Download or read book Nuclear Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-02-25 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal goals of the study were to articulate the scientific rationale and objectives of the field and then to take a long-term strategic view of U.S. nuclear science in the global context for setting future directions for the field. Nuclear Physics: Exploring the Heart of Matter provides a long-term assessment of an outlook for nuclear physics. The first phase of the report articulates the scientific rationale and objectives of the field, while the second phase provides a global context for the field and its long-term priorities and proposes a framework for progress through 2020 and beyond. In the second phase of the study, also developing a framework for progress through 2020 and beyond, the committee carefully considered the balance between universities and government facilities in terms of research and workforce development and the role of international collaborations in leveraging future investments. Nuclear physics today is a diverse field, encompassing research that spans dimensions from a tiny fraction of the volume of the individual particles (neutrons and protons) in the atomic nucleus to the enormous scales of astrophysical objects in the cosmos. Nuclear Physics: Exploring the Heart of Matter explains the research objectives, which include the desire not only to better understand the nature of matter interacting at the nuclear level, but also to describe the state of the universe that existed at the big bang. This report explains how the universe can now be studied in the most advanced colliding-beam accelerators, where strong forces are the dominant interactions, as well as the nature of neutrinos.
Download or read book The Physics of the B Factories written by Adrian Bevan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive work thoroughly introduces and reviews the set of results from Belle and BaBar - after more than two decades of independent and complementary work - all the way from the detectors and the analysis tools used, up to the physics results, and the interpretation of these results. The world’s two giant B Factory collaborations, Belle at KEK and BaBar at SLAC, have successfully completed their main mission to discover and quantify CP violation in the decays of B mesons. CP violation is a necessary requirement to distinguish unambiguously between matter and antimatter. The shared primary objective of the two B Factory experiments was to determine the shape of the so-called unitarity triangle, an abstract triangle representing interactions of quarks, the elementary constituents of matter. The area of the triangle is a measure of the amount of CP violation associated with the weak force. Many other measurements have been performed by the B Factories and are also discussed in this work.
Download or read book Physics at the Terascale written by Ian Brock and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-04 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by authors working at the forefront of research, this accessible treatment presents the current status of the field of collider-based particle physics at the highest energies available, as well as recent results and experimental techniques. It is clearly divided into three sections; The first covers the physics -- discussing the various aspects of the Standard Model as well as its extensions, explaining important experimental results and highlighting the expectations from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The second is dedicated to the involved technologies and detector concepts, and the third covers the important - but often neglected - topics of the organisation and financing of high-energy physics research. A useful resource for students and researchers from high-energy physics.
Download or read book Beam Acceleration In Crystals And Nanostructures Proceedings Of The Workshop written by Gerard Mourou and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Recent advancements in generation of intense X-ray laser ultrashort pulses open opportunities for particle acceleration in solid-state plasmas. Wakefield acceleration in crystals or carbon nanotubes shows promise of unmatched ultra-high accelerating gradients and possibility to shape the future of high energy physics colliders. This book summarizes the discussions of the "Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures" (Fermilab, June 24-25, 2019), presents next steps in theory and modeling and outlines major physics and technology challenges toward proof-of-principle demonstration experiments"--Publisher's website.
Download or read book Discovery Of The Higgs Boson written by Aleandro Nisati and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-08-26 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent observation of the Higgs boson has been hailed as the scientific discovery of the century and led to the 2013 Nobel Prize in physics. This book describes the detailed science behind the decades-long search for this elusive particle at the Large Electron Positron Collider at CERN and at the Tevatron at Fermilab and its subsequent discovery and characterization at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Written by physicists who played leading roles in this epic search and discovery, this book is an authoritative and pedagogical exposition of the portrait of the Higgs boson that has emerged from a large number of experimental measurements. As the first of its kind, this book should be of interest to graduate students and researchers in particle physics.
Download or read book Elementary Particles Accelerators and Colliders written by Ugo Amaldi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After a historical consideration of the types and evolution of accelerators the physics of particle beams is provided in detail. Topics dealt with comprise linear and nonlinear beam dynamics, collective phenomena in beams, and interactions of beams with the surroundings. The design and principles of synchrotrons, circular and linear colliders, and of linear accelerators are discussed next. Also technological aspects of accelerators (magnets, RF cavities, cryogenics, power supply, vacuum, beam instrumentation, injection and extraction) are reviewed, as well as accelerator operation (parameter control, beam feedback system, orbit correction, luminosity optimization). After introducing the largest accelerators and colliders of their times the application of accelerators and storage rings in industry, medicine, basic science, and energy research is discussed, including also synchrotron radiation sources and spallation sources. Finally, cosmic accelerators and an outlook for the future are given.
Download or read book Words to Rhyme with written by Willard R. Espy and published by Checkmark Books. This book was released on 2001 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An easy-to-use dictionary of over 80,000 rhyming words.
Download or read book Precision Tests Of The Standard Electroweak Model written by Paul G Langacker and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1995-02-23 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High precision measurements of weak neutral current and charged current processes and of the properties of the Z and W bosons have established the standard electroweak model as correct down to a distance scale of 10-16 cm, and are a sensitive probe of possible underlying physics. In this book, all aspects of the program are considered in detail, including the structure of the standard model, radiative corrections, high precision experiments, and their implications. The major classes of experiments are surveyed, covering the experiments themselves, the data analysis, results, and prospects.This volume is a detailed reference for theoretical and experimental researchers, as well as an introductory text for advanced students.
Download or read book Socially Enhanced Services Computing written by Schahram Dustdar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-12 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Socially enhanced Services Computing deals with a novel and exciting new field at the intersection between Social Computing, Service-oriented Computing, Crowd Computing, and Cloud Computing. The present work presents a collection of selected papers by the editors of this volume, which they feel will help the reader in understanding this field. The approach discussed allows for a seamless integration of people into trusted dynamic compositions of Human-provided Services and Software-based services, thus empowering new interaction models and processes in massive collaboration scenarios in a Future Internet.
Download or read book Identity and Indiscernibility in Quantum Mechanics written by Tomasz Bigaj and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes metaphysical consequences of the quantum theory of many particles with respect to the fundamental notions of identity, individuality and discernibility. The main focus is on the proper interpretation of the quantum formalism in relation to the role of permutation invariance and the adequate representation of the properties of individual subsystems. Two main approaches to the issue of the individuation of quantum particles are distinguished and thoroughly discussed. These approaches differ radically with respect to their metaphysical consequences – while one of them implies the complete indiscernibility of quantum particles of the same kind, the other one restores the possibility of discerning individual particles by their properties. We connect the problem of quantum individuation and discernibility with an analysis of the concept of quantum entanglement, and we also discuss identity over time and in counterfactual scenarios.
Download or read book The Large Hadron Collider written by Don Lincoln and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2014-10 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lincoln, a senior scientist at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and adjunct professor of physics at Notre Dame, gives readers an insider's view of the Hadron Collider from its conception, through its early discoveries and difficulties, to its greatest triumph, the discovery of the Higgs boson.
Download or read book Nuclear Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-03-31 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dramatic progress has been made in all branches of physics since the National Research Council's 1986 decadal survey of the field. The Physics in a New Era series explores these advances and looks ahead to future goals. The series includes assessments of the major subfields and reports on several smaller subfields, and preparation has begun on an overview volume on the unity of physics, its relationships to other fields, and its contributions to national needs. Nuclear Physics is the latest volume of the series. The book describes current activity in understanding nuclear structure and symmetries, the behavior of matter at extreme densities, the role of nuclear physics in astrophysics and cosmology, and the instrumentation and facilities used by the field. It makes recommendations on the resources needed for experimental and theoretical advances in the coming decade.
Download or read book Endohedral Fullerenes Electron Transfer and Spin written by Alexey A. Popov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-28 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses recent progress in endohedral fullerenes – their production and separation techniques, as well as their characterization and properties. Furthermore, the book delves into the all-important issue of stability by investigating electron transfer between the encapsulated metal species and the carbon cage. It also reviews spin-based phenomena caused by the shielding of endohedral spin by the fullerene, and analyzes formation of the spin states by charge transfer as studied by electron spin resonance. Tuning of charge states of endohedral species and of spin states of both the cage and the cluster are explained. Finally, the book considers the recent discovery of magnetism in some endohedral fullerenes, and the potential for quantum computing.
Download or read book LHC Physics written by T. Binoth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-04-25 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the phenomenology of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, LHC Physics focuses on the first years of data collected at the LHC as well as the experimental and theoretical tools involved. It discusses a broad spectrum of experimental and theoretical activity in particle physics, from the searches for the Higgs boson and physics beyond the Standard Model to studies of quantum chromodynamics, the B-physics sector, and the properties of dense hadronic matter in heavy-ion collisions. Covering the topics in a pedagogical manner, the book introduces the theoretical and phenomenological framework of hadron collisions and presents the current theoretical models of frontier physics. It offers overviews of the main detector components, the initial calibration procedures, and search strategies. The authors also provide explicit examples of physics analyses drawn from the recently shut down Tevatron. In the coming years, or perhaps even sooner, the LHC experiments may reveal the Higgs boson and offer insight beyond the Standard Model. Written by some of the most prominent and active researchers in particle physics, this volume equips new physicists with the theory and tools needed to understand the various LHC experiments and prepares them to make future contributions to the field.
Download or read book Unitary Symmetry and Elementary Particles written by D. B. Lichtenberg and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unitary Symmetry and Elementary Particles discusses the role of symmetry in elementary particle physics. The book reviews the theory of abstract groups and group representations including Eigenstates, cosets, conjugate classes, unitary vector spaces, unitary representations, multiplets, and conservation laws. The text also explains the concept of Young Diagrams or Young Tableaux to prove the basis functions of the unitary irreducible representations of the unitary group SU(n). The book defines Lie groups, Lie algebras, and gives some examples of these groups. The basis vectors of irreducible unitary representations of Lie groups constitute a multiplet, which according to Racah (1965) and Behrends et al. (1962) can have properties of weights. The text also explains the properties of Clebsch-Gordan coefficients and the Wigner-Eckart theorem. SU(3) multiplets have members classified as hadrons (strongly interacting particles), of which one characteristic show that the mass differences of these members have some regular properties. The Gell-Mann and Ne-eman postulate also explains another characteristic peculiar to known multiplets. The book describes the quark model, as well as, the uses of the variants of the quark model. This collection is suitable for researchers and scientists in the field of applied mathematics, nuclear physics, and quantum mechanics.
Download or read book Lepton Pair Production written by J. Thanh Van Tran and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1981 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Muography written by László Oláh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-25 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A technique for visualizing Earth's subsurface at high resolution Hidden out of sight in Earth’s subsurface are a range of geophysical structures, processes, and material movements. Muography is a passive and non-destructive remote sensing technique that visualizes the internal structure of solid geological structures at high resolution, similar in process to X-ray radiography of human bodies. Muography: Exploring Earth's Subsurface with Elementary Particles explores the application of this imaging technique in the geosciences and how it can complement conventional geophysical observations. Volume highlights include: Principles of muography and pioneering works in the field Different approaches for muographic image processing Observing volcanic structures and activity with muography Using muography for geophysical exploration and mining engineering Potential environmental applications of muography Latest technological developments in muography The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
