Download or read book OECD Conceptual Framework for Testing and Assessment of Endocrine Disrupters as a Basis for Regulation of Substances with Endocrine Disrupting Properties written by Nordic Council of Ministers and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existing EU chemical legislation only covers some of the effects caused by endocrine disruption. In the proposal for the new REACH system, endocrine disrupters are covered by the authorisation procedure based on a case-by-case assessment, but no indication of criteria for the assessment is given. Several toxicological and ecotoxicological screening tests for predicting endocrine disrupting properties of a chemical are now under development and international validation within the OECD, but it will probably take several years before the full range of validated testing methods and criteria are developed. In the meantime there is a need for guidance on how to interpret test results from existing test methods and how to identify a substance as an endocrine disrupter. Regulatory instruments that can be used towards endocrine disrupters should also be considered in this interim period. The aim of this project has been to investigate if and how the OECD Conceptual Framework for Testing and Assessment of Endocrine Disrupters can be used as a basis for regulatory initiatives towards endocrine disrupters. The report includes an assessment of the tests in the OECD Conceptual Framework, including specification of the endpoint for the test and reliability and relevance for effects in humans. This report is expected to serve as a basis for the Nordic contribution to the discussions in EU on interpretation and use of test results indicating endocrine disruption for regulatory purposes and furthermore, how to integrate endocrine disrupters in the new EU chemicals regulation
Download or read book OECD Conceptual Framework for Testing and Assessment of Endocrine Disrupters as a basis for regulation of substances with endocrine disrupting properties written by Ulla Hass and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book TemaNord written by Nordisk Ministerråd and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science written by Jann Hau and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-17 with total page 1890 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building upon the success of previous editions of the bestselling Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science, first published in 1994, this latest revision combines all three volumes in one definitive guide. It covers the essential principles and practices of Laboratory Animal Science as well as selected animal models in scientific disciplines where much progress has been made in recent years. Each individual chapter focuses on an important subdiscipline of laboratory animal science, and the chapters can be read and used as stand-alone texts, with only limited necessity to consult other chapters for information. With new contributors at the forefront of their fields, the book reflects the scientific and technological advances of the past decade. It also responds to advances in our understanding of animal behavior, emphasizing the importance of implementing the three Rs: replacing live animals with alternative methods, reducing the number of animals used, and refining techniques to minimize animal discomfort. This fourth edition will be useful all over the world as a textbook for laboratory animal science courses for postgraduate and undergraduate students and as a handbook for scientists who work with animals in their research, for university veterinarians, and for other specialists in laboratory animal science.
Download or read book Principles for Evaluating Health Risks in Children Associated with Exposure to Chemicals written by Germaine Buck Louis and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conclusions, and recommendations -- Introduction and background -- Unique biological characteristics of children -- Developmental stage-specific susceptibilities and outcomes in children -- Exposure assessment of children -- Methodologies to assess health outcomes in children -- Implications and strategies for risk assessment for children.
Download or read book OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Detailed Review Paper on the State of the Science on Novel In Vitro and In Vivo Screening and Testing Methods and Endpoints for Evaluating Endocrine Disruptors written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides methods for both the mechanistic evaluation of the action of Endocrine Disrupter Chemicals (EDCs).
Download or read book Guidance Document on Standardised Test Guidelines for Evaluating Chemicals for Endocrine Disruption written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-03 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is a tool to support regulatory authorities’ decisions on the hazard of specific chemicals when they receive test results from a Test Guideline (TG) or draft TG for the screening/testing of chemicals for endocrine disrupting properties.
Download or read book OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Detailed Review Paper on the Use of Metabolising Systems for In Vitro Testing of Endocrine Disruptors written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-03 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Detailed Review Paper describes some endocrine pathways that have been shown to be susceptible to environmental endocrine disruption and whose disruption could contribute to increasing incidents of some disorders in humans and wildlife populations.
Download or read book Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science Volume II written by Jann Hau and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-04-22 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomedical research involving animals remains essential for the advancement of the medical, veterinary, agricultural, and biological sciences. Following in the footsteps of its predecessors, the Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science, Volume II, Third Edition: Animal Models explains in great detail the comparative considerations underlying the choic
Download or read book OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Revised Guidance Document 150 on Standardised Test Guidelines for Evaluating Chemicals for Endocrine Disruption written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guidance document was originally published in 2012 and updated in 2018 to reflect new and updated OECD test guidelines, as well as reflect on scientific advances in the use of test methods and assessment of the endocrine activity of chemicals.
Download or read book Endocrine Disrupters Developing criteria written by and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modern Methods in Crop Protection Research written by Peter Jeschke and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-05 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook and ready reference highlights a couple of basic aspects of recently developed new methods in modern crop protection research, authored by renowned experts from major agrochemical companies. Organized into four major parts that trace the key phases of the compound development process, the first section addresses compound design, while the second covers newly developed methods for the identification of the mode of action of agrochemical compounds. The third part describes methods used in improving the bioavailability of compounds, and the final section looks at modern methods for risk assessment. As a result, the agrochemical developer will find here a valuable toolbox of advanced methods, complete with first-hand practical advice and copious examples from current industrial practice.
Download or read book Temporal Aspects in the Testing of Chemicals for Endocrine Disrupting Effects in Relation to Human Health and the Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endocrine disruptors are exogenous substances or mixtures that alter function(s) of the endocrine system and consequently cause adverse health effects in an intact organism, its progeny or (sub) populations. Exposure to endocrine disruptors is of particular concern in phases of critical developmental processes, where the endogenous hormonal systems are particularly vulnerable or sensitive to disturbances during certain developmental life stages (e.g. organogenesis), which may consequently lead to serious and irreversible health effects. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is the responsible body for the development and validation of test guidelines for testing endocrine-disrupting properties. The OECD's "Conceptual Framework for Testing and Assessment of Endocrine Disrupters" (as revised in 2012) lists the OECD Test Guidelines (TGs) and standardised test methods available, under development or proposed that can be used to evaluate chemicals for endocrine disruption. However, there are currently gaps and limitations in the existing OECD TGs that hinder the identification of health effects from endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as insufficient coverage of examining the temporal aspects of EDC exposure and effects in the current TGs. Therefore, in order to identify these gaps and limitations of the existing OECD TGs regarding temporal aspects of chemical exposure and effects, a critical literature review on the existing scientific knowledge on this topic was conducted. Afterwards, a comparative analysis was performed between studies following OECD TGs and those using modified or non-OECD TG protocols, e.g. to identify what temporal aspects of EDC exposure and effects have been observed in the non-OECD TG studies but are not addressed in the TGs. This technical report presents the outcomes of the critical literature review and the comparative analysis.
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Detailed Review Paper Appraisal of Test Methods for Sex Hormone Disrupting Chemicals written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-05-10 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This documents servies as the basis for the first step in the consideration and development of OECD Test Guidelines for the testing of chemicals for endocrine-disrupting effects.
Download or read book Challenges in Endocrine Disruptor Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by Alexandra Fucic and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2020-12-08 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insight into the role of hormones, particularly estrogen and testosterone, in health and disease etiology - including interactions with other hormone pathways - has dramatically changed. Estrogen and androgen receptors, with their polymorphisms, are key molecules in all tissues and are involved in a number of homeostatic mechanisms but also pathological processes including carcinogenesis and the development of metabolic and neurological disorders such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can interfere with the endocrine (hormone) systems at certain dosages and play a key role in the pathology of disease. Most known EDCs are manmade and are therefore an increasing concern given the number commonly found in household products and the environment. This book will cover the mechanisms of EDC pathology across the spectrum of disease, as well as risk assessment and government and legal regulation to provide a holistic view of the current issues and cutting-edge research in the topic. With contributions from global leaders in the field, this book will be an ideal reference for toxicologists, endocrinologists and researchers interested in developmental biology, regulatory toxicology and the interface between environment and human health.
Download or read book Setting Priorities for Further Development and Validation of Test Methods and Testing Approaches for Evaluating Endocrine Disruptors written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are substances that can cause harmful effects to the endocrine (hormone) system of both humans and animals. Within human and animal bodies, hormones will act at very small levels and at critical times to regulate e.g. development, growth, metabolism, immunity, behaviour and reproduction. Exposure to endocrine disrupting substances can have life-long effects and the consequences may be passed onto the next generation. The EU has therefore introduced specific legislative obligations aimed at phasing out endocrine disrupting substances. An important factor in the legislative framework and the regulation of chemicals is the availability of methods to identify and assess the hazardous properties of substances. The OECD helps to ensure that test methods (TMs) are internationally and mutually accepted as part of a test guideline (TG) programme. The OECD's Endocrine Disruptor Testing and Assessment Advisory Group coordinates development of testing and assessment approaches for endocrine disruptors. Despite the progress achieved on the development and validation of TGs for evaluation of EDs and associated guidance documents under the OECD auspices over the last 20 years, there are still some gaps and weaknesses in the current test methods for evaluation of EDs. To address these gaps and weaknesses, the European Commission Services organised a European expert workshop in Brussels 30 May - 1 June 2017 with the objectives of: Identifying gaps in test methods; Identifying ways to address those gaps; and prioritising further development and validation of TMs and testing approaches in this area. The workshop followed an earlier JRC expert survey on identification of gaps in available test methods for the evaluation of endocrine disruptors, the results of which were published in a 2017 report.
Download or read book Revised Guidance Document 150 on Standardised Test Guidelines for Evaluating Chemicals for Endocrine Disruption written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guidance document was originally published in 2012 and updated in 2018 to reflect new and updated OECD test guidelines, as well as reflect on scientific advances in the use of test methods and assessment of the endocrine activity of chemicals. The document is intended to provide guidance for evaluating chemical using standardised test guidelines. Specific objectives include providing a description of the OECD conceptual framework for evaluating chemicals for endocrine disruption, background on the standardised test methods used, and guidance for interpreting the outcome of individual tests. The general approach taken by the document is primarily to provide guidance on how test results might be interpreted based on the outcome of standardised assays. Key questions addressed in the document concern likely mechanisms of endocrine action and any resulting apical effects that can be attributed to such action. The document is not proscriptive but provides suggestions for possible next steps in testing (if any) which might be appropriate for a regulatory authority to take, given the various data scenarios. The guidance document is focused primarily on endocrine modalities included in the conceptual framework; estrogen, androgen, and thyroid mediated endocrine disruption and chemicals that interfer with steroidogenesis.
