Download or read book Occupational Marginality Employment and Poverty in Urban Brazil written by Vilmar Evangelista Faria and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Occupational Marginality written by V. E. Faria and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Occupational Marginaliyy sic Employment and Poverty in Urban Brazil written by Vilmar Evangelista Faria and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book S o Paulo written by and published by UN-HABITAT. This book was released on 2010 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Data prepared by the Sao Paulo-based Fundacao Sistema Estadual de Analise de Dados (SEADE) in collaboration with UN-HABITAT"--T.p. verso.
Download or read book Urban Socio Economic Segregation and Income Inequality written by Maarten van Ham and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-29 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book investigates the link between income inequality and socio-economic residential segregation in 24 large urban regions in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. It offers a unique global overview of segregation trends based on case studies by local author teams. The book shows important global trends in segregation, and proposes a Global Segregation Thesis. Rising inequalities lead to rising levels of socio-economic segregation almost everywhere in the world. Levels of inequality and segregation are higher in cities in lower income countries, but the growth in inequality and segregation is faster in cities in high-income countries. This is causing convergence of segregation trends. Professionalisation of the workforce is leading to changing residential patterns. High-income workers are moving to city centres or to attractive coastal areas and gated communities, while poverty is increasingly suburbanising. As a result, the urban geography of inequality changes faster and is more pronounced than changes in segregation levels. Rising levels of inequality and segregation pose huge challenges for the future social sustainability of cities, as cities are no longer places of opportunities for all.
Download or read book Women and Men in the Informal Economy written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides, for the first time, direct measures of informal employment inside and outside informal enterprises for 47 countries. It also presents statistics on the composition and contribution of the informal economy as well as on specific groups of urban informal workers.
Download or read book Megacity Slums written by Marie-Caroline Saglio-Yatzimirsky and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at slums and social exclusion in the four major megacities of India and Brazil, and analyzes the interrelationships between urban policies and housing and environmental issues. The challenges posed in Delhi, Mumbai, Rio de Janeiro and Suo Paulo have spurred public reformers into action through housing, rehabilitation and conservation programs. Civil society and the inhabitants of these cities have also begun to get involved. On the other hand, one must wonder whether these challenges were partly created by the deficiencies of these very reformers and civil society, be it their lack of intervention (as advocates of government intervention would argue), or the flaws and inadequacies of their actions (as supporters of the free market would suggest). Are policies alleviating or aggravating social exclusion This book explores these questions and more.
Download or read book Urban Poverty and Violence in Jamaica written by Caroline O. N. Moser and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report conducts a comprehensive analysis of India's stabilization and reform program over the past five years, describing a successful transition from central planning to a more open and deregulated economy. In addition to the progress the country has made, the report cites challenges to future growth and points to areas of priority action, such as improving urban services and investing in human capital. The report addresses specific topics, including (i) fiscal consolidation and debt dynamics; (ii) public expenditure and tax reforms; (iii) money and bond markets; (iv) contractual savings institutions; (v) agricultural trade liberalization and rural development; (vi) investing in private infrastructure; and (vii) the external environment and India's export competitiveness.
Download or read book Informality written by Guillermo Perry and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzes informality in Latin America, exploring root causes and reasons for and implications of its growth. This book uses two distinct but complementary lenses. It concludes that reducing informality levels and overcoming the "culture of informality" will require actions to increase aggregate productivity in the economy.
Download or read book The Long Shadow of Informality written by Franziska Ohnsorge and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-02-09 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large percentage of workers and firms operate in the informal economy, outside the line of sight of governments in emerging market and developing economies. This may hold back the recovery in these economies from the deep recessions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic--unless governments adopt a broad set of policies to address the challenges of widespread informality. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the extent of informality and its implications for a durable economic recovery and for long-term development. It finds that pervasive informality is associated with significantly weaker economic outcomes--including lower government resources to combat recessions, lower per capita incomes, greater poverty, less financial development, and weaker investment and productivity.
Download or read book World Development Report 2009 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-11-04 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rising densities of human settlements, migration and transport to reduce distances to market, and specialization and trade facilitated by fewer international divisions are central to economic development. The transformations along these three dimensions density, distance, and division are most noticeable in North America, Western Europe, and Japan, but countries in Asia and Eastern Europe are changing in ways similar in scope and speed. 'World Development Report 2009: Reshaping Economic Geography' concludes that these spatial transformations are essential, and should be encouraged. The conclusion is not without controversy. Slum-dwellers now number a billion, but the rush to cities continues. Globalization is believed to benefit many, but not the billion people living in lagging areas of developing nations. High poverty and mortality persist among the world's 'bottom billion', while others grow wealthier and live longer lives. Concern for these three billion often comes with the prescription that growth must be made spatially balanced. The WDR has a different message: economic growth is seldom balanced, and efforts to spread it out prematurely will jeopardize progress. The Report: documents how production becomes more concentrated spatially as economies grow. proposes economic integration as the principle for promoting successful spatial transformations. revisits the debates on urbanization, territorial development, and regional integration and shows how today's developers can reshape economic geography.
Download or read book The Shadow Economy written by Friedrich Schneider and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-14 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new data to give an overview of shadow economies from OECD countries and propose solutions to prevent illicit work.
Download or read book From Poverty to Power written by Duncan Green and published by Oxfam. This book was released on 2008 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a look at the causes and effects of poverty and inequality, as well as the possible solutions. This title features research, human stories, statistics, and compelling arguments. It discusses about the world we live in and how we can make it a better place.
Download or read book Women gender and the informal economy an assessment of ILO research and suggested ways forward written by Sylvia Chant and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews ILO research on women, gender and the informal economy. It compares and contrasts analytical and methodological frameworks used in various studies, identifies research gaps and directions for future research, and indicates key findings that may assist concerned ILO units in taking action and formulating policy directions.
Download or read book Race in Translation written by Robert Stam and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2012-05-28 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book State of the World s Cities 2010 2011 written by and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2010 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One billion people worldwide live in slums and that figure is predicted to reach 2 billion by 2030. This new volume from UN-HABITAT unpacks the complex social and economic issues using the novel conceptual framework of the urban divide.
Download or read book Cities on the Move written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing countries are urbanising rapidly, and it is estimated that within a generation more than 50 per cent of the developing world's population will live in cities. Public transport policy can contribute to reducing urban poverty both directly, by providing access and mobility for the poor, as well as by facilitating economic growth. This publication examines the nature and magnitude of urban transport problems in developing and transition economies, particularly with respect to the needs of the poor. It also suggests way the World Bank and other development agencies can best support the development of sustainable urban transport policies.
