Download or read book Test No 490 In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Tests Using the Thymidine Kinase Gene written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-07-28 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This TG includes two distinct in vitro mammalian gene mutation assays requiring two specific tk heterozygous cells lines: L5178Y tk+/-3.7.2C cells for the mouse lymphoma assay (MLA) and TK6 tk+/- cells for the TK6 assay.

Download or read book Test No 476 In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Tests using the Hprt and xprt genes written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-07-28 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test can be used to detect gene mutations induced by chemical substances. In this test, the used genetic endpoints measure mutation at hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT), and at a transgene of xanthineguanine phosphoribosyl ...

Download or read book Test No 490 In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Tests Using the Thymidine Kinase Gene written by Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test can be used to detect gene mutations induced by chemical substances. This TG includes two distinct in vitro mammalian gene mutation assays requiring two specific tk heterozygous cells lines: L5178Y tk+/-3.7.2C cells for the mouse lymphoma assay (MLA) and TK6 tk+/- cells for the TK6 assay. Genetic events detected using the tk locus include both gene mutations and chromosomal events. Cells in suspension or monolayer culture are exposed to, at least four analysable concentrations of the test substance, both with and without metabolic activation, for a suitable period of time. They are subcultured to determine cytotoxicity and to allow phenotypic expression prior to mutant selection. Cytotoxicity is usually determined by measuring the relative cloning efficiency (survival) or relative total growth of the cultures after the treatment period. The treated cultures are maintained in growth medium for a sufficient period of time, characteristic of each selected locus and cell type, to allow near-optimal phenotypic expression of induced mutations. Mutant frequency is determined by seeding known numbers of cells in medium containing the selective agent to detect mutant cells, and in medium without selective agent to determine the cloning efficiency (viability). After a suitable incubation time, colonies are counted.

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 470 Mammalian Erythrocyte Pig a Gene Mutation Assay written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes an in vivo erythrocyte Pig-a gene mutation assay (hereafter called the Pig-a assay) which uses an endogenous mammalian gene, the phosphatidylinositol glycan class A gene (Pig-a), as a reporter of somatic-cell gene mutation. In vivo gene mutation tests, such as the Pig-a assay, are especially relevant for assessing mutagenicity because physiological factors, such as absorption of the test chemical from the site of exposure, distribution of the test chemical throughout the test system via systemic circulation, and in vivo metabolism and DNA repair processes, all contribute to the mutagenic responses.

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 490 In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Tests Using the Thymidine Kinase Gene written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-29 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This TG includes two distinct in vitro mammalian gene mutation assays requiring two specific tk heterozygous cells lines: L5178Y tk+/-3.7.2C cells for the mouse lymphoma assay (MLA) and TK6 tk+/- cells for the TK6 assay.

Download or read book Test No 488 Transgenic Rodent Somatic and Germ Cell Gene Mutation Assays written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes an in vivo assay that detects chemicals that may induce gene mutations. In this assay, transgenic rats or mice that contain multiple copies of chromosomally integrated plasmid or phage shuttle vectors are used. The ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 482 Genetic Toxicology DNA Damage and Repair Unscheduled DNA Synthesis in Mammalian Cells in vitro written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1986-10-23 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Test Guideline for Unscheduled DNA Synthesis (UDS) in mammalian cells in vitro describes procedures utilizing primary cultures, human lymphocytes or established cell lines, to detect DNA repair synthesis after excision and removal of a stretch ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Health Effects Test No 476 In vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1997-07-21 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test can be used to detect gene mutations induced by chemical substances. In the cell lines the most commonly-used genetic endpoints measure mutation at thymidine kinase (TK) and hypoxanthine-guanine ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 479 Genetic Toxicology In vitro Sister Chromatid Exchange Assay in Mammalian Cells written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1986-10-23 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay is a short-term test for the detection of reciprocal exchanges of DNA between two sister chromatids of a duplicating chromosome. Detection of SCEs requires some means of differentially labeling sister ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 487 In Vitro Mammalian Cell Micronucleus Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2023-07-04 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The in vitro micronucleus test is a genotoxicity test for the detection of micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells.

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 485 Genetic toxicology Mouse Heritable Translocation Assay written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1986-10-23 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mouse heritable translocation test detects structural and numerical chromosome changes in mammalian germ cells as recovered in first generation progeny. The types of chromosome changes detected in this test system are reciprocal translocations ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 474 Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-29 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mammalian in vivo micronucleus test is used for the detection of damage induced by the test substance to the chromosomes or the mitotic apparatus of erythroblasts, by analysis of erythrocytes as sampled in bone marrow and/or peripheral blood cells of animals, usually rodents (mice or rats).

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 484 Genetic Toxicology Mouse Spot Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1986-10-23 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mouse spot test detects presumed somatic mutations in fetal cells following transplacental absorption of the test substance. This is an in vivo test in mice in which developing embryos are exposed to a chemical (solid, liquid, vapour or ...

Download or read book OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Overview on genetic toxicology TGs written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-04-13 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following a general update of the Genetic Toxicology TGs in 2015, the present Document was written to provide succinct and useful information to individuals unfamiliar with genetic toxicology testing, as well as experienced individuals wishing to obtain an overview of the recent changes that ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 477 Genetic Toxicology Sex Linked Recessive Lethal Test in Drosophila melanogaster written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1984-04-04 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mutations in the X-chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster are phenotypically expressed in males carrying the mutant gene. When the mutation is lethal in the hemizygous condition, its presence is inferred from the absence of one class of male ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 486 Unscheduled DNA Synthesis UDS Test with Mammalian Liver Cells in vivo written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1997-07-21 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) test with mammalian liver cells in vivo is to identify substances that induce DNA repair after excision and removal of a stretch of DNA containing a region of damage induced by chemical substances ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 473 In Vitro Mammalian Chromosomal Aberration Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-29 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This test identifies agents that cause structural chromosome aberrations in cultured mammalian somatic cells.