Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 471 Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1997-07-21 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bacterial reverse mutation test uses amino-acid requiring at least five strains of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli to detect point mutations by base substitutions or frameshifts. The principle of this bacterial reverse mutation test ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 480 Genetic Toxicology Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gene Mutation Assay written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1986-10-23 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This assay may be used to measure gene mutation in yeast, a eukaryotic micro-organism. Strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been developed which detect forward or reverse mutations. A variety of haploid and diploid strains of the yeast can be ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 476 In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Tests using the Hprt and xprt genes written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-29 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test can be used to detect gene mutations induced by chemical substances. In this test, the used genetic endpoints measure mutation at hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT), and at a transgene of xanthineguanine phosphoribosyl transferase...

Download or read book Test No 488 Transgenic Rodent Somatic and Germ Cell Gene Mutation Assays written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes an in vivo assay that detects chemicals that may induce gene mutations. In this assay, transgenic rats or mice that contain multiple copies of chromosomally integrated plasmid or phage shuttle vectors are used. The ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 478 Rodent Dominant Lethal Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-29 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the Dominant lethal (DL) test is to investigate whether chemical agents produce mutations resulting from chromosomal aberrations in germ cells.

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Montréal : Renouf]. This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 414 Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline for developmental toxicity testing is designed to provide general information concerning the effects of prenatal exposure on the pregnant test animal and on the developing organism. The test substance is normally administered to ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 470 Mammalian Erythrocyte Pig a Gene Mutation Assay written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes an in vivo erythrocyte Pig-a gene mutation assay (hereafter called the Pig-a assay) which uses an endogenous mammalian gene, the phosphatidylinositol glycan class A gene (Pig-a), as a reporter of somatic-cell gene mutation. In vivo gene mutation tests, such as the Pig-a assay, are especially relevant for assessing mutagenicity because physiological factors, such as absorption of the test chemical from the site of exposure, distribution of the test chemical throughout the test system via systemic circulation, and in vivo metabolism and DNA repair processes, all contribute to the mutagenic responses.

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 403 Acute Inhalation Toxicity written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-09-08 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from short-term exposure to a test article (gas, vapour or aerosol/particulate test article) by inhalation. The revised Test Guideline describes two studies: a traditional LC50 ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 477 Genetic Toxicology Sex Linked Recessive Lethal Test in Drosophila melanogaster written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1984-04-04 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mutations in the X-chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster are phenotypically expressed in males carrying the mutant gene. When the mutation is lethal in the hemizygous condition, its presence is inferred from the absence of one class of male ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 432 In Vitro 3T3 NRU Phototoxicity Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2004-11-23 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes a method to evaluate photo-cytotoxicity by the relative reduction in viability of cells exposed to the chemical in the presence versus absence of light. Balb/c 3T3 cells are maintained in culture for 24 h for formation ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 484 Genetic Toxicology Mouse Spot Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1986-10-23 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mouse spot test detects presumed somatic mutations in fetal cells following transplacental absorption of the test substance. This is an in vivo test in mice in which developing embryos are exposed to a chemical (solid, liquid, vapour or ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 420 Acute Oral Toxicity Fixed Dose Procedure written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-02-08 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A principle of the method is that in the main study only moderately toxic doses are used, and the administration of doses that are expected to be lethal should be avoided. This Guideline is intended primarily for use with rat. Groups of animals of a ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 452 Chronic Toxicity Studies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of these chronic toxicity studies is to characterize the profile of a substance in a mammalian species (primarily rodents) following prolonged and repeated exposure. The Test Guideline focuses on rodents and oral administration. Both ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 407 Repeated Dose 28 day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-10-16 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from exposure to test substance via oral administration. The method is based on the repeated oral administration of the substance of interest during one limited period (one dose level ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 419 Delayed Neurotoxicity of Organophosphorus Substances 28 day Repeated Dose Study written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1995-07-27 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline is used in the assessment and evaluation of the toxic effects of organophosporus substances. Daily doses of the test substance are administered orally (preferably by gavage or administration of gelatin capsules) to domestic ...

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 408 Repeated Dose 90 Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from exposure to test substance via oral administration. The determination of sub-chronic oral toxicity using repeated doses may be carried out after initial information on toxicity has been obtained from acute or repeated dose ...