Download or read book Numerical study of underground CO2 storage and the utilization in depleted gas reservoirs written by Cheng Cao and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2021-03-01 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered as the most promising technology for slowing down the atmospheric CO2 emissions. However, CCS has not been implemented on large scale because of the related risks and the lack of financial incentives. Regarding the risks associated with CCS, a parametric uncertainty analysis for CO2 storage was conducted and the general roles of different key geomechanical and hydrogeological parameters in response to CO2 injection were determined, which is beneficial for guiding time and effort spent mitigating the uncertainty to acquire trustworthy model forecasts and risk assessments. Regarding the financial incentives of CCS, co-injection of CO2 with impurities associated with enhanced gas recovery was analyzed, which is advantageous for decreasing the cost on gas separation and generating additional economic profit. In addition, the utilization of CO2 as cushion gas in the underground gas storage reservoir was proposed and analyzed, which can also be beneficial for improving the cost-effectiveness of CCS. Overall, this thesis is advantageous for promoting the application of CCS on large scale and mitigating the atmospheric CO2 emissions. Die Kohlenstoffabscheidung und –speicherung (CCS) gilt als die vielversprechendste Technologie zur Verlangsamung der atmosphärischen CO2–Emissionen. CCS wurde jedoch aufgrund der damit verbundenen Risiken und des Mangels an finanziellen Anreizen nicht in großem Umfang implementiert. In Bezug auf die mit CCS verbundenen Risiken wurde eine parametrische Unsicherheitsanalyse für die CO2-Speicherung durchgeführt und die allgemeinen Rollen verschiedener geomechanischer und hydrogeologischer Schlüsselparameter als Reaktion auf die CO2-Injektion ermittelt. Dies ist hilfreich, um den Zeit- und Arbeitsaufwand für die Minderung der Unsicherheit zu verringern, um vertrauenswürdig zu werden Modellprognosen und Risikobewertungen. In Bezug auf die finanziellen Anreize von CCS wurde die gleichzeitige Injektion von CO2 mit Verunreinigungen im Zusammenhang mit einer verbesserten Gasrückgewinnung analysiert. Dies ist vorteilhaft, um die Kosten für die Gastrennung zu senken und zusätzlichen wirtschaftlichen Gewinn zu erzielen. Darüber hinaus wurde die Verwendung von CO2 als Polstergas im unterirdischen Gasspeicher vorgeschlagen und analysiert, was auch zur Verbesserung der Wirtschaftlichkeit von CCS beitragen kann. Insgesamt ist diese These vorteilhaft, um die Anwendung von CCS in großem Maßstab zu fördern und die atmosphärischen CO2-Emissionen zu verringern.

Download or read book Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Carbon Dioxide Utilization and Storage in Enhanced Gas Recovery and Enhanced Geothermal Systems written by James H. Biagi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With rising concerns surrounding CO2 emissions from fossil fuel power plants, there has been a strong emphasis on the development of safe and economical Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) technology. Two methods that show the most promise are Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR) and Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). In Enhanced Gas Recovery a depleted or depleting natural gas reservoir is re-energized with high pressure CO2 to increase the recovery factor of the gas. As an additional benefit following the extraction of natural gas, the reservoir would serve as a long-term storage vessel for the captured carbon. CO2 based Enhanced Geothermal Systems seek to increase the heat extracted from a given geothermal reservoir by using CO2 as a working fluid. Carbon sequestration is accomplished as a result of fluid losses throughout the life of the geothermal system. Although these technologies are encouraging approaches to help in the mitigation of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, the detailed mechanisms involved are not fully understood. There remain uncertainties in the efficiency of the systems over time, and the safety of the sequestered CO2 due to leakage. In addition, the efficiency of both natural gas extraction in EGR and heat extraction in EGS are highly dependent on the injection rate and injection pressure. Before large scale deployment of these technologies, it is important to maximize the extraction efficiency and sequestration capacity by optimizing the injection parameters. In this thesis, numerical simulations of subsurface flow in EGR and EGS are conducted using the DOE multiphase flow solver TOUGH2 (Transport of Unsaturated Groundwater and Heat). A previously developed multi-objective optimization code based on a genetic algorithm is modified for applications to EGR and EGS. For EGR study, a model problem based on a benchmark-study that compares various mathematical and numerical models for CO2 storage is considered. For EGS study a model problem based on previous studies (with parameters corresponding to the European EGS site at Soultz) is considered. The simulation results compare well with the computations of other investigators and give insight into the parameters that can influence the simulation accuracy. Optimizations for EGR and EGS problems are carried out with a genetic algorithm (GA) based optimizer combined with TOUGH2, designated as GA-TOUGH2. Validation of the optimizer was achieved by comparison of GA based optimization studies with the brute-force run of large number of simulations. Using GA-TOUGH2, optimal time-independent and time-dependent injection profiles were determined for both EGR and EGS. Optimization of EGR problem resulted in a larger natural gas production rate, a shorter total operation time, and an injection pressure well below the fracture pressure. Optimization of EGS problem resulted in a precise management of the production temperature profile, heat extraction for the entire well life, and more efficient utilization of CO2. The results of these studies will hopefully pave the way for future GA-TOUGH2 based optimization studies to improve the modeling of CCUS projects.

Download or read book Numerical study of physico chemical interactions for CO2 sequestration and geothermal energy utilization in the Ordos Basin China written by Hejuan Liu and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2014-11-10 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, three simulators (i.e. TOUGH2MP, TOUGHREACT and FLAC3D) were used to simulate the complex physical and chemical interactions induced by CO2 sequestration. The simulations were done instages, ranging from the two phase (water and CO2) fluid flow (H2), through coupled hydro-mechanical effects (H2M) and geochemical responses (i.e. CO2-water-rock interactions (H2C)), to the extension of CCS to CCUS by the application of combined geothermal production and CO2 sequestration technologies. The findings of this study are essential for a thorough understanding of the complex interactions in the multiphase, multicomponent porous media controlled by different physical and chemical mechanisms. Furthermore, the simulation results will provide an invaluable reference for field operations in CCS projects, especially for the full-integration pilot scale CCS project launched in the Ordos Basin. Subsequently, a preliminary site selection scheme for the combined geothermal production and CO2 sequestration was set up, which considered various factorsinvolved in site selection, ranging from safety, economical, environmental and technical issues. This work provides an important framework for the combined geothermal production and CO2 sequestration project. However, further numerical and field studies are still needed to improve on a series of criteria and related parameters necessary for a better understanding of the technology.

Download or read book Underground Storage of CO2 and Energy written by Michael Z. Hou and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-07-07 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the known greenhouse gases, political attention to date has primarily focused on carbon dioxide (CO2), whereby it is assumed that underground storages of crude oil and natural gas through Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology could contribute significantly to global climate protection. Underground Storage of CO2 and Energy covers many aspects of CO2 sequestration and its usage, as well as of underground storage of fossil and renewable energy sources, and is divided into 8 parts: • Environmental and Energy Policy & Law for Underground Storage • Geological Storage and Monitoring • Enhanced Gas and Oil Recovery Using CO2 (CO2 -EGR/EOR) • Rock Mechanical Behavior in Consideration of Dilatancy and Damage • Underground Storage of Natural Gas and Oil • Underground Storage of Wind Energy • State-of-the-Art & New Developments in Gas Supply in Germany and China • EOR & New Drilling Technology Underground Storage of CO2 and Energy will be invaluable to academics, professionals and engineers, and to industries and governmental bodies active in the field of underground storage of fossil and renewable energy sources.

Download or read book ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICACY OF CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION IN DEPLETED SHALE GAS RESERVOIRS written by Ihsan Kulga and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, the possibility of industrial CO2 storage in shale gas reservoirs is investigated numerically by using one of the most advanced computational simulators in oil and gas industry, PSU-SHALECOMP, which is a compositional dual porosity, dual permeability, multi-phase reservoir simulator. A computationally inexpensive "stimulated reservoir volume" (SRV) model which has the ability to generate a similar behavior of an equivalent discrete fracture network model is defined and implemented. Three different commercial production profiles are history-matched by using the SRV approach effectively. It is re-proved that implementation of the horizontal borehole technology and hydraulic fracturing are the two most important factors that will increase the efficacy of methane production and carbon dioxide injection processes. It is observed that significantly large percentage of the produced gas originates from the fractured zone so as significantly large percentage of the injected gas will end up occupying the pore spaces in the fractured zone. Injection of carbon dioxide into undepleted shale gas reservoirs is not promising because of its ultra-tight permeability characteristics. Injection of carbon dioxide into shale gas reservoirs that have produced approximately 30\% of the initial gas in place is promising. It is observed that when 30\% of shale gas production is achieved, up to 70\% of the depleted gas volume is expected to be replaced by carbon dioxide.The storage capacity of the depleted shale gas reservoir can be increased by injecting carbon dioxide at a rather low rate. A low rate injection of carbon dioxide will increase its residence time in the flow domain increasing its chances for adsorption.If the SRV zones of the production and injection wells are not in direct communication, it is not expected to see carbon dioxide breakthrough at the producing well. It is also investigated that contribution of carbon dioxide in enhancing the shale gas recovery is negligible. The study includes developments of four artificial neural network tools that have different production of methane and injection of carbon dioxide constraints. These four forward tools can produce production and injection profiles of a given system within an error range of 3.83\% to 5.23\%. This part of the study also includes four additional artificial neural network tools that predicts wellbore design and hydraulic fracture characteristics within an error range of 8.24\% to 9.93\%.

Download or read book Geologic Carbon Sequestration written by V. Vishal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-11 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exclusive compilation written by eminent experts from more than ten countries, outlines the processes and methods for geologic sequestration in different sinks. It discusses and highlights the details of individual storage types, including recent advances in the science and technology of carbon storage. The topic is of immense interest to geoscientists, reservoir engineers, environmentalists and researchers from the scientific and industrial communities working on the methodologies for carbon dioxide storage. Increasing concentrations of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are often held responsible for the rising temperature of the globe. Geologic sequestration prevents atmospheric release of the waste greenhouse gases by storing them underground for geologically significant periods of time. The book addresses the need for an understanding of carbon reservoir characteristics and behavior. Other book volumes on carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) attempt to cover the entire process of CCUS, but the topic of geologic sequestration is not discussed in detail. This book focuses on the recent trends and up-to-date information on different storage rock types, ranging from deep saline aquifers to coal to basaltic formations.

Download or read book CO2 Storage in Carboniferous Formations and Abandoned Coal Mines written by Manchao He and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-09-16 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Underground geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) has considerable potential for mitigating climate change. CO2 can be safely injected and stored at well characterized and properly managed sites. Injecting carbon dioxide in deep geological formations can store it underground for long periods of time. Depleted oil and gas reservoirs, saline aquifers and carboniferous formations can be used for storage of CO2, as well as in abandoned coal mines. At depths below about 800-1000m, CO2 has a liquid-like density that permits the efficient use of underground reservoirs in porous sedimentary rocks. The papers in the present volume are from leading experts in the field of CO2 storage and were presented at an International Workshop on CO2 Storage in Carboniferous Formations and Abandoned Coal Mines (Beijing, China, 8-9 January 2011). CO2 storage in abandoned coal mines appears to have a bright future. Although CO2 Storage in Carboniferous Formations and Abandoned Coal Mines is primarily intended for mining engineers, environmental engineers and engineering geologists, the book will also be useful to civil engineers, and academics and professionals in geophysics and geochemistry.

Download or read book Analytical Estimation of CO2 Storage Capacity in Depleted Oil and Gas Reservoirs Based on Thermodynamic State Functions written by Ernesto Valbuena Olivares and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerical simulation has been used, as common practice, to estimate the CO2 storage capacity of depleted reservoirs. However, this method is time consuming, expensive and requires detailed input data. This investigation proposes an analytical method to estimate the ultimate CO2 storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs by implementing a volume constrained thermodynamic equation of state (EOS) using the reservoir?s average pressure and fluid composition. This method was implemented in an algorithm which allows fast and accurate estimations of final storage, which can be used to select target storage reservoirs, and design the injection scheme and surface facilities. Impurities such as nitrogen and carbon monoxide, usually contained in power plant flue gases, are considered in the injection stream and can be handled correctly in the proposed algorithm by using their thermodynamic properties into the EOS. Results from analytical method presented excellent agreement with those from reservoir simulation. Ultimate CO2 storage capacity was predicted with an average difference of 1.3%, molar basis, between analytical and numerical methods; average oil, gas, and water saturations were also matched. Additionally, the analytical algorithm performed several orders of magnitude faster than numerical simulation, with an average of 5 seconds per run.

Download or read book Geological CO2 Storage Characterization written by Ronald C. Surdam and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-12 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates geological CO2 storage and its role in greenhouse gas emissions reduction, enhanced oil recovery, and environmentally responsible use of fossil fuels. Written for energy/environmental regulators at every level of government (federal, state, etc.), scientists/academics, representatives from the power and fossil energy sectors, NGOs, and other interested parties, this book uses the characterization of the Rock Springs Uplift site in Wyoming as an integrated case study to illustrate the application of geological CO2 storage science, principles, and theory in a real-world scenario.

Download or read book Engineering Aspects of Geologic CO2 Storage written by Dayanand Saini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-22 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book explores the lessons learned in and potentials of injecting supercritical CO2 into depleted oil and gas reservoirs, in order to maximize both hydrocarbon recovery and the storage capacities of injected CO2. The author provides a detailed discussion of key engineering parameters of simultaneous CO2 enhanced oil recovery and CO2 storage in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs. These include candidate site selection, CO2 oil miscibility, maximizing CO2-storage capacity in enhanced oil recovery operations, well configurations, and cap and reservoir rock integrity. The book will help practicing professionals devise strategies to curb greenhouse gas emissions from the use of fossil fuels for energy production via geologic CO2 storage, while developing CO2 injection as an economically viable and environmentally sensible business model for hydrocarbon exploration and production in a low carbon economy.

Download or read book Clean Energy Systems in the Subsurface Production Storage and Conversion written by Michael Z. Hou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-03 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, energy security and sustainability are three of the greatest contemporary global challenges today. This year the Sino-German Cooperation Group “Underground Storage of CO2 and Energy”, is meeting on the 21-23 May 2013 for the second time in Goslar, Germany, to convene its 3rd Sino-German conference on the theme “Clean Energy Systems in the Subsurface: Production, Storage and Conversion”. This volume is a collection of diverse quality scientific works from different perspectives elucidating on the current developments in CO2 geologic sequestration research to reduce greenhouse emissions including measures to monitor surface leakage, groundwater quality and the integrity of caprock, while ensuring a sufficient supply of clean energy. The contributions herein have been structured into 6 major thematic research themes: Integrated Energy and Environmental Utilization of Geo-reservoirs: Law, Risk Management & Monitoring CO2 for Enhanced Gas and Oil Recovery, Coal Bedded Methane and Geothermal Systems Trapping Mechanisms and Multi-Barrier Sealing Systems for Long-Term CO2 Storage Coupled THMC-Processes and Numerical Modelling Rock Mechanical Behaviour Considering Cyclic Loading, Dilatancy, Damage, Self-sealing and Healing Underground Storage and Supply of Energy “Clean energy systems in the subsurface” will be invaluable to researchers, scientists and experts in both academia and industry trying to find a long lasting solution to the problems of global climate change, energy security and sustainability.

Download or read book How to Store CO2 Underground Insights from early mover CCS Projects written by Philip Ringrose and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the scientific basis and engineering practice for CO2 storage, covering topics such as storage capacity, trapping mechanisms, CO2 phase behaviour and flow dynamics, engineering and geomechanics of geological storage, injection well design, and geophysical and geochemical monitoring. It also provides numerous examples from the early mover CCS projects, notably Sleipner and Snøhvit offshore Norway, as well as other pioneering CO2 storage projects.

Download or read book Techno economic Assessment of Industrial Co2 Storage in Depleted Shale Gas Reservoirs written by Farid Tayari and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research suggests two categories of carbon management methods to help control and reduce net CO2 emissions: increasing the efficiency of energy processes to reduce CO2 production and utilizing processes after CO2 production to reduce the amount of emission.Second chapter analyzes the use of remotely controllable household water heaters as a technique that can reduce the variability cost of wind power in the system. Produced wind power is variable and integrating large scale wind power with power system needs backup facility to keep the system reliable. Thus, variability of wind power imposes cost on the system which is called variability cost. Using a computational model, this research simulates a system of three elements: wind farm, household water heaters and grid (as power system) and suggests that using controllable water heaters as demand side management policy can help reducing variability cost of entire system. This chapter analyzes and compares three scenarios to show the effect of distributed thermal storage on variability of wind power. Third chapter develops a techno-economic model for assessment of industrial CO2 storage in Shale gas reservoirs. CO2 storage in underground deep formations can be a long-term efficient way for carbon management. In this method, CO2 needs to be captured from emitter (industrial plant), pressurized, transported with pipeline and then injected to the reservoir. CO2 sequestration for Enhanced Gas Recovery is technically feasible but its economic feasibility depends on many factors. This research has developed a techno-economic model, integrated with a reservoir simulation tool (SRM), to analyze costs associated with CO2 sequestration in Shale gas. Cost structure in techno-economic model has four parts (modules): Transportation, Injection, Production, and Post-Injection Site Care. Each module generates individual results and also contributes with other modules in producing overall results. Various scenarios defined and tested with the model to give a better understanding about sensitivity and importance of input parameters.Fourth chapter utilizes the upgraded version of techno-economic model to run stochastic, uncertainty, and sensitivity analysis. This chapter also studies the production and injection timing under uncertainty to find more efficient results. In addition to results in third chapter, subsurface and economic parameters have substantial impact on costs and revenue. Reservoir properties along with well characteristics determine CH4 production, CO2 injection, storage capacity, possible CO2 breakthrough in production and so on. Upgraded model has the capability of studying sensitivity of each single geologic property individually or any combination of them. Forth chapter will study the impact of influential variables to explore the sensitivity of outputs to major inputs.

Download or read book Simulation Study of Underground Gas Storage written by Reza Malakooti and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-03 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Underground gas storage (UGS) involves storage of large quantities of natural gas in a storage horizon to support the natural gas demand in domestic, commercial, and industrial areas. The main objectives of this book are to investigate the possibility of (UGS) development and feasibility of underground sour gas storage in a depleted fractured gas reservoir. Compositional simulation was employed to build a dynamic reservoir model, develop the history-matching phase of the reservoir, and construct injection/withdrawal (I/W) cycles. A systematic procedure was employed to determine optimum well pattern (well number, location, horizontal, vertical). Simulation study specified that the use of horizontal well is superior to vertical well because of less water production during storage cycles. Water cut, productivity and injectivity indexes of individual wells were considered as prominent factors to find the optimum well pattern. The results of the simulation showed that the presence of H2S and CO2 in the injected gas stream improved condensate production. It was found that UGS reservoir meet lower pressure at the end of I/W cycles in the case of underground sour gas storage.

Download or read book Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide CO2 written by J Gluyas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-11-23 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geological storage and sequestration of carbon dioxide, in saline aquifers, depleted oil and gas fields or unminable coal seams, represents one of the most important processes for reducing humankind’s emissions of greenhouse gases. Geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) reviews the techniques and wider implications of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS). Part one provides an overview of the fundamentals of the geological storage of CO2. Chapters discuss anthropogenic climate change and the role of CCS, the modelling of storage capacity, injectivity, migration and trapping of CO2, the monitoring of geological storage of CO2, and the role of pressure in CCS. Chapters in part two move on to explore the environmental, social and regulatory aspects of CCS including CO2 leakage from geological storage facilities, risk assessment of CO2 storage complexes and public engagement in projects, and the legal framework for CCS. Finally, part three focuses on a variety of different projects and includes case studies of offshore CO2 storage at Sleipner natural gas field beneath the North Sea, the CO2CRC Otway Project in Australia, on-shore CO2 storage at the Ketzin pilot site in Germany, and the K12-B CO2 injection project in the Netherlands. Geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a comprehensive resource for geoscientists and geotechnical engineers and academics and researches interested in the field. Reviews the techniques and wider implications of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) An overview of the fundamentals of the geological storage of CO2 discussing the modelling of storage capacity, injectivity, migration and trapping of CO2 among other subjects Explores the environmental, social and regulatory aspects of CCS including CO2 leakage from geological storage facilities, risk assessment of CO2 storage complexes and the legal framework for CCS

Download or read book Numerical study of coupled THM C processes related to geo energy production written by Yang Gou and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2018-06-20 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis a parallel simulation platform, namely TOUGH2MP-FLAC3Dplus, was further developed by linking the multiphase multicomponent flow code TOUGH2MP and the further developed geomechanical code FLAC3Dplus for large-scale simulation of the coupled THM/C processes related to geo-energy production. A series of mathematical/physical models were developed and implemented in this platform, including (1) an improved equation of state for CO2-CH4-H2O-NaCl system which considers the effect of salt on phase partition and fluid properties in gas reservoirs; (2) a modified coupling approach for the simulation of hydraulic fracturing in tight geo-reservoirs, which considers the multiphase multicomponent leakoff effects; (3) a thermo-hydro-mechanical model based on a crack tensor for naturally fractured rock masses and faults. All these verified models have been applied in three different case studies, including CO2 enhanced gas recovery (EGR) in the Altmark natural gas field; (2) Hydraulic fracturing in three different types of geo-reservoirs (tight gas, oil and geothermal reservoir); (3) Geothermal energy utilization induced seismicity in Unterhaching. The developed models and the numerical platform can be used to predict the coupled THM/C behavior of rock formations, to optimize the CO2-EGR and hydraulic fracturing in tight geo-reservoirs, as well as reduce the geo-risks related to geo-energy production.

Download or read book The Properties of Petroleum Fluids written by William D. McCain and published by Pennwell Books. This book was released on 1990 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition expands its scope as a conveniently arranged petroleum fluids reference book for the practicing petroleum engineer and an authoritative college text.