Download or read book Oil Agriculture and the Public Sector written by Dorte Verner and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a recent paper, Fiess and Verner (2000) analyze sectoral growth in Ecuador and find significant long-run and short-run relationships between the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors. They take this as evidence against the dual economy model which rules out a long-run relationship between agricultural and industrial output and show further that a more detailed picture of the growth process can be discovered, once the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors are disaggregated further into intrasector components. Fiess and Verner extend their initial results and provide insight from a multivariate cointegration analysis of intrasector components. They are able to identify three cointegrating relationships, each of which has its own meaningful economic interpretation--two cointegration relationships capture the direct and indirect effects of the "petrolization" of the Ecuadorian economy. A third relationship clearly indicates a link between agriculture and industrial activity. Since this third cointegrating relationship seems to coincide in time with the trade liberalization at the end of the 1980s, promoting agriculture appears to be an important way to promote sustainable economic growth in Ecuador. This paper--a product of the Office of the Chief Economist and the Economic Policy Sector Unit, Latin America and the Caribbean Region--is part of a larger effort in the region to better understand intersectoral growth dynamics.

Download or read book Oil Agriculture and the Public Sector written by Norbert M. Fiess and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a recent paper, Fiess and Verner (2000) analyze sectoral growth in Ecuador and find significant long-run and short-run relationships between the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors. They take this as evidence against the dual economy model which rules out a long-run relationship between agricultural and industrial output and show further that a more detailed picture of the growth process can be discovered, once the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors are disaggregated further into intrasector components. Fiess and Verner extend their initial results and provide insight from a multivariate cointegration analysis of intrasector components. They are able to identify three cointegrating relationships, each of which has its own meaningful economic interpretation - two cointegration relationships capture the direct and indirect effects of the quot;petrolizationquot; of the Ecuadorian economy. A third relationship clearly indicates a link between agriculture and industrial activity. Since this third cointegrating relationship seems to coincide in time with the trade liberalization at the end of the 1980s, promoting agriculture appears to be an important way to promote sustainable economic growth in Ecuador.This paper - a product of the Office of the Chief Economist and the Economic Policy Sector Unit, Latin America and the Caribbean Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to better understand intersectoral growth dynamics.

Download or read book The palm oil global value chain written by Pacheco, P. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2017-03-03 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is abundant literature focusing on the palm oil sector, which has grown into a vigorous sector with production originating mainly from Malaysia and Indonesia, and on increased palm oil consumption in many countries around the globe, particularly European Union states, China and India. This sector expansion has become quite controversial, because while it has negative social and environmental impacts, it also leads to positive benefits in generating fiscal earnings for producing countries and regular income streams for a large number of large- and small-scale growers involved in palm oil production. This document reviews how the social, ecological, and environmental dynamics and associated implications of the global palm oil sector have grown in complexity over time, and examines the policy and institutional factors affecting the sector's development at the global and national levels. This work examines the geographies of production, consumption and trade of palm oil and its derivatives, and describes the structure of the global palm oil value chain, with special emphasis on Malaysia and Indonesia. In addition, this work reviews the main socioenvironmental impacts and trade-offs associated with the palm oil sector's expansion, with a primary focus on Indonesia. The main interest is on the social impacts this has on local populations, smallholders and workers, as well as the environmental impacts on deforestation and their associated effects on carbon emissions and biodiversity loss. Finally, the growing complexity of the global oil palm value chain has also driven diverse types of developments in the complex oil palm policy regime governing the sector's expansion. This work assesses the main features of this emerging policy regime involving public and private actors, with emphasis on Indonesia. There are multiple efforts supporting the transition to a more sustainable palm oil production; yet the lack of a coordinated public policy, effective incentives and consistent enforcement is clear and obvious. The emergence of numerous privately driven initiatives with greater involvement of civil society organizations brings new opportunities for enhancing the sector's governance; yet the uptake of voluntary standards remains slow, and any push for the adoption of more stringent standards may only widen the gap between large corporations and medium- and smallscale growers. Greater harmonization between voluntary and mandatory standards, as well as among private initiatives is required. Commitments to deforestation-free supply chains have the potential to reduce undesired environmental impacts from oil palm expansion, and while this risks excluding smallholders from the supply chains, such commitments may function to leverage the upgrading of smallholder production systems. Their success, however, will require greater public and private sector collaboration.

Download or read book Implementing sustainability commitments for palm oil in Indonesia written by Luttrell, C. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2018-05-23 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The palm oil sector in Indonesia has seen the adoption of zero deforestation commitments by the larger companies in the form of various pledges around No Deforestation, No Peat, and No Exploitation (NDPE). At the same time, at the national and sub-nationa

Download or read book Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security in an Era of Oil Scarcity written by Julia Wright and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2012 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When other nations are forced to rethink their agricultural and food security strategies in light of the post-peak oil debate, they only have one living example to draw from: that of Cuba in the 1990s. Based on the first and - up till now - only systematic and empirical study to come out of Cuba on this topic, this book examines how the nation successfully headed off its own food crisis after the dissolution of the Soviet Bloc in the early 1990s. The author identifies the policies and practices required for such an achievement under conditions of petroleum-scarcity and in doing so, challenges the mainstream globalized and privatized food systems and food security strategies being driven through in both industrialized and more vulnerable developing regions. Paradoxically, the book dispels the myth that Cuba turned to organic farming nationwide, a myth founded on the success of Cuba's urban organic production systems which visitors to the country are most commonly exposed to. In rural regions, where the author had unique access, industrialized high-input and integrated agriculture is aspired to for the majority of domestic production, despite the ongoing fluctuations in availability of agrochemicals and fuel. By identifying the challenges faced by Cuban institutions and individuals in de-industrializing their food and farming systems, this book provides crucial learning material for the current fledgling attempts at developing energy descent plans and at mainstreaming more organic food systems in industrialized nations. It also informs international policy on sustainable agriculture and food security for less-industrialized countries.

Download or read book The non industrial palm oil sector in Cameroon written by Raymond Ndip Nkongho and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-07-15 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil palm (Elæis guineensis Jacq.) is not new to Cameroon, since it is indigenous to the countries bordering the Gulf of Guinea. People in the rainforest region of Cameroon used to harvest fresh fruit bunches (FFB) from the wild dura variety to produce palm oil and kernel oil, and fell and tap old stands of both dura and pisifera varieties to produce palm wine, which is a much cherished liquor. The hybrid tenera oil palm variety produces the highest yield -up to eight times more- compared to other vegetable oil crops like soybean, sunflower or rapeseed (Mathew et al. 2007; Feintrenie and Rafflegeau 2012; Jacquemard 2012).

Download or read book The Tropical Oil Crop Revolution written by Derek Byerlee and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a broad synthesis of the major supply and demand drivers of the dramatic expansion of oil crops in the tropics; its economic, social, and environmental impacts; and the future outlook to 2050. It is a comprehensive review of the oil crop sector with a major focus on oil palm and soybeans, the two most dynamic crops in world agriculture in recent decades.

Download or read book Agriculture And Economic Survival written by Morris D Whitaker and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-11-28 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1990, in this study the authors have surveyed and anaylsed a large volume of difficult to access or unpublished papers and literature and it organised it into thirteen chapters. Subjects covered include introductory and concluding essays, development policy, agricultural performance, natural resources, the labor market, production, irrigation, marketing and credit of Ecuador's agricultural sector.

Download or read book Foreign Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Growing the Non oil Economy written by Asian Development Bank and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report investigates Timor-Leste's potential to develop a vibrant, stable, and diversified economy that is not dependent on oil revenues. Implementing challenging reforms across the private sector, banking and finance, agriculture, infrastructure, and judiciary requires sound policies and effective legislation. The Government of Timor-Leste shows promising reform appetite and willingness to engage the private sector in developing alternate investment options to attract business to the country. Yet, significant challenges remain to ensure that rebuilding efforts and institutions are managed effectively to benefit all Timor-Leste's citizens. This report was produced by the Pacific Private Sector Development Initiative, a regional technical assistance facility cofinanced by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Government of Australia, and the New Zealand Government.

Download or read book Social impacts of oil palm in Indonesia written by Tania Murray Li and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2015-05-07 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil palm plantations and smallholdings are expanding massively in Indonesia. Proponents highlight the potential for job creation and poverty alleviation, but scholars are more cautious, noting that social impacts of oil palm are not well understood. This report draws upon primary research in West Kalimantan to explore the gendered dynamics of oil palm among smallholders and plantation workers. It concludes that the social and economic benefits of oil palm are real, but restricted to particular social groups. Among smallholders in the research area, couples who were able to sustain diverse farming systems and add oil palm to their repertoire benefited more than transmigrants, who had to survive on limited incomes from a 2-ha plot.

Download or read book Corporate commitments to zero deforestation written by Jopke, P. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2018-04-04 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research critically examines implementation gaps and externality problems associated with the recent proliferation of zero deforestation commitments (ZDC) by large commodity producers. By developing and employing a hierarchical framework, we evaluate

Download or read book Global Review of Agricultural Policies written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Economics of Iraq written by Amer K. Hirmis and published by Grosvenor House Publishing. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meticulously researched and written by Dr Amer K. Hirmis the book takes readers 6000 years back to early Mesopotamian polity, culture, and religious codes which shaped the economy, and continue to shape much of the body of Iraq's polity, economy and society today. Economic inefficiency, inequality and lack of sufficient employment are common threads that run throughout Mesopotamian/Iraqi economic history. The persistence of poverty, high unemployment, conscious discrimination against women, and a polity dictating blind allegiance and obedience from the subjects to the ruler, denied the Iraqis achieving economic development, the ultimate aim of which is the sustained improvement of the well-being of the people. Even when economic growth was attained, it was desperately non-inclusive. With a novel approach to economic development, this book examines Iraq's economy over the past 100 years. It establishes the historical roots in the consumption patterns, nature of the producers, the economic structure, trade, monetary and fiscal policy and resource allocation. In all these areas the echoes from the ancient past are striking. The principles of Sumerian taxes are still applied in present-day Iraq. The book proposes a set of conditions, which will need to be created for Iraq to achieve economic development and functional democracy, in the distant future.

Download or read book Oil Crops Yearbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Public Sector Transformation Processes and Internet Public Procurement Decision Support Systems written by Pomazalová, Natasa and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While many social, economic, and political changes have occurred recently in internet public procurement and its decision support systems, there is still a lot of opportunity for improvement. Public Sector Transformation Processes and Internet Public Procurement: Decision Support Systems brings together research on different perspectives from academics and practitioners on the methods, theories, and practices involved in the growth and expansion of decision support systems as it relates to the public sector transformation process and internet public procurement.

Download or read book Establishing Food Security and Alternatives to International Trade in Emerging Economies written by Erokhin, Vasily and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-07-13 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of food production and distribution has grown into a global corporate system in recent years. This has caused significant impacts on sustainability on an international scale, particularly for developing nations. Establishing Food Security and Alternatives to International Trade in Emerging Economies is a pivotal reference source for the latest scholarly research on agricultural trade relations and trade liberalization in the context of developing countries. Highlighting a range of pertinent topics such as crop productivity, rural development, and value-added agriculture, this book is ideally designed for academics, researchers, graduate students, and practitioners interested in the current state of global food markets.