Download or read book Nuisance Source Population Modeling for Radiation Detection System Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major challenge facing the prospective deployment of radiation detection systems for homeland security applications is the discrimination of radiological or nuclear 'threat sources' from radioactive, but benign, 'nuisance sources'. Common examples of such nuisance sources include naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM), medical patients who have received radioactive drugs for either diagnostics or treatment, and industrial sources. A sensitive detector that cannot distinguish between 'threat' and 'benign' classes will generate false positives which, if sufficiently frequent, will preclude it from being operationally deployed. In this report, we describe a first-principles physics-based modeling approach that is used to approximate the physical properties and corresponding gamma ray spectral signatures of real nuisance sources. Specific models are proposed for the three nuisance source classes - NORM, medical and industrial. The models can be validated against measured data - that is, energy spectra generated with the model can be compared to actual nuisance source data. We show by example how this is done for NORM and medical sources, using data sets obtained from spectroscopic detector deployments for cargo container screening and urban area traffic screening, respectively. In addition to capturing the range of radioactive signatures of individual nuisance sources, a nuisance source population model must generate sources with a frequency of occurrence consistent with that found in actual movement of goods and people. Measured radiation detection data can indicate these frequencies, but, at present, such data are available only for a very limited set of locations and time periods. In this report, we make more general estimates of frequencies for NORM and medical sources using a range of data sources such as shipping manifests and medical treatment statistics. We also identify potential data sources for industrial source frequencies, but leave the task of estimating these frequencies for future work. Modeling of nuisance source populations is only useful if it helps in understanding detector system performance in real operational environments. Examples of previous studies in which nuisance source models played a key role are briefly discussed. These include screening of in-bound urban traffic and monitoring of shipping containers in transit to U.S. ports.
Download or read book Detection of Nuclear Weapons and Materials written by Jonathan Medalia and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-03 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (1) How Does Detection Work?; Current Detection Technol.; (2) Advanced Technol.: Nanocomposite Scintillators; GADRAS: Gamma-Ray Spectrum Analysis Application Using Multiple Algorithms; Computer Modeling to Evaluate Detection Capability; L-3 CAARS: Low-Risk Dual-Energy Radiography System; SAIC CAARS: Higher-Risk, Higher-Benefit Dual-Energy Radiography System; AS&E CAARS: Using Backscattered X-Rays to Detect Dense Material; Muon Tomography; Analyzing a Nuclear Weapon with Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence; Detecting SNM at a Distance; (3) Signatures of Plutonium, Highly Enriched Uranium, and Nuclear Weapons; Detecting Signatures of a Nuclear Weapon or SNM; Evasion of Detection Technol. Illus.
Download or read book Transactions of the American Nuclear Society written by American Nuclear Society and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 1028 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Protection Research Catalog Indexes written by Smithsonian Science Information Exchange and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 1478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Directory of Federal Laboratory and Technology Resources written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the individual capabilities of each of 1,900 unique resources in the federal laboratory system, and provides the name and phone number of each contact. Includes government laboratories, research centers, testing facilities, and special technology information centers. Also includes a list of all federal laboratory technology transfer offices. Organized into 72 subject areas. Detailed indices.
Download or read book Directory of Federal Laboratory Technology Resources written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 1332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toxicology Research Projects Directory written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Radiological Accident in Goi nia written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Government and authorities in Brazil were faced with a tragic accident in Goiânia resulting from the misuse of a strongly radioactive medical teletherapy source not under radiation protection surveillance. The present report is divided into four parts: a chronology of destruction of the source, discovery of the accident and initial response; a description of the human consequences and the dosimetry and treatment of seriously exposed and contaminated persons; an account of the assessment of the environmental contamination and the remedial actions taken; and observations and recommendations. Appendices and annexes give an assessment of the effectiveness of international co-operation in the emergency response, and provide further information on: public communications; radiological survey equipment; guidelines for the discharge of patients; radiological protection; chemical decontamination; and the lessons learned.
Download or read book Marine Research Fiscal Year 1968 written by National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inventory of Federal Energy related Environment and Safety Research for written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inventory of Federal Energy related Environment and Safety Research for FY 1978 Project listings and indexes written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 878 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
