in the development of the field. Therefore, rather than instructions to prepare "surveys" of subfields within international economics, the contributors to this book were informed as follows: Your essay should present an affirmative but constructively critical look at your subject. It is not meant to be a survey. Rather, your task is to pinpoint crucial areas of development, to offer a critical evaluation of what's going on in the field and where it might go. Your contribution would be your own personal statement of how you see things. It should be written at the professional level. Beyond these general guidelines, you may develop your essay as you see fit. How much of "international economics" should be assigned to each author and how many contributions the book should have, required careful consideration. Traditionally, international economics has been divided into pure theory and monetary theory, suggesting a simple division of the field; but this dichotomy has been overturned by the emergence of litera ture that overlaps both theories. An opposite approach would have been to separate international economics into twelve to fifteen areas, each with a contributor. This procedure divides the field into too many parts and, consequently, overlapping threads of development would be ignored.
Download or read book Government Spending and Inflationary Finance written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1988-11-07 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the relationship between inflation tax and the level of government spending in a public finance context. The key feature of the model developed is that it recognizes the possibility that conventional taxes, such as the consumption tax, may carry increasing marginal collection costs. As a result, and unlike previous findings in the literature, the inflation tax becomes an increasing function of government spending. Furthermore, the more inefficient the tax collection system, the larger the increase in the inflation tax for a given increase in government spending. A numerical analysis of the model provides additional insights into these relationships.
Download or read book Exchange Rates Capital Flows and Monetary Policy in a Changing World Economy written by William C. Gruben and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dramatic growth of international capital flow has provided unprecedented opportunities and risks in emerging markets. This book is the result of a conference exploring this phenomenon, sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. The issues explored include direct versus portfolio investment; exchange rates and economic growth; and optimal exchange rate policy for stabilizing inflation in developing countries. It concludes with a panel discussion on central bank coordination in the midst of exchange rate instability.
Download or read book The Geography of Money written by Benjamin J. Cohen and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The traditional assumption holds that the territory of money coincides precisely with the political frontiers of each nation state: France has the franc, the United Kingdom has the pound, the United States has the dollar. But the disparity between that simple mental landscape and the actual organization of currency spaces has grown in recent years, as territorial boundaries of individual states limit currency circulation less and less. Many currencies are used outside their "home" country for transactions either between nations or within foreign states. In this book, Benjamin J. Cohen asks what this new geography of money reveals about financial and political power. Cohen shows how recent changes in the geography of money challenge state sovereignty. He examines the role of money and the scope of cross-border currency competition in today's world. Drawing on new work in geography and network theory to explain the new spatial organization of monetary relations, Cohen suggests that international relations, political as well as economic, are being dramatically reshaped by the increasing interpenetration of national monetary spaces. This process, he explains, generates tensions and insecurities as well as opportunities for cooperation.
Download or read book Black Markets for Foreign Exchange Real Exchange Rates and Inflation written by Brian Pinto and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1988 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflation could rise permanently and substantially as a result of unifying official and black market exchange rates, even if real government spending remains constant.
Download or read book IMF Working Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NBER Reporter written by National Bureau of Economic Research and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Capital Control Financial Regulation and Industrial Policy in South Korea and Brazil written by Jessica Gordon Nembhard and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1996-01-19 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author examines the theory and practice of government interventions in the financial sector of two newly industrializing countries, Brazil and South Korea. Findings from this study help to explain the widespread use of such interventions despite the generally negative predictions (of inefficiencies and general failure) which derive from more prominent and traditional theories. This work contributes a political-economic exploration of how, when, and what kinds of financial regulations can be successful. Historical and institutional analysis of the use of capital controls, credit controls, and economic planning in Brazil and the Republic of Korea illuminate the ways in which strategic use of specific financial controls facilitate these countries's efforts to industrialize rapidly, and solve the problems of capital creation, productivity, preservation, and disciplined management.
