Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Israel 2020 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-09-23 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Israeli economy was performing well before the COVID-19 shock but the pandemic is threatening to reverse some of Israel’s recent economic achievements, raise poverty and exacerbate wide productivity disparities between its vibrant high-tech sector and lagging sheltered sectors. Lockdown measures and high uncertainty have led to a sharp contraction in output and reduced employment.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Israel 2018 written by Collectif and published by OECD. This book was released on 2018-03-11 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Israel’s economy continues to register remarkable macroeconomic and fiscal performance. Growth is strong and unemployment is low. The external surplus is comfortable, and the public debt-to-GDP ratio, already well below the OECD average, is still falling. However, Israeli society remains marked by weak social cohesion and significant disparities, which penalise parts of the population and threaten the longer-term sustainability of these good results. Despite better employment outcomes among Israeli-Arabs and the Haredim, workers from these communities are often trapped in low-paid jobs due to their weak skill sets, implying persistent poverty and weak aggregate productivity. Moreover, low social transfers imply that the often large families in these communities face deprivation that contributes to child poverty. High cost of living and house prices also weigh on the social situation and well-being, and public transport deficiencies are detrimental to work-life balance and cause urban congestion and poor air quality. The authorities have continued their reform process over the last few years to address these issues. Making growth stronger, more inclusive and more sustainable will require further action and more public investment in education to improve the skills of Israeli-Arabs and Haredim together with additional product market reforms and better transport infrastructure. SPECIAL FEATURES: EDUCATION AND SKILLS; INFRASTRUCTURE

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Estonia 2019 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-12-17 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estonia’s economy continues to perform well, and growing incomes support well-being. However, the expansion has peaked, and growth is set to soften due to weak international demand. Prudent fiscal policy has resulted in low debt, but spending pressures related to meeting infrastructure needs and ageing are mounting. Old age poverty is high and the proposal to allow early withdrawal of pension funds threatens macroeconomic stability and pension adequacy. The gender wage gap is among the highest in the OECD, and inequalities in income and health are considerable, reflecting gaps in the social safety net. The oil-shale sector is highly energy-intensive and is the main culprit behind Estonia’s high greenhouse gas emissions, but reducing dependence on the sector is challenging, as it is an important employer and meets 70% of Estonia’s energy needs.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Korea 2020 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic activity has contracted less in Korea than in other OECD countries, thanks to the prompt and effective reaction of the authorities to contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus and to the wide-ranging government support to households and businesses. Nevertheless, the pandemic generates strong headwinds.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Greece 2020 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-07-22 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greece’s economy had been expanding by nearly 2% for over three years before the COVID-19 shock. Structural reforms, high primary budget surpluses and debt measures underpinned Greece’s recovery and rising confidence. Then the COVID-19 pandemic struck, abruptly interrupting the recovery and adding new challenges to raising inclusiveness, competitiveness and growth.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Spain 2021 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-05-27 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Spanish economy entered a deep recession in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A strong government response has protected jobs and firms. However, the crisis has exacerbated long-standing structural challenges, such as high unemployment, inequalities and regional disparities.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys United Kingdom 2020 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like many countries, the United Kingdom has been hit severely by the COVID-19 outbreak. A strict lockdown was essential to contain the pandemic but halted activity in many key sectors. While restrictions have eased, the country now faces a prolonged period of disruption to activity and jobs, which risks exacerbating pre-existing weak productivity growth, inequalities, child poverty and regional disparities. On-going measures to prevent a second wave of infections will need to be carefully calibrated to manage the economic impact.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Turkey 2021 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-01-14 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After initial success in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic and a strong economic rebound, Turkey faces a resurgence of cases which puts pressure on the country’s health system, public resources, social cohesion and macroeconomic sustainability. Public finances offer room for government support to the households and businesses most in need, but this should be provided under a more transparent and predictable fiscal, quasi-fiscal, monetary and financial policy framework.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys France 2021 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-18 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The French economy rebounded quickly following the COVID-19 crisis, in particular thanks to the acceleration of the vaccination campaign and strong public support measures. Rapid and effective implementation of the recovery and investment plans would help support stronger and more sustainable growth.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Belgium 2020 written by Oecd and published by Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development. This book was released on 2020-02-27 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Swiss citizens continue to enjoy high living standards on a range of dimensions. Economic growth has slowed but the healthy labour market is still supporting incomes and consumption. However, risks to the outlook are building. Monetary policy has been very accommodative but low interest rates are adding to financial risks. Fiscal policy is sound and debt low. There is scope to make greater use of available fiscal space. Adapting to population ageing is becoming pressing. This trend, along with digital transformation, will bring new opportunities for the economy and society, but challenges as well. Policies have not kept up with rising life expectancy, particularly the statutory retirement age. Updating the pension system and lowering barriers to working longer would ensure that workers continue to receive adequate incomes during retirement. Ageing will also pressure health care spending and increase demand for long-term care. Policies to contain costs and reduce fragmentation in the system can help maintain access to quality care. Switzerland is well placed to seize the opportunities offered by new technologies. Addressing the barriers to adoption, improving the availability of information and helping workers adapt will enable firms, individuals and governments to reap the benefits of digitalisation. SPECIAL FEATURE: POLICIES FOR AN AGEING SOCIETY

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Korea 2018 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-20 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic growth picked up in 2017, but reforms are needed to sustain Korea's convergence toward the income levels in the most advanced countries. Its labour productivity is 46% below the top half of OECD countries, reflecting problems in the service sector. In addition, productivity in small ...

Download or read book Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators Methodology and User Guide written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide for constructing and using composite indicators for policy makers, academics, the media and other interested parties. In particular, this handbook is concerned with indicators which compare and rank country performance.

Download or read book OECD Guidelines on Measuring Subjective Well being written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2013-03-20 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These Guidelines represent the first attempt to provide international recommendations on collecting, publishing, and analysing subjective well-being data.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Colombia 2022 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2022-02-10 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Survey examines Colombia’s economic recovery from the COVID-19 crisis as well as the challenges to ensuring stronger and more sustainable growth. It takes an in-depth look at the social protection system, and discusses reforms that could improve the sustainability of public finances, boost productivity growth and improve opportunities for all Colombians.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys India 2019 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-12-24 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: India has been a growth champion in recent years and has succeeded in taming inflation, the current account deficit and non-performing loans. India's participation in the global economy has risen, with outstanding performances in some services, while the largest diaspora in the world is an asset in developing new markets. India has also lifted many millions of people out of poverty and has made access to housing for all a priority. Ambitious structural reforms -- including better targeted household support, financial inclusion initiatives, the implementation of the Goods and Services Tax, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, the new approach to federalism and the corporate income tax reform -- have played a key role.

Download or read book Understanding National Accounts Second Edition written by Lequiller François and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2014-10-20 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an update of OECD 2006 "Understanding National Accounts". It contains new data, new chapters and is adapted to the new systems of national accounts, SNA 2008 and ESA 2010.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys written by OECD and published by Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development. This book was released on 2018-05-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: - Basic statistics of Greece, 2016 (Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average) - Executive summary - Assessment and recommendations - Progress in structural reforms - Boosting investment - Generating employment, raising incomes and addressing poverty