Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Heavy Oil Droplets Mixing in Supercritical Water at Conditions Relevant to Supercritical Water Heavy Oil Upgrading written by Aniket Sanjay Patankar and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical water (SCW) crude oil upgrading is a promising technology for upgrading and desulfurization of heavy crude oil and residues. The outcome of this process is determined by an interplay of hydrocarbon cracking and condensation reactions, multicomponent phase equilibrium, phase separation and coke formation, and macroscale mixing governed by uid dynamics. These individual phenomena span several lengthscales and timescales, and are closely coupled, so that it is extremely difficult to uncover physical phenomena and estimate reaction rates by empirical means alone. Modeling studies of the SCW oil upgrading process are scarce, and pose the challenge of capturing the relevant physical phenomena in a tractable and computable framework. We include a review of SCW-oil upgrading research in the present study, and highlight these modeling challenges. In the present study, we introduce a modeling framework based on a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) scheme developed in-house at the Reacting Gas Dynamics Lab at MIT, and specialized for partially miscible flows with non-ideal thermodynamics. Key features of our CFD scheme include the use of a sharp interface method with geometric advection, and a rigorous treatment of interfacial heat and mass transfer. Preliminary CFD results with a bench-scale reactor geometry are presented to highlight the computational cost of direct numerical simulations (DNS). The novel conditions of SCW oil upgrading result in large Reynolds numbers and very ne droplets at even at low ow velocities. Computational cost can be reduced significantly by developing submodels for estimating mixing rates of oil droplets in SCW. We present high-fidelity, droplet-scale mixing studies under quiescent and convective conditions. Two mixing timescales are quantified for the partially miscible system a droplet saturation timescale and a droplet dissolution timescale. Sherwood number is quantified and droplet deformation and internal circulation within the droplet are examined. Our results suggest that these ow phenomena could lead to significantly altered fractionation and phase separation behavior during convective mixing, as compared to the quiescent case. Equilibrium composition and surface tension vary rapidly with interfacial temperature in the system of interest. We nd that internal circulation within a droplet results in a more homogeneous interfacial temperature distribution. This permits the assumption of a unique equilibrium composition along the interface. However, the strong dependence of surface tension on interfacial temperature could lead to signicant Marangoni forces along the interface.

Download or read book Heavy Oil Upgrading Through Oxidative Cracking in Near critical and Supercritical Water written by Pedro Manuel Arcelus Arrillaga and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Molecular level Kinetic Modeling of the Upgrading of Residual Oil in Supercritical Water written by Roel Smits and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this thesis is to develop a molecular-level kinetic model for the upgrading of residual oil in an environment of supercritical water. The Kinetic Modeler's Toolbox software, developed by the Klein research group, is used to make this kinetic model. A rank zero reaction network is created. This is necessary to limit the number of model compounds. The reaction network contains four major chemical pathways: pyrolysis, hydrolysis, aromatization and coking. The entire network consists of 10025 reactions between 2894 components. Besides creating a reaction network, formats for the rate laws are constructed. Because the system is in a pseudo single phase and no catalyst is used, the underlying principle for the rate laws is microkinetics. Supercritical water has three diƠ̐0erent solvent eƠ̐0ects: solvent cage eƠ̐0ect, the eƠ̐0ect of the dielectric constant and the water-oil phase behavior. These solvent eƠ̐0ects are incorporated into the rate laws. Due to the unavailability of product data for supercritical water upgrading of residual oil in literature, tuning of the kinetic parameters is not done in this thesis. Instead, two molecular representations of feed streams are made. One of them is a molecular representation of residual oil. This is done in order to show that the chosen model compounds can model a residual oil feed stream. The other is a molecular representation of VGO. VGO is a subset of residual oil, that contains the more volatile compounds. For VGO a product data set for supercritical water upgrading is available in literature. Kinetic parameters are tuned, such that the simulated properties of the output of the kinetic model are close to those reported in literature. This is done in order to show that the reactions, in the reaction network, and the format of the rate laws represent the physical and chemical phenomena that occur in supercritical water upgrading of oil fractions.

Download or read book Improved Numerical Simulation of Non thermal Enhanced Heavy Oil Recovery written by Usman Habu Taura and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comparative Evaluation of Three Immiscible Displacement Processes in Heavy Oil System Numerical Simulation written by Varinder Ghotra and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in heavy oil reservoirs has significantly increased over the past few years due to limiting production of conventional oil. A detailed experimental work was conducted using three heavy oil recovery techniques at University of Regina. The techniques used in these experiments were waterflooding, CO2 flooding and water alternating CO2 flooding. The objective of this 4th year project is to simulate the data collected from these experiments using computer modeling group (CMG) and compare the results with those obtained from the experiments.

Download or read book Polymer Flooding written by W. Littmann and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1988-09-01 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers all aspects of polymer flooding, an enhanced oil recovery method using water soluble polymers to increase the viscosity of flood water, for the displacement of crude oil from porous reservoir rocks. Although this method is becoming increasingly important, there is very little literature available for the engineer wishing to embark on such a project. In the past, polymer flooding was mainly the subject of research. The results of this research are spread over a vast number of single publications, making it difficult for someone who has not kept up-to-date with developments during the last 10 to 15 years to judge the suitability of polymer flooding to a particular field case. This book tries to fill that gap. The basic mechanisms of the process are described and criteria given where it may be employed. Basic elements of the chemistry of EOR-polymers are provided. The fundamentals of polymer physics, such as rheology, flow in porous media and adsorption, are derived. Practical hints on mixing and testing of polymers in the laboratory are given, as well as instructions for their application in the oil field. Polymer flooding is illustrated by some case histories and the economics of the methods are examined. For the essential subjects, example calculations are added. An indispensable book for reservoir engineers, production engineers and laboratory technicians within the petroleum industry.

Download or read book Accurate Numerical Simulation of Reaction diffusion Processes for Heavy Oil Recovery written by Pradeep Ananth Govind and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experimental Study on Improving the Waterflooding Potential in Different Heavy Oil Solvent Systems written by Xiaolong Peng and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the unfavourable mobility ratio of heavy oil and water, waterflooding cannot be used successfully without the support of natural energies (such as solution gas drive, foamy oil effect, expansion effect, etc.) in heavy oil reservoirs. In previous studies, the parameters related to the pressure change, such as the injection rate, the start time of waterflooding, the voidage replacement ratio (VRR) control, etc., have been studied to take full advantage of the nature energies in heavy oil waterflooding processes. However, few researchers have directly studied the pressure control strategies to improve the waterflooding potential in heavy oil reservoirs. Meanwhile, previous studies investigated the heavy oil waterflooding mainly in heavy oil-methane systems or heavy oil-mixed solvent (methane and CO2) systems. Heavy oil-mixed solvent (methane and propane) systems, which often existed during cyclic solvent injection (CSI) processes, are rarely examined in heavy oil waterflooding processes. Therefore, it is of importance to study pressure control strategies to improve the waterflooding potential in different heavy oil-solvent systems. Two different heavy oil-solvent systems are included in this study: (1) a heavy oil-methane system and (2) a heavy oil-mixed solvent (methane and propane) system. For the heavy oil-methane system, four pressure control patterns are firstly investigated to screen out the optimal waterflooding pattern. Secondly, effects of pressure depletion rate are studied in the selected pressure control pattern to get the optimal control strategy. Finally, a history match is conducted for a test to further understand the heavy oil waterflooding process. For the heavy oil-mixed solvent system, one pure pressure depletion test and two waterflooding tests are carried out to understand the production behaviors in this system. For experimental study in heavy oil-solvent systems, it is found that the primary-plus waterflooding, an operational pattern that conduct the waterflooding and pressure depletion simultaneously, is the optimal pressure control pattern for heavy oil waterflooding processes. However, the pressure depletion rate in that pattern should be set properly in order to make full use of natural energies and water drive energy for both heavy oil-solvent systems. In this study, it is also understood that the interactive effect between water drive and foamy oil effect/solution gas drive at different waterflooding stages. Moreover, the optimal VRRs for different production objectives are recommended for heavy oil-methane system. For the numerical study, the results indicate that the theoretical methods can be used to provide an initial relative permeability curves for heavy oil waterflooding processes. However, due to the foamy oil effect and solution gas drive, the gas production in the heavy oil waterflooding is difficult to be matched well even by tuning the relative permeability curves. Therefore, it is suggested to consider the foamy oil module into the simulation model to get a better history match.

Download or read book Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study of Surfactant De emulsifier Added Steam Flooding in Heavy Oil Reservoirs written by Olanrewaju Moshood Tiamiyu and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Numerical Instability Study of Supercritical Water Flowing Upward in Two Heated Parallel Channels written by Sujuan Li and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A three dimensional numerical investigation of supercritical water flowing upward in two heated parallel channels was developed using a RANS model in the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code ANSYS CFX. The standard k- turbulence model with scalable wall functions was adopted throughout this numerical study. The effects of spatial and temporal grid sizes on flow instability were studied first. Then oscillatory instabilities of nine experimental cases were predicted using the CFX code. For comparison purposes, Chatoorgoon's 1-D non-linear SPORTS code was also used to determine the instability boundary. These new numerical results were compared with the experimental data and previous numerical results by other investigators. Additionally, the effects of changing the outlet plenum volume, the turbulent Prandtl number, the turbulence inlet conditions, the outlet K factor, the maximum iterations per time step in the transient analysis and the order of the transient scheme on the instability thresholds were examined.

Download or read book Vapor Liquid Equilibria Using Unifac written by Aage Fredenslund and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vapor-Liquid Equilibria Using UNIFAC: A Group-Contribution Method focuses on the UNIFAC group-contribution method used in predicting quantitative information on the phase equilibria during separation by estimating activity coefficients. Drawing on tested vapor-liquid equilibrium data on which UNIFAC is based, it demonstrates through examples how the method may be used in practical engineering design calculations. Divided into nine chapters, this volume begins with a discussion of vapor and liquid phase nonidealities and how they are calculated in terms of fugacity and activity coefficients, respectively. It then introduces the reader to the UNIFAC method and how it works, the procedure used in establishing the parameters needed for the model, prediction of binary and multicomponent vapor-liquid equilibria for a large number of systems, the potential of UNIFAC for predicting liquid-liquid equilibria, and how UNIFAC can be used to solve practical distillation design problems. This book will benefit process design engineers who want to reliably predict phase equilibria for designing distillation columns and other separation processes.

Download or read book Supercritical Water written by Yizhak Marcus and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-15 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the many new and emerging applications of supercritical water as a green solvent Drawing from thousands of original research articles, this book reviews and summarizes what is currently known about the properties and uses of supercritical water. In particular, it focuses on new and emerging applications of supercritical water as a green solvent, including the catalytic conversion of biomass into fuels and the oxidation of hazardous materials. Supercritical Water begins with an introduction that defines supercritical fluids in general. It then defines supercritical water in particular, using the saturation curve to illustrate its relationship to regular water. Following this introduction, the book: Describes the bulk macroscopic properties of supercritical water, using equations of state to explain temperature-pressure-density relationships Examines supercritical water's molecular properties, setting forth the latest experimental data as well as computer simulations that shed new light on structure and dynamics Explores the solubilities of gases, organic substances, salts, and ions in supercritical water in terms of the relevant phase equilibria Sets forth the practical uses of supercritical water at both small scales and full industrial scales Throughout the book, the author uses tables for at-a-glance reviews of key information. Summaries at the end of each chapter reinforce core principles, and references to original research and reviews serve as a gateway and guide to the extensive literature in the field. Supercritical Water is written for students and professionals in physical chemistry, chemistry of water, chemical engineering, and organic chemistry, interested in exploring the applications and properties of supercritical water.

Download or read book Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation of Oil Pollution Problems written by Matthias Ehrhardt and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Carbonated Water Injection CWI Process in Live Oil Systems and Its Influences on Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Ali Hassan Mohamed Al Basri Almesmari and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Molecular Dynamics and Self diffusion in Supercritical Water written by Yuji Kubo and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Processing of Heavy Crude Oils written by Ramasamy Marappa Gounder and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cold Production of Heavy Oil with Bottom Water written by Wenting Qin and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study proposes a new (non-thermal) technique using Bilateral Water Sink (BWS) wells to develop heavy-oil reservoirs with strong bottom water drive - a problem for the conventional methods where the bottom water invades the wells by coning/cresting and leaves the oil unrecovered. BWS removes water cresting by separating the oil and water production using two (upper - oil and lower - water) parallel lateral sections of the same well so that the oil-water interface remains un-altered and the upper oil inflow is water-free. Reservoir simulation study demonstrates advantage of water-free oil inflow to the well where water drives the oil from the edges of the well drainage area to the well instead of bypassing it at the well. Analytical formulas are derived for critical rates ensuring the water-free oil production using the hodograph method and Dupuit Approximation. The resulting BWS well design model defines production strategy and computes oil recovery. The model is verified theoretically by making predictions for the actual oilfield that show a considerable increase of oil recovery from less than 15 percent for conventional horizontal well to over 40 percent for BWS well.