Download or read book Oceanic Basalts written by P.A. Floyd and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basalt is the most voluminous of all the igneous rocks. Extensive field, experimental, petrographic and geochemical studies of basalt have provided us with a considerable understanding of igneous petrogenesis, plate tectonics, and crust-mantle interaction and exchange. One important aspect of geology that has developed over the last few decades is the study of oceanic basalts. The ocean basins cover about two thirds of the earth's surface and are floored by a basement of oceanic basalt that is continuously undergoing generation at spreading centres and destruction at subduction zones, a process which throughout geological time is recognized as the principal means of generating new crust. The study of oceanic basalts enables us to understand better the generation and recycling of crustal materials (including the continental crust), and the exchange between oceanic crust and seawater via hydrothermal activity. Compositional variations displayed by oceanic basalts provide windows into the mantle, and the identification of isotopically-distinct mantle reservoirs demonstrates that the source of oceanic basalts is heterogeneous and is controlled by convection and reservoir interactions within the mantle.
Download or read book Oceanic Basalts written by P.A. Floyd and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oceanic basalts are the most abundant rock type found at the earth's surface, and as such they have been the subject of considerable research, particularly since the concept of sea-floor spreading became widely accepted. This book provides a review of these rocks, first dicussing how we sample the ocean floor and what we know about the structure of the oceanic crust, followed by an overview of the various regional settings (Pacific crust, Atlantic crust, marginal basins, seamounts and islands) and finally examines the main processes (and their interactions) which prevail during the generation and emplacement of oceanic basalt magmas. This is a volume for geologists, geochemists and geophysicists and a source of reference for advanced undergraduate students and postgraduates in these disciplines.
Download or read book Oceanic Basalts written by P.A. Floyd and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-10-31 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oceanic basalts are the most abundant rock type found at the earth's surface, and as such they have been the subject of considerable research, particularly since the concept of sea-floor spreading became widely accepted. This book provides a review of these rocks, first dicussing how we sample the ocean floor and what we know about the structure of the oceanic crust, followed by an overview of the various regional settings (Pacific crust, Atlantic crust, marginal basins, seamounts and islands) and finally examines the main processes (and their interactions) which prevail during the generation and emplacement of oceanic basalt magmas. This is a volume for geologists, geochemists and geophysicists and a source of reference for advanced undergraduate students and postgraduates in these disciplines.
Download or read book The Hydrothermal Alteration of Oceanic Basalts by Seawater written by Susan Elizabeth Humphris and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 982 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION OF OCEANIC BASALTS FROM DSDP HOLE 504B AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF MICROSTRUCTURES ALTERATION MECHANISMS AND VARIATIONS IN MINERAL CHEMISTRY MID OCEAN RIDGE written by YEN-HONG SHAU and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: appears to be mainly controlled by kinetic factors. Parageneses and compositions of phyllosilicates strongly depend upon available chemical components from precursor minerals or fluids. The alteration of other phases such as plagioclase and titanomagnetite provides components for formation of phyllosilicates. The degree of alteration in the basalts is mainly controlled by fluid/rock ratios, which in turn are determined by rock permeability.
Download or read book Earth Processes written by Asish Basu and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1996-01-09 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 95. Publication of this monograph will coincide, to a precision of a few per mil, with the centenary of Henri Becquerel's discovery of "radiations actives" (C. R. Acad. Sci., Feb. 24, 1896). In 1896 the Earth was only 40 million years old according to Lord Kelvin. Eleven years later, Boltwood had pushed the Earth's age past 2000 million years, based on the first U/Pb chemical dating results. In exciting progression came discovery of isotopes by J. J. Thomson in 1912, invention of the mass spectrometer by Dempster (1918) and Aston (1919), the first measurement of the isotopic composition of Pb (Aston, 1927) and the final approach, using Pb-Pb isotopic dating, to the correct age of the Earth: close-2.9 Ga (Gerling, 1942), closer-3.0 Ga (Holmes, 1949) and closest-4.50 Ga (Patterson, Tilton and Inghram, 1953).
Download or read book Caribbean Geophysical Tectonic and Petrologic Studies written by Thomas W. Donnelly and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 1971-01-01 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Igneous Petrology written by Alexander R. McBirney and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2007 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of Igneous Petrology has evolved greatly in the past years. McBirney's new Third Edition, completely revised and updated, presents a modern and integrated survey of the geological and genetic relations of igneous rocks. It illustrates how modern geochemical and geophysical methods can be combined with field relations to understand the generational and compositional evolution of magmas.
Download or read book Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project written by Scripps Institution of Oceanography and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program written by Ocean Drilling Program and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vol. 174AX bound with Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program. Scientific results Vol. 174A.
Download or read book Trace Elements in Igneous Petrology written by C.J. Allègre and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trace Elements in Igneous Petrology, 5: Developments in Petrology: A Volume in Memory of Paul W. Gast focuses on the contributions and influence of Gast in petrology, including crystallization, magmatic processes, isotopic composition, and ocean ridge basalt chemistry. The selection first takes a look at quantitative models of trace element behavior in magmatic processes; application of trace elements to the petrogenesis of igneous rocks of granitic composition; and an assessment of local and regional isotopic equilibrium in the mantle. Discussions focus on evidence derived from time constraints, scale of isotopic disequilibrium, fractional crystallization, trace element modeling, geodynamics and tectonic setting, partition coefficients, quantitative models for trace elements, and parameter determination and inverse-problem solution. The publication then examines the isotopic composition of lead in oceanic basalt and its implication to mantle evolution; strontium isotopes in basalts from the Pacific Ocean basin; and trace elements in ocean ridge basalts. Concerns cover variations in ocean ridge basalt chemistry, trace elements in ocean ridge basalts, disequilibrium partial melting, seawater alteration, background for lead isotope tracer studies, and uranium, thorium, and lead concentrations in basalts. The book examines trace elements and anorthosite genesis, lead isotopes in Archaean plutonic rocks, early Archaean rocks and geochemical evolution of the earth's crust, and factors controlling the noble gas abundance patterns of deep-sea basalts. The selection is a valuable source of data for researchers interested in petrology.
Download or read book Plates Plumes and Planetary Processes written by Gillian R. Foulger and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2007 with total page 1012 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a collection of papers discussing various hypotheses and models of planetary plumes.
Download or read book Petrophysical Properties of Crystalline Rocks written by Peter K. Harvey and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2005 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Earth as an Evolving Planetary System written by Kent C. Condie and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth as an Evolving Planetary System, Third Edition, examines the various subsystems that play a role in the evolution of the Earth, including subsystems in the crust, mantle, core, atmosphere, oceans, and life. This third edition includes 30% new material and, for the first time, includes full color images in both the print and electronic versions. Topics in the great events chapters are now included in the beginning of the book, with the addition of a new feature of breakout boxes for each event. The second half of the book now focuses on a better understanding of Earth's history by looking at the interactions of the subsystems over time. The Earth’s atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere, crustal and mantle evolution, the supercontinent cycle, great events in Earth history, and the Earth in comparison to other planets are also covered. Authored by a world leader in tectonics who also authored the two previous editions Presents comprehensive coverage of the Earth's history that is relevant for both students and teachers Includes important section on Comparative Planetary Evolution, not found in other textbooks All illustrations presented throughout both the print and electronic versions in full color
Download or read book The Evolution of the Rheic Ocean written by Ulf Linnemann and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2007 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geological evolution of middle to late Paleozoic rocks in the Avalon terrane of northern mainland Nova Scotia, Canadian Appalachians: a record of tectonothermal activity along the northern margin of the Rheic Ocean in the Appalachian-Caledonide orogen.
Download or read book Geochemistry and Mineral Formation in the Earth Surface written by Rafael Rodríguez-Clemente and published by Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rifting and Sediments in the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf Regions written by Najeeb M.A. Rasul and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-05-08 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rifting and Sediments in the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf Regions is a unique text that covers a wide range of topics related to the tectonics and geology of the Red Sea and Arabian (Persian) Gulf region. This book is a collection of invited and peer-reviewed chapters contributed by active researchers around the world. The topics covered in this book include tectonics, magmatism, and lithology, particularly in the Red Sea area. The book also delves into the sediments and evaporites of the Red Sea and Gulf. As the area around the Arabian Peninsula is prone to earthquakes, the seismic hazard estimated in the Red Sea region is also covered by several chapters. Each chapter presents new data and offers extensive lists of references for the reader to explore further. With the ongoing debates regarding the structure of the Red Sea, this book serves as an excellent resource for researchers and any individuals interested in the geology of these two unique seas.
