Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 3 Test No 305 Bioaccumulation in Fish Aqueous and Dietary Exposure written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10-02 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes a procedure for characterising the bioconcentration potential of substances in fish, using an aqueous (standard and minimised tests) or dietary exposure, under flow-through conditions (but semi-static regimes are ...
Download or read book Test No 305 Bioconcentration Flow through Fish Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1996-06-14 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes a procedure for characterising the bioconcentration potential of substances in fish, under flow-through conditions (but semi-static regimes are permissible). The test consists of two phases: the exposure (uptake) and ...
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 3 Test No 315 Bioaccumulation in Sediment dwelling Benthic Oligochaetes written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-10-16 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes a method to assess bioaccumulation of sediment-associated chemicals in endobenthic oligochaetes worms. It applies to stable, neutral organic chemicals having log Kow values between 3.0 and 6.0, superlipophilic ...
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 3 Test No 317 Bioaccumulation in Terrestrial Oligochaetes written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-07-23 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes procedures designed to assess bioaccumulation of chemicals in soil oligochaetes. The parameters which characterise the bioaccumulation of a substance include the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), the uptake rate constant ...
Download or read book Persistent Bioaccumulative and Toxic PBT Chemicals written by Adam D. K. Abelkop and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed from the efforts of a multiyear, international project examining how persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) chemicals are evaluated and managed, Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) Chemicals: Technical Aspects, Policies, and Practices focuses on improving the processes that govern PBTs. Incorporating science and policy literature—as well as interviews and panel discussions featuring experts from around the world—this book provides you with an international perspective of PBT policies (centering on Europe, Asia, and North America), and reveals major findings and recommendations for improving PBT science, laws, and policies. It includes case studies of specific chemicals, provides an introduction to the overall subject of toxic chemicals, and weighs in on science and policy expansion for PBTs. It also provides summary tables of important PBTs, and discussions on the number of PBTs in commerce, weight of evidence approaches, market deselection, and international management. The text: Assesses the history, current practice, and future of PBT management Considers the roles scientific data, modeling, and conventions play in identifying and regulating PBTs Explores the number of PBTs in commerce and the growing role of weight of evidence (WOE) in the making of PBT determinations Identifies issues that are likely to come up in WOE judgments Examines international, national, subnational, and regional PBT policies Includes a comprehensive and easy-to-understand analysis of PBT science and policy This book reviews the current science, policies, and practices surrounding the regulation of PBTs. It also provides relevant research, recommendations, and suggestions for improving the management and oversight of PBTs.
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 3 Test No 301 Ready Biodegradability written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1992-07-17 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes six methods that permit the screening of chemicals for ready biodegradability in an aerobic aqueous medium. The methods are: the DOC Die-Away, the CO2 Evolution (Modified Sturm Test), the MITI (I) (Ministry of ...
Download or read book Modelling the Fate of Chemicals in the Environment and the Human Body written by Philippe Ciffroy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-30 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on modelling the fate of chemicals in the environment and the human body to arrive at an integrated exposure assessment. It covers five broad topics, namely: future challenges in exposure assessment; the evolution of human health and environmental risk assessment; standard documentation for exposure models; modelling different environmental components (i.e. surface waters, atmosphere, soil, groundwater, plants, aquatic organisms and mammals); and the fate of contaminants in humans. This work draws on the authors’ and editors’ extensive experience and a range of different research activities, including case studies, that have led to the development of MERLIN-Expo, a standardised software package for simulating the fate of chemicals in the main environmental systems and in the human body in an integrated manner. It will be of considerable interest to researchers and students, risk managers, and policy- and decision-makers whose work involves environmental protection and human health.
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 2 Test No 210 Fish Early life Stage Toxicity Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2013-07-26 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The test method described in this Test Guideline, is intended to define the lethal and sub-lethal effects of chemicals on the early life stages of the species tested. The early-life stages of fish are exposed to five concentrations of the test ...
Download or read book Toxicology of Fishes written by Kristine L. Willett and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-02-06 with total page 1118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date, comprehensive toxicology handbook is devoted to the effects of environmental pollution on fish. Fish species represent nearly half of all vertebrates and have become important sentinels for environmental contamination and model organisms for understanding adverse outcomes from exposures. This new edition is written by recognized experts, and it highlights the significant research progress in fish toxicology that has resulted from rapid technological developments in analytical, biochemical, and genomic sciences. The book: Discusses fundamental topics such as toxicokinetics in fishes, processes governing biotransformation within these organisms, and reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. Explains key target organ systems for chemical impacts in fish, such as the nervous and immune systems, and how fishes can develop resistance to chemical toxicity. Covers multi-transgenerational effects on fishes, epigenetics, proteomics and metabolomics, and adverse outcome pathways. Replacing the case studies in the first edition, this update delves into the impacts of microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and oil spills in dedicated final chapters. With nearly 200 illustrations and tables, this comprehensive reference work presents concepts in a way that is useful for both novices to and experts in the field of fish toxicology.
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 3 Test No 308 Aerobic and Anaerobic Transformation in Aquatic Sediment Systems written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-04-24 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes a laboratory test method to assess aerobic and anaerobic transformation of organic chemicals in aquatic sediment systems. The method permits the measurement of (i) the transformation rate of the test substance in a ...
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 2 Test No 203 Fish Acute Toxicity Test written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-18 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fish are exposed to the test substance preferably for a period of 96 hours. Mortalities are recorded at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours and the concentrations which kill 50 per cent of the fish (LC50) are determined where possible. One or more species ...
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 2 Test No 204 Fish Prolonged Toxicity Test 14 Day Study written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1984-04-04 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline presents guidance for measurement of lethal and other observed effects in fish exposed to test substances. It may be used in place of Test Guideline 203 if a longer observation period is considered useful and appropriate and the ...
Download or read book Synthetics Mineral Oils and Bio Based Lubricants written by Leslie R. Rudnick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 1195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting the major economic and industrial changes in the lubrication industry since the first edition, Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants: Chemistry and Technology, Third Edition highlights the major economic and industrial changes in the lubrication industry and outlines the state of the art in each major lubricant application area. Chapters cover the use of lubricant fluids, growth or decline of market areas and applications, potential new applications, production capacities, and regulatory issues, including biodegradability, toxicity, and food production equipment lubrication. The highly-anticipated third edition features new and updated chapters including those on automatic and continuously variable transmission fluids, fluids for food-grade applications, oil-soluble polyalkylene glycols, functional bio-based lubricant base stocks, farnesene-derived polyolefins, estolides, bio-based lubricants from soybean oil, and trends in construction equipment lubrication. Features include: Contains an index of terms, acronyms, and analytical testing methods. Presents the latest conventions for describing upgraded mineral oil base fluids. Considers all the major lubrication areas: engine oils, industrial lubricants, food-grade applications, greases, and space-age applications Includes individual chapters on lubricant applications—such as environmentally friendly, disk drive, and magnetizable fluids—for major market areas around the globe. In a single, unique volume, Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants: Chemistry and Technology, Third Edition offers property and performance information of fluids, theoretical and practical background to their current applications, and strong indicators for global market trends that will influence the industry for years to come.
Download or read book Environmental Toxicity of Nanomaterials written by Vineet Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Toxicity of Nanomaterials focuses on causes and prevention of environmental toxicity induced by various nanomaterials. In sixteen chapters it describes the basic principles, trends, challenges, and future directions of nanoecotoxicity. The future acceptance of nanomaterials in various industries depends on the impacts of nanomaterials on the environment and ecosystem. This book analyzes the safe utilization of nanotechnology so the tremendous prospect of nanotechnology can be achieved without harming either living beings or the environment. Environmental Toxicity of Nanomaterials introduces nanoecotoxicity, describes various factors affecting the toxicity of nanomaterials, discusses various factors that can impart nanoecotoxicity, reviews various studies in the area of nanoecotoxicity evaluation, and describes the safety and risk assessment of nanomaterials. In addition, the book discusses strategies for mitigating nanoecotoxicity. Lastly, the authors provide guidelines and protocols for nanotoxicity evaluation and discuss regulations for safety assessment of nanomaterials. In addition to environmental toxicologists, this book is aimed at policy makers, industry personnel, and doctoral and postdoctoral scholars.
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 2 Test No 249 Fish Cell Line Acute Toxicity The RTgill W1 cell line assay written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-06-18 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The RTgill-W1 cell line assay describes a 24-well plate format fish cell line acute toxicity test using the permanent cell line from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gill, RTgill-W1. After 24 h of exposure to the test chemical, cell viability is assessed based on three fluorescent cell viability indicator dyes, measured on the same set of cells. Resazurin enters the cells in its non-fluorescent form and is converted to the fluorescent product, resorufin, by mitochondrial, microsomal or cytoplasmic oxidoreductases.
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 3 Test No 302C Inherent Biodegradability Modified MITI Test II written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-09-08 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes the modified MITI test (II). This test permits the measurement of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and the analysis of residual chemicals in order to evaluate the inherent biodegradability of chemical substances ...
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 3 Degradation and Accumulation Revised Introduction to the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals Section 3 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-09-11 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals is a collection of about 150 of the most relevant internationally agreed testing methods used by government, industry and independent laboratories to identify and characterise potential hazards of chemicals. They are a set of tools for professionals, used primarily in regulatory safety testing and subsequent chemical and chemical product notification, chemical registration and in chemical evaluation. They can also be used for the selection and ranking of candidate chemicals during the development of new chemicals and products and in toxicology research. This group of tests covers environmental fate and behaviour. In 2017, the section 3 "Degradation and Accumulation" was renamed to " Environmental fate and behaviour" to take into account Test Guidelines measuring endpoints such as dispersion, aggregation.
