Download or read book Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Propellant Material Properties on Pulsed Plasma Thruster Performance written by Ronald Lynn Corey and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Performance Study on Liquid Propellant Pulsed Plasma Thruster written by Akira Kakami and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Breakthrough to Optimized Pulsed Plasma Thrusters written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytic models predict the possibility of extending the range of performance parameters of Pulsed Plasma Thrusters (PPT) by using propellants other than the traditionally used Teflon. A theoretical and experimental effort was initiated at The Ohio State University to investigate the use of alternative propellants for PPT. Analytical and numerical calculations (MACH2) indeed indicate a significant broadening of the obtainable range of specific impulse and thrust-to-power ratios when alternative propellants such as lithium or water are utilized. Consequently, in an effort to investigate changes in physical phenomena and thruster performance experimentally, a hybrid thruster was designed and built, facilitating the use of alternatively water or Teflon. The thruster design includes a unique water propellant feed system, allowing the supply of the water propellant without detrimentally affecting the inherent simplicity of the PPT system. The thruster operation and performance was investigated by several different diagnostic methods, including current and voltage measurements, Langmuir probes, and magnetic field probes. Furthermore, impact pressure measurements in the plume of the thruster allowed new insight into the plume structure and the accurate evaluation of impulse bits. Employment of the diagnostic methods for Teflon and water propellant enabled the unambiguous identification of propellant related effects such as reduced electron temperature and higher exhaust velocities in the case of water propellant.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion written by Dan M. Goebel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-12-22 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout most of the twentieth century, electric propulsion was considered the technology of the future. Now, the future has arrived. This important new book explains the fundamentals of electric propulsion for spacecraft and describes in detail the physics and characteristics of the two major electric thrusters in use today, ion and Hall thrusters. The authors provide an introduction to plasma physics in order to allow readers to understand the models and derivations used in determining electric thruster performance. They then go on to present detailed explanations of: Thruster principles Ion thruster plasma generators and accelerator grids Hollow cathodes Hall thrusters Ion and Hall thruster plumes Flight ion and Hall thrusters Based largely on research and development performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and complemented with scores of tables, figures, homework problems, and references, Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters is an indispensable textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students who are preparing to enter the aerospace industry. It also serves as an equally valuable resource for professional engineers already at work in the field.

Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Pulsed Plasma Thruster written by Jianjun Wu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2024-11-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book are valuable in gaining an understanding of the working mechanism of pulsed plasma thrusters. It facilitates the evaluation of the thruster's working characteristics and propulsive performance, thereby providing a crucial theoretical foundation and reference for the design, development, and engineering application of pulsed plasma thrusters. Additionally, this book significantly contributes to the advancement of space electric propulsion technology. Researchers and engineers in the aerospace propulsion field can greatly benefit from the insights presented within this book. This is an open access book.

Download or read book 36th AIAA ASME SAE ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference Exhibit 2000 3100 2000 3149 written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigation of Thrust Mechanisms in a Water Fed Pulsed Plasma Thruster written by Carsten A. Scharlemann and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Analytic models predict the possibility of extending the range of performance parameters of Pulsed Plasma Thrusters (PPT) by using propellants other than the traditionally used Teflon. A theoretical and experimental effort was initiated at The Ohio State University to investigate the use of alternative propellants for PPT. Analytical and numerical calculations (MACH2) indeed indicate a significant broadening of the obtainable range of specific impulse and thrust-to-power ratios when alternative propellants such as lithium or water are utilized. Consequently, in an effort to investigate changes in physical phenomena and thruster performance experimentally, a hybrid thruster was designed and built, facilitating the use of alternatively water or Teflon. The thruster design includes a unique water propellant feed system, allowing the supply of the water propellant without detrimentally affecting the inherent simplicity of the PPT system. ii The thruster operation and performance was investigated by several different diagnostic methods, including current and voltage measurements, Langmuir probes, and magnetic field probes. Furthermore, impact pressure measurements in the plume of the thruster allowed new insight into the plume structure and the accurate evaluation of impulse bits. Employment of the diagnostic methods for Teflon and water propellant enabled the unambigous identification of propellant related effects such as reduced electron temperature and higher exhaust velocites in the case of water propellant. The electromagnetic nature of the water thruster was clearly identified. For 30 J discharge energy, the water thruster requires only 5% of the mass bit of a Teflon thruster to produce an impulse bit 30% of the magnitude of the Teflon thruster, suggesting greatly increased propellant efficiencies. In agreement with the plasma diagnostic results, a specific impulse for the water thruster of up to 8000 s and efficiencies of up to 16% were evaluated.

Download or read book Effect of Propellant Temperature on Efficiency in the Pulsed Plasma Thruster written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pulsed plasma thruster (PPT) benefits from the inherent engineering simplicity-and reduced tankage fraction gained by storing the propellant as a solid. The solid is converted to the gaseous state and accelerated by an electric discharge across the propellant face. Previous research has concluded that as little as 10% of the consumed propellant is converted to plasma and efficiently accelerated. The remaining propellant is consumed in the form of late-time vaporization and particulate emission, creating minimal thrust. Critical to improving the PPT performance is improving the propellant utilization. The present work demonstrates one possible method of increasing the PPT propellant efficiency. By measuring the PPT thrust, propellant consumption, and propellant temperature while varying the power level, duration of the experimental run, and total propellant mass, a correlation is established between decreased propropellant temperature and increased propellant efficiency. The method is demonstrated by performance measurements at 60 W and S W, which show a 25% increase in thrust efficiency, while the propellant temperature decreases from 135 to 42 deg C. Larger increases in the efficiency may be realized on-orbit where operating temperatures are commonly subzero. The dependence of propellant consumption on temperature also creates systematic errors in laboratory measurements with short experimental runs, and orbit analyses where the PPT performance measured at one power level is linearly scaled to the power available on the spacecraft.

Download or read book The Effect of Propellant Temperature on Efficiency in a Pulsed Plasma Thruster written by Gregory G. Spanjers and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Propulsion Re Entry Physics written by Michał Lunc and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-09 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Propulsion Re-Entry Physics deals with the physics of propulsion re-entry and covers topics ranging from inductive magnetoplasmadynamic (MPD) propulsion systems to launch systems and orbiting maneuvering systems. Problems of re-entry aerodynamics are considered, along with interaction problems in hypersonic fluid dynamics. Comprised of 31 chapters, this volume begins with a detailed account of the quasi-steady adiabatic vaporization and subsequent exothermic decomposition of a pure monopropellant spherical droplet in the absence of free and forced convection. The discussion then turns to results of calculations on MPD machines working in the intermittent and in the continuous mode; inductive plasma accelerators with electromagnetic standing waves; and spherical rocket motors for space and upper stage propulsion. Subsequent chapters focus on pulsed plasma satellite control systems; drag and stability of various Mars entry configurations; hypersonic laminar boundary layers around slender bodies; and effects of an entry probe gas envelope on experiments concerning planetary atmospheres. This book will appeal to students, practitioners, and research workers interested in propulsion re-entry and the accompanying physics.

Download or read book Numerical Analysis of Transient Teflon Ablation in Pulsed Plasma Thrusters written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: One of the general processes of interest in Pulsed Plasma Thrusters is the ablation of the solid fuel. In general, ablation occurs when a short pulse of applied energy removes a portion of the fuel surface. Although this ablation process is relatively straight-forward in simple materials that sublimate, ablation in Pulsed Plasma Thrusters is significantly more complicated. This is caused by the transient conditions and the complex behavior of Teflon that does not sublimate but rather undergoes both physical and chemical changes prior to leaving the surface. These two effects combine to make Teflon ablation a highly nonlinear function of heat flux, material property variations, changing molecular weight, and phase transformation behavior. To gain greater insight into the ablation process, a one-dimensional ablation model is developed that addresses the more detailed thermal and thermodynamic behavior of Teflon during simulated operation of a Pulsed Plasma Thruster. The mathematical model is based on the work of Clark (1971), which focused on two-phase, one-dimensional Teflon ablation in the context of thermal protection systems. The model is modified for use in simulated PPT operations and implemented numerically using an adaptive non-uniform grid, explicit finite-difference techniques, and a volume fraction method to capture the interface between the crystalline and amorphous Teflon phases. The ablation model is validated against analytical heat transfer and ablation solutions and compared with previous experimental results. The Teflon ablation model is used to analyze several general ablation scenarios in addition to specific PPT conditions to gain greater insight into long-duration thruster firing, post-pulse material ablation, variable heat flux effects, variable material property effects, and the impact of surface re-crystallization on particulate emission. These simulations are considered in the context of prior experimental investigations of Pulsed Plasma Thrusters. The results of these simulations demonstrate the success of the numerical ablation model in predicting experimental trend and suggest potential paths of moderately improving thruster efficiency and operational repeatability in the future.

Download or read book A Performance Comparison of Pulsed Plasma Thruster Electrode Configurations written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Study of Plasma Parameter Distributions in Low Power Hall Effect and Ablative Pulsed Plasma Thrusters written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report results from a contract tasking Kurchatov Institute for the results of studying a stationary plasma-low power-thruster (SPT) and an ablative pulsed plasma one (APPT). In the first part of the Report the results of studying the module characteristic for a small SPT and for the thruster plume. In particular there are represented the description of test facility and system of thruster performance and plume parameter measurements as well as the results of these measurements. In the second part of the Report, the results of studying some features of the physical processes in APPT, as well as an analysis of the produced results based on the numerical simulation for increasing their efficiency, are represented. A two-dimensional model of APPT has been developed. lnterferometric investigations inside APPT discharge channel, piezoprobe measurements of dynamic pressure distributions and ultra high-speed photography with visualization of plasma flows have been carried out.

Download or read book A Numerical Study of a Pulsed Plasma Thruster written by R. Rhodes and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Performance of Gas fed Pulsed Plasma Thrusters Using Water Vapor Propellant written by John K. Ziemer and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Propellant Inefficiency Due to Particulates in a Pulsed Plasma Thruster written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Propellant inefficiency resulting from the ejection of propellant material in particulate form is characterized in a Pulsed Plasma Thruster (PPT). Exhaust deposits are collected and analyzed using a combination of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis. (EDAX), and microscopic imaging. Teflon particulates are observed with sizes ranging from over 100 mum down to less than 1 mum. Estimates of the mass entrained in this form show that the particulates may account for up to 30% of the total propellant mass used, indicating that methods of ameliorating this loss mechanism would result in significant improvements in the PPT thrust efficiency.

Download or read book Performance and Analysis of a Coaxial Electrothermal Pulsed Plasma Thruster written by Filip Rysanek and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: