Download or read book Numerical Weather Model Based Adjustment of Satellite Precipitation Products and Hydrologic Evaluations written by Xinxuan Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quantification of heavy precipitation events over mountainous regions has been a challenge for all types of satellite precipitation products. This research developed a numerical weather model-based adjustment technique to correct satellite precipitation estimates for HPEs. To successfully apply the technique, there are two prerequisites: i) the raw satellite data captures the relative spatial and temporal variabilities of precipitation (id est no significant surface contamination effects on satellite precipitation detection), and ii) the model provides relatively accurate precipitation outputs in terms of overall magnitude (not necessarily location). The technique was demonstrated over mountainous areas all over the world representing varying terrain complexity and climatic conditions. Results show that model-based adjustment outperforms, or at least is comparable to, the gauge-based adjustment for all high-resolution satellite products examined. In addition, the model-based adjustment requires no in situ observations and much less processing time. The results are promising for future satellite precipitation applications over mountainous areas lacking ground observations. Furthermore, the model-adjusted satellite products were used in a distributed hydrological model to evaluate the error propagation on flood simulations. Results showed that the basin outlet runoff derived from model-adjusted satellite precipitation was comparable to the one with gauge-adjusted satellite precipitation, and both of them outperformed the runoff derived from raw satellite.

Download or read book Satellite Rainfall Applications for Surface Hydrology written by Mekonnen Gebremichael and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from a panel of researchers from a wide range of fields, the chapters of this book focus on evaluating the potential, utility and application of high resolution satellite precipitation products in relation to surface hydrology.

Download or read book Performance Assessment of Satellite Rainfall Products for Hydrologic Modeling written by Hojjat Seyyedi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Precipitation written by Silas Michaelides and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Precipitation is a well-recognized pillar in global water and energy balances. An accurate and timely understanding of its characteristics at the global, regional, and local scales is indispensable for a clearer understanding of the mechanisms underlying the Earth’s atmosphere–ocean complex system. Precipitation is one of the elements that is documented to be greatly affected by climate change. In its various forms, precipitation comprises a primary source of freshwater, which is vital for the sustainability of almost all human activities. Its socio-economic significance is fundamental in managing this natural resource effectively, in applications ranging from irrigation to industrial and household usage. Remote sensing of precipitation is pursued through a broad spectrum of continuously enriched and upgraded instrumentation, embracing sensors which can be ground-based (e.g., weather radars), satellite-borne (e.g., passive or active space-borne sensors), underwater (e.g., hydrophones), aerial, or ship-borne.

Download or read book Satellite Precipitation Measurement written by Vincenzo Levizzani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-14 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a complete overview of the measurement of precipitation from space, which has made considerable advancements during the last two decades. This is mainly due to the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, CloudSat and a carefully maintained constellation of satellites hosting passive microwave sensors. The book revisits a previous book, Measuring Precipitation from Space, edited by V. Levizzani, P. Bauer and F. J. Turk, published with Springer in 2007. The current content has been completely renewed to incorporate the advancements of science and technology in the field since then. This book provides unique contributions from field experts and from the International Precipitation Working Group (IPWG). The book will be of interest to meteorologists, hydrologists, climatologists, water management authorities, students at various levels and many other parties interested in making use of satellite precipitation data sets.

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Hydrometeorological Hazards written by George P. Petropoulos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-02 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme weather and climate change aggravate the frequency and magnitude of disasters. Facing atypical and more severe events, existing early warning and response systems become inadequate both in scale and scope. Earth Observation (EO) provides today information at global, regional and even basin scales related to agrometeorological hazards. This book focuses on drought, flood, frost, landslides, and storms/cyclones and covers different applications of EO data used from prediction to mapping damages as well as recovery for each category. It explains the added value of EO technology in comparison with conventional techniques applied today through many case studies.

Download or read book Measuring Precipitation from Space written by V. Levizzani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No other book can offer such a powerful tool to understand the basics of remote sensing for precipitation, to make use of existing products and to have a glimpse of the near future missions and instruments. This book features state-of-the-art rainfall estimation algorithms, validation strategies, and precipitation modeling. More than 20 years after the last book on the subject the worldwide precipitation community has produced a comprehensive overview of its activities, achievements, ongoing research and future plans.

Download or read book Evaluation of High resolution Satellite Precipitation Products in Hydrologic Simulations of Northern Latitude River Basins written by Muhammet Omer Dis and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Clouds and Precipitation written by Constantin Andronache and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-21 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents current applications of remote sensing techniques for clouds and precipitation for the benefit of students, educators, and scientists. It covers ground-based systems such as weather radars and spaceborne instruments on satellites. Measurements and modeling of precipitation are at the core of weather forecasting, and long-term observations of the cloud system are vital to improving atmospheric models and climate projections. The first section of the book focuses on the use of ground-based weather radars to observe and measure precipitation and to detect and forecast storms, thunderstorms, and tornadoes. It also discusses the observation of clouds using ground-based millimeter radar. The second part of the book concentrates on spaceborne remote sensing of clouds and precipitation. It includes cases from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, using satellite radars to observe precipitation systems. Then, the focus is on global cloud observations from the ClaudSat, Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO), including a perspective on the Earth Clouds, Aerosols, and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) satellite. It also addresses global atmospheric water vapor profiling for clear and cloudy conditions using microwave observations. The final part of this volume provides a perspective into advances in cloud modeling using remote sensing observations.

Download or read book Satellite Rainfall Applications for Surface Hydrology written by Mekonnen Gebremichael and published by . This book was released on 2010-04-18 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessment of Hydrologic and Hydrometeorological Operations and Services written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-01-03 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Floods are by far the most devastating of all weather-related hazards in the United States. The National Weather Service (NWS) is charged by Congress to provide river and flood forecasts and warnings to the public to protect life and property and to promote the nation's economic and environmental well-being (such as through support for water resources management). As part of a modernization of its technologies and organizational structure, the NWS is undertaking a thorough updating of its hydrologic products and services and the activities that produce them. The National Weather Service Modernization Committee of the National Research Council undertook a comprehensive assessment of the NWS' plans and progress for the modernization of hydrologic and hydrometeorological operations and services. The committee's conclusions and recommendations and their related analysis and rationale are presented in this report.

Download or read book Evaluation of the Performance of Satellite Precipitation Products Over Africa written by Manuel Merino and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the context of the SERVIR-Africa project, the SERVIR Arizona Team is developing streamflow forecast systems on African basins using Satellite Precipitation Products (SPP) to drive the models. These products have errors that need to be addressed before using them to drive hydrologic models. An analysis of the errors of the Satellite Precipitation Products TMPA-3B42RT, CMORPH, and PERSIANN over Africa is presented, followed by bias correction and error reduction methods to improve the remote sensed estimates. The GPCP 1-degree-day reanalysis product was used as the rainfall truth dataset. The Bias Correction Spatial Downscaling (BCSD) method developed by Wood et al., was used successfully to reduce the errors of SPP. The original and bias corrected estimates from the three SPP are used to calibrate and simulate three catchments of the Senegal River basin using HYMOD, finding that the use of bias corrected estimates produces a significant improvement in streamflow simulation.

Download or read book Precipitation Estimation and Forecasting written by C. G. Collier and published by Secretariat to World Meteorological Organization. This book was released on 2000 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Accounting for Satellite Precipitation Uncertainty in Environmental Modeling Applications written by Samantha Hartke and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satellite precipitation datasets estimate rainfall and snowfall around the world and are a valuable resource for global flood modeling, drought monitoring, and other applications. However, they contain substantial uncertainty (underestimating or overestimating rainfall or missing rainfall occurrences) due to limitations of satellite sensors, infrequent overpasses, and conditions that make indirect estimation of rainfall difficult. Since rainfall is the main driver of processes such as flooding, drought, or slope failures (landslide events), errors in rainfall data can lead directly to errors in predicted streamflow and flood extent, soil moisture, and landslide hazard. Environmental modeling applications that seek to predict or monitor streamflow, flood risk, soil moisture, landslide hazard, and other earth surface processes are limited by the accuracy of the satellite precipitation and numerical weather model precipitation data that they ingest.The goal of this PhD research is to find ways to represent and account for errors in satellite precipitation data, and to thereby increase the utility of such data in modeling applications. Representing precipitation error across arbitrary space-time scales is considered a grand challenge in the satellite precipitation field, complicated by the nonstationary spatial and temporal autocorrelation structure of precipitation error. This work introduces a new approach to representing satellite precipitation, the Space-Time Rainfall Error and Autocorrelation Model (STREAM), that takes on this grand challenge by simulating the nonstationary, anisotropic autocorrelation structure of precipitation error independently of ground reference data. Results show that precipitation ensembles generated by STREAM adeptly capture the uncertainty of satellite product IMERG across different spatial and temporal resolutions and demonstrate the integral role that autocorrelation plays in satellite precipitation uncertainty across scales. This work also uses STREAM to account for satellite precipitation uncertainty in a hydrologic model and a land surface model and evaluates the ability of predicted runoff, streamflow, soil moisture, and other land surface variables to improve on variables predicted using satellite precipitation alone. The STREAM approach presented in this work is promising for future applications because it can 'stitch together' precipitation uncertainty estimates without reliance on ground reference data and is adaptable to other precipitation products, such as error-prone numerical weather model fields.

Download or read book Handbook of Applied Hydrology Second Edition written by Vijay P. Singh and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 1438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully Updated Hydrology Principles, Methods, and Applications Thoroughly revised for the first time in 50 years, this industry-standard resource features chapter contributions from a “who’s who” of international hydrology experts. Compiled by a colleague of the late Dr. Chow, Chow’s Handbook of Applied Hydrology, Second Edition, covers scientific and engineering fundamentals and presents all-new methods, processes, and technologies. Complete details are provided for the full range of ecosystems and models. Advanced chapters look to the future of hydrology, including climate change impacts, extraterrestrial water, social hydrology, and water security. Chow’s Handbook of Applied Hydrology, Second Edition, covers: · The Fundamentals of Hydrology · Data Collection and Processing · Hydrology Methods · Hydrologic Processes and Modeling · Sediment and Pollutant Transport · Hydrometeorologic and Hydrologic Extremes · Systems Hydrology · Hydrology of Large River and Lake Basins · Applications and Design · The Future of Hydrology

Download or read book Numerical and Analytical Investigation of Satellite Precipitation Error Propagation in Hydrologic Simulations written by Yiwen Mei and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overarching goal of the research described in this dissertation is to understand the hydrologic implications of error propagation from satellite precipitation products to hydrologic simulations. The complex interaction between precipitation error and corresponding hydrologic response is examined following a numerical- and an analytical-based method. The application of a hydrologic model forced by various satellite precipitation products is adopted as the numerical-based framework that was used to identify the properties of error propagation with respect to a number of factors (e.g. basin scale, seasonality, severity of rainfall and flow). Results show better consistency between gauges for events occurred over larger scale basins during warm season months that are associated with moderate intensity of rain and flow rate. In addition to the numerical investigation, an analytical framework is developed to decompose the error propagation into space-time components. This essentially allows to assess the relative contribution of the different processes of catchment flood response on error propagation. It is shown that error in timing of flood event is equally attributed to due to error in runoff generation and routing time. Error in hydrograph shape is mainly controlled by the error in the variability of runoff generation time while error in flood volume is predominantly controlled by the error in rainfall volume. Overall, these investigations provide important information for the hydrologic modelers to choose the appropriate precipitation products for the hydrologic-related practice. It also serves as a guidance for the product developers on the designs of more advance retrieval algorithms.

Download or read book Managing Protected Areas in Central and Eastern Europe Under Climate Change written by Sven Rannow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-18 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with an overview of data and concepts developed in the EU-project HABIT-CHANGE, this book addresses the need for sharing knowledge and experience in the field of biodiversity conservation and climate change. There is an urgent need to build capacity in protected areas to monitor, assess, manage and report the effects of climate change and their interaction with other pressures. The contributors identify barriers to the adaptation of conservation management, such as the mismatch between planning reality and the decision context at site level. Short and vivid descriptions of case studies, drawn from investigation areas all over Central and Eastern Europe, illustrate both the local impacts of climate change and their consequences for future management. These focus on ecosystems most vulnerable to changes in climatic conditions, including alpine areas, wetlands, forests, lowland grasslands and coastal areas. The case studies demonstrate the application of adaptation strategies in protected areas like National Parks, Biosphere Reserves and Natural Parks, and reflect the potential benefits as well as existing obstacles. A general section provides the necessary background information on climate trends and their effects on abiotic and biotic components. Often, the parties to policy change and conservation management, including managers, land users and stakeholders, lack both expertise and incentives to undertake adaptation activities. The authors recognise that achieving the needed changes in behavior – habit – is as much a social learning process as a matter of science-based procedure. They describe the implementation of modeling, impact assessment and monitoring of climate conditions, and show how the results can support efforts to increase stakeholder involvement in local adaptation strategies. The book concludes by pointing out the need for more work to communicate the cross-sectoral nature of biodiversity protection, the value of well-informed planning in the long-term process of adaptation, the definition of acceptable change, and the motivational value of exchanging experience and examples of good practice.