Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 429 Skin Sensitisation Local Lymph Node Assay written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-07-23 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The basic principle underlying the Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) in mouse is that sensitizers induce a primary proliferation of lymphocytes in the auricular lymph nodes draining the site of chemical application. This proliferation is proportional to ...
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 442A Skin Sensitization Local Lymph Node Assay DA written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-07-23 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Local Lymph Node Assay: DA (LLNA: DA) is a non-radioactive modification to the LLNA method for identifying potential skin sensitizing test substances and measuring the proliferation of lymphocytes they induce in the auricular lymph nodes. The ...
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 442B Skin Sensitization Local Lymph Node Assay BrdU ELISA or FCM written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Local Lymph Node Assay: BrdU-ELISA (LLNA:BrdU-ELISA) is a non-radioactive modification to the LLNA method for identifying potential skin sensitizing test substances and measuring the proliferation of lymphocytes they induce in the auricular ...
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 406 Skin Sensitisation written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1992-07-17 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from exposure to test substance via intradermical injection and/or epidermical application. In this Test Guideline, the methods preferred over other are: the Guinea Pig Maximisation ...
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 439 In Vitro Skin Irritation Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-06-17 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes an in vitro procedure that may be used for the hazard identification of irritant chemicals (substances and mixtures) in accordance with the UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling (GHS) Category 2.
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 442C In Chemico Skin Sensitisation Assays addressing the Adverse Outcome Pathway key event on covalent binding to proteins written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-02-05 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline addresses the human health hazard endpoint skin sensitisation, following exposure to a test chemical. It provides an in chemico procedure (Direct Peptide Reactivity Assay – DPRA) used for supporting the discrimination between skin sensitisers and non-sensitisers.
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 442E In Vitro Skin Sensitisation In Vitro Skin Sensitisation assays addressing the Key Event on activation of dendritic cells on the Adverse Outcome Pathway for Skin Sensitisation written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2024-06-25 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present Key Event based Test Guideline (TG) addresses the human health hazard endpoint skin sensitisation, following exposure to a test chemical. Skin sensitisation refers to an allergic response following skin contact with the tested chemical, as defined by the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (UN GHS). This TG is proposed to address the activation of dendritic cells, which is one Key Event on the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) for Skin Sensitisation. It provides four in vitro test methods addressing the same Key Event on the AOP: (i) the human cell Line Activation Test or h-CLAT method, (ii) the U937 Cell Line Activation Test or U-SENS, (iii) the Interleukin-8 Reporter Gene Assay or IL-8 Luc assay and (iv) the Genomic Allergen Rapid Detection for assessment of skin sensitisers (GARDTMskin). All of them are used for supporting the discrimination between skin sensitisers and non-sensitisers in accordance with the UN GHS. The test methods described in this TG either quantify the change in the expression of cell surface marker(s) CD54 and CD86, the cytokine IL-8, or a series of genes (genomic biomarker signature) that are associated with the process of activation of monocytes and DC following exposure to sensitisers.
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Test No 442D In Vitro Skin Sensitisation Assays addressing the Adverse Outcome Pathway Key Event on Keratinocyte activation written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline (TG) provides an in vitro procedure (the ARE-Nrf2 luciferase test method) used for supporting the discrimination between skin sensitisers and non-sensitisers in accordance with the UN GHS.
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 4 Guideline No 497 Defined Approaches on Skin Sensitisation written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2023-07-04 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Defined Approach (DA) consists of a selection of information sources (e.g in silico predictions, in chemico, in vitro data) used in a specific combination, and resulting data are interpreted using a fixed data interpretation procedure (DIP) (e.g. a mathematical, rule-based model). DAs use methods in combination and are intended to overcome some limitations of the individual, stand-alone methods.
Download or read book Toxicology of Herbal Products written by Olavi Pelkonen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-07 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a comprehensive overview of the hazards inherent in herbal medicinal products, with systematic coverage of major toxicities. Topics include composition and quality control, toxicokinetics, interactions, safety pharmacology, approaches to studying complex mixtures including metabolomics and systems network pharmacology, and long-term toxicity. The volume also discusses various organ toxicities with a special emphasis on basic mechanisms of actions and the multicomponent and multi-target nature of herbal products. It concludes with a look to future challenges and opportunities. With contributions from noted experts, Toxicology of Herbal Products is a necessary resource for physicians, pharmacists, and toxicologists interested in complex plant-derived products.
Download or read book Skin Allergy An Issue of Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America E Book written by Susan Nedorost and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2021-07-08 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skin Allergy, An Issue of Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America, E-Book
Download or read book Biopolymer Membranes and Films written by Mariana Agostini De Moraes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-06-19 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biopolymer Membranes and Films: Health, Food, Environment, and Energy Applications presents the latest techniques for the design and preparation of biopolymer-based membranes and films, leading to a range of cutting-edge applications. The first part of the book introduces the fundamentals of biopolymers, two-dimensional systems, and the characterization of biopolymer membranes and films, considering physicochemical, mechanical and barrier properties. Subsequent sections are organized by application area, with each chapter explaining how biopolymer-based membranes or films can be developed for specific innovative uses across the health, food, environmental and energy sectors. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, scientists and advanced students involved in biopolymer science, polymer membranes and films, polymer chemistry and materials science, as well as for those in industry and academia who are looking to develop materials for advanced applications in the health, food science, environment or energy industries. Presents detailed coverage of a range of novel applications in key strategic areas across health, food, environment and energy Considers the difficulties associated with two-dimensional materials Assists the reader in selecting the best materials and properties for specific applications Helps researchers, scientists and engineers combine the enhanced properties of membranes and films with the sustainable characteristics of biopolymer-based materials
Download or read book Synthetics Mineral Oils and Bio Based Lubricants written by Leslie R. Rudnick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 1195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting the major economic and industrial changes in the lubrication industry since the first edition, Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants: Chemistry and Technology, Third Edition highlights the major economic and industrial changes in the lubrication industry and outlines the state of the art in each major lubricant application area. Chapters cover the use of lubricant fluids, growth or decline of market areas and applications, potential new applications, production capacities, and regulatory issues, including biodegradability, toxicity, and food production equipment lubrication. The highly-anticipated third edition features new and updated chapters including those on automatic and continuously variable transmission fluids, fluids for food-grade applications, oil-soluble polyalkylene glycols, functional bio-based lubricant base stocks, farnesene-derived polyolefins, estolides, bio-based lubricants from soybean oil, and trends in construction equipment lubrication. Features include: Contains an index of terms, acronyms, and analytical testing methods. Presents the latest conventions for describing upgraded mineral oil base fluids. Considers all the major lubrication areas: engine oils, industrial lubricants, food-grade applications, greases, and space-age applications Includes individual chapters on lubricant applications—such as environmentally friendly, disk drive, and magnetizable fluids—for major market areas around the globe. In a single, unique volume, Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants: Chemistry and Technology, Third Edition offers property and performance information of fluids, theoretical and practical background to their current applications, and strong indicators for global market trends that will influence the industry for years to come.
Download or read book Cosmetic Formulation written by Heather A.E. Benson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-05 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cosmetics are the most widely applied products to the skin and include creams, lotions, gels, and sprays. Their formulation, design, and manufacturing ranges from large cosmetic houses to small private companies. This book covers the current science in the formulations of cosmetics applied to the skin. It includes basic formulation, skin science, advanced formulation, and cosmetic product development, including both descriptive and mechanistic content with an emphasis on practical aspects.
Download or read book A Practical Guide to Toxicology and Human Health Risk Assessment written by Laura Robinson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-05 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicology – the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms is the cornerstone to all aspects of chemical safety and knowledge of the subject is needed in a wide spectrum of fields from the chemical industry to medicine, emergency services, forensics, and regulatory science. Toxicology involves the study of symptoms, mechanisms, treatments and detection of poisoning ... especially the poisoning of people. The many problems arising from a poor understanding of toxicology and its applications in hazard communication and chemical safety motivated the author’s training courses and webinars, leading to this valuable book. Providing a practical and accessible guide, A Practical Guide to Toxicology and Human Health Risk Assessment enables readers to quickly build up knowledge and understanding of toxicology and its use in hazard identification, which is a fundamental part of chemical risk assessment. The book also covers current toxicological testing strategies and the use of physicochemical test data in hazard identification and exposure assessment. Examples are provided throughout the book to highlight important issues along with a summary of the key points that have been covered in each of the respective chapters. The book concludes with a listing of online resources on toxicology and risk assessment.
Download or read book OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Guidance Document on the Reporting of Defined Approaches and Individual Information Sources to be Used within Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment IATA for Skin Sensitisation written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a view to assisting the evaluation of integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA) in regulatory decision-making within OECD Member Countries, this guidance document provides guidance on the reporting of defined approaches to testing and assessment in the area of skin ...
Download or read book OECD Series on Testing and Assessment The Adverse Outcome Pathway for Skin Sensitisation Initiated by Covalent Binding to Proteins written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-03 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document describes the state of knowledge of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for skin sensitisation initiated by covalent binding to proteins, assesses the weight-of-evidence supporting the AOP, identifies the key events, and identifies databases containing test results related to key events.
