Download or read book Nutritive Evaluation of Botswanan Range Grasses for Beef Production written by Botsang Peggy Mosienyane and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Livestock Development In Subsaharan Africa written by James R Simpson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nations of Subsaharan Africa experienced declining levels of food production per capita throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, particularly in the area of livestock production. Addressing that problem, the authors of this book assess in a systems context the environmental, biological, and social constraints on future African livestock development and consider prospects for improving productivity, They focus especially on changes needed in production and marketing systems, pointing to important policy considerations . The book is divided into four parts containing twenty-one chapters, each authored by one or more respective authorities in his or her field. Each section in its own way addresses the entire set of questions; topics include aspects of animal breeding and nutrition, anthropology, economics, ecology, farming systems, governmental policy, land tenure, marketing, modelling, and veterinary medicine.
Download or read book Forage Evaluation and Animal Performance on Abandoned New York Hillside Farm Land written by Hyder Osman Abdalla and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Range Grasses for Morphological and Nutritive Attributes written by Muhammad Farooq Azhar and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rangelands are found roughly on fifty percent area of the earth and present nearly in all continents of the world. Grasses, herbs, forbs and shrubs are the dominant plant species in rangelands. Rangelands play a significant role in the livelihoods of vast number of rural people by providing forage and feed to livestock. The vegetation of the major rangelands of Pakistan like any other developing country of the world is associated with infertile soils, soil erosions, overgrazing and other environmental extremes. Grasses are the major component of the Rangelands and are highest potential yielder of starch and protein. Being the most palatable and nutritive stuff, grasses is good fodder source for the grazing animals. In view of the above said facts, the paramount importance and magnitude of generic variability of the grasses, various morphological and nutritional parameters of grass species have been investigated. The present study can be useful in the breeding programmes of forage grasses for developing their drought tolerance.
Download or read book Influence of Livestock Grazing Within Piospheres Under Free Range and Controlled Conditions in Botswana written by Wanda Nchidzi Mphinyane and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study was conducted in the Eastern Kalahari sandveld of Botswana on a shrub savanna vegetation type dominated by Terminalia sericea / Boscia albitrunca / Grewia flava and Dichrostachys cinerea woodland. It was initiated in an attempt to determine the impact of livestock grazing within piospheres on soil nutrients, range condition and the influence of season on forage quality and diet composition of livestock. The study was centered around the water points and conducted on both free range grazing and controlled conditions. Measurements on soil and vegetation attributes were recorded at particular points along the transects from the water point. Vegetation and livestock diets were measured seasonally over a period of two years. Chemical analyses of soil revealed the low background fertility of the Kalahari sandveld. The impact of dung and urine on soil chemistry was localized in the area immediate to the vicinity of the water point. Phosphorus, pH and cation exchange capacity were the most responsive attributes to variation along the transect from the water point. High livestock units carried at any particular borehole had an influence on the level of soil nutrient status. Management plans should aim at a more even spread of nutrients by improving the distribution of water points. The zonation of vegetation along the transect from water point reflected the type of management, indicating different class of range condition which can be used in range evaluation and planning. Heavy grazing pressure and trampling in the vicinity of the water point kills sensitive perennial grasses resulting in a zone dominated by annual plants. High amount of available biomass were recorded during summer and autumn and low biomass occurred in spring. The 3 - paddock system produced less biomass compared to other systems, while biomass of palatable species was favored by the 9 - paddock system. Forage utilization was higher following drought years, when grazing pressure was concentrated on reduced forage availability. Utilization of forage was greatest in spring and lowest in summer. Utilization along the transect from water did not taper off until after 4000m from the water point in the free range grazing situation suggesting that forage availability was limiting factor, while in the controlled conditions the influence of grazing tapered off at 1200m. Piosphere size as determined by the distance livestock can travel was greater in the free range grazing management area than in the controlled management conditions. Canopy volumes and leaf dry mass values reflect quantitative variations in the contribution of relatively small number of woody species. In general, both leaf volume and leaf mass decrease with the increase in distance from water due to the reduced plant density. Grewia flava and D. cinerea contributed substantially to the total leaf dry mass within the height below 2m. Leaf dry mass above 2m was largely contributed by Acacia gerrardii, T. sericea and B. albitrunca. Woody species diversity increased with the increase in distance from the water point. High density of G. flava was concentrated to the immediate vicinity of the water points, while species such as Bauhinia petersiana and Croton gratissimus occurred only at further distances from water. There was no clear pattern in the density distribution of D. cinerea along the transect from the water point. Plants exhibit variations in the concentration of nutrients between species and season. High levels of crude protein, phosphorus and low crude fibre content occurred in summer for most species and the opposite was observed during winter or spring. Crude protein and phosphorus during dry periods were believed to be the limiting nutrients in maintaining nutritional quality in grazing animals. Mature forage generally is deficient, and may require supplementation of crude protein or phosphorus. Crude protein, phosphorus and crude fibre were not influenced by the grazing systems. The nutrient enrichment through cattle dung and urine in the vicinity of the water point was reflected in the forage nutrient content. The micro - histological technique proved to be a useful tool for estimating the botanical composition of livestock diets. The technique, however, under-estimates the forbs in the diet of livestock. Diets of cattle were dominated by grasses all year round with a high proportion of woody plants occurred during the spring when available herbaceous biomass was low. Diet of goats was 72% and 82% browse in summer and spring, respectively. Competition for herbaceous plants was high between cattle and sheep. Seasonal species diversity was high in summer and lowest in spring. Goats are more diverse in their diets compared to cattle or sheep which have a strong similarity in their diets.
Download or read book A Guide to Theses and Dissertations on Botswana 1982 1995 written by Edwin N. Qobose and published by National Institute of Development Research & Documentation N. This book was released on 1996 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Beef Production Range Management in Botswana written by Botswana. Animal Production Research Unit and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Nutritive Value of Common Range Grasses in Selokolela Communial Grazing Area in the Southern District of Botswana written by Teita Olebile and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Nutritional Ecology of Game and Cattle on a Kenyan Ranch written by Jess D. Reed and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Beef Cattle and Range Research Programme in Botswana 1970 73 written by Botswana. Animal Production Research Unit and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 20 Years of Animal Production and Range Research in Botswana written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Integrated Programme of Beef Cattle and Range Research in Botswana 1970 1977 written by Botswana. Animal Production Research Unit and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Beef Cattle Production from Tropical Pastures written by Martyn Holt Butterworth and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutritive values of tropical forages and nutrient requirements of beef cattle; Phosphhorus deficiencies and their correction; General mineral studies and deficiencies of other major minerals and their correction; Trace element deficiencies and their correction; Energy and protein supplementation of breeding stock; Legume based pastures; Fertilization of pastires; Stocking rate; Deferred and rotational grazing and other management systens; The use of growth promoting substances, vitamins; Irrigated pastures.
Download or read book Livestock System Research Manual written by and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mathematical Modelling of Livestock Production Systems Application of the Texas A M University Beef Cattle Production to Botswana written by and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidelines written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Soil Resources, Management, and Conservation Service and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1991 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
