Download or read book Israel and the Bomb written by Avner Cohen and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first detailed account of Israel's nuclear record, Cohen forges an interpretive political history, drawing on thousands of American and Israeli once-classified documents.

Download or read book Israel and the Bomb written by Avner Cohen and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1998-09-30 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until now, there has been no detailed account of Israel's nuclear history. Previous treatments of the subject relied heavily on rumors, leaks, and journalistic speculations. But with Israel and the Bomb, Avner Cohen has forged an interpretive political history that draws on thousands of American and Israeli government documents—most of them recently declassified and never before cited—and more than one hundred interviews with key individuals who played important roles in this story. Cohen reveals that Israel crossed the nuclear weapons threshold on the eve of the 1967 Six-Day War, yet it remains ambiguous about its nuclear capability to this day. What made this posture of "opacity" possible, and how did it evolve? Cohen focuses on a two-decade period from about 1950 until 1970, during which David Ben-Gurion's vision of making Israel a nuclear-weapon state was realized. He weaves together the story of the formative years of Israel's nuclear program, from the founding of the Israeli Atomic Energy Commission in 1952, to the alliance with France that gave Israel the sophisticated technology it needed, to the failure of American intelligence to identify the Dimona Project for what it was, to the negotiations between President Nixon and Prime Minister Meir that led to the current policy of secrecy. Cohen also analyzes the complex reasons Israel concealed its nuclear program—from concerns over Arab reaction and the negative effect of the debate at home to consideration of America's commitment to nonproliferation. Israel and the Bomb highlights the key questions and the many potent issues surrounding Israel's nuclear history. This book will be a critical resource for students of nuclear proliferation, Middle East politics, Israeli history, and American-Israeli relations, as well as a revelation for general readers.

Download or read book Israel and the Bomb written by Avner Cohen and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This interpretive political history that draws on thousands of American and Israeli government documents--most of them recently declassified and never before cited--and more than one hundred interviews with key individuals who played important roles in this story.

Download or read book The Third Temple s Holy of Holies written by Warner D. Farr and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "This paper is a history of the Israeli nuclear weapons program drawn from a review of unclassified sources ... Israel has most probably conducted several nuclear bomb tests. They have continued to modernize and vertically proliferate and are now one of the world's larger nuclear powers. Using 'bomb in the basement' nuclear opacity, Israel has been able to use its arsenal as a deterrent to the Arab world while not technically violating American nonproliferation requirements."

Download or read book Israel s Nuclear Arsenal written by Peter Pry and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal is a full inquiry into the likely size and sophistication of the Israeli nuclear weapons program. Among the key questions it addresses are: Did other nations—the United States, France, or West Germany, for example—assist Israel in developing its nuclear weapons capacity? What is the nature of Israel's industrial nuclear inf

Download or read book The Bomb in the Basement written by Michael Karpin and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2007-01-09 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Significant change took place when President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger adopted a new strategy.

Download or read book Israel s Nuclear Dilemma Routledge Revivals written by Yair Evron and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1994, Yair Evron opens the book with an account of the development of Israel's nuclear doctrine and the internal disagreements within the Israeli political and strategic elite over how nuclear policy should be conducted. There follows an analysis of the reactions from Arab states and of how, with the exception of Iraq, they have so far refrained from developing their own nuclear weapons.

Download or read book Nuclear Weapons in Israel written by Taysir N. Nashif and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Samson Option written by Seymour M. Hersh and published by . This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Israel has been a nuclear power for more than 25 years. Yet even in 1991, Israeli officials denied that their country possessed an atomic arsenal. Here, for the first time is the story of the Israeli nuclear weapons program & its influence on world events. Recounts Israel's clandestine nuclear mission, from the building of a reactor site in the Negev desert during the late 1950s, to the establishment by the late 1970s of a sophisticated underground nuclear production facility that targeted & threatened Israel's enemies in the Middle East as well as the Soviet Union itself. America turned a blind eye toward Israel's nuclear capacity while paying lip service to the goal of nuclear non-proliferation.

Download or read book The Bomb in the Basement written by Michael Karpin and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2006-03-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE BOMB IN THE BASEMENT tells the fascinating story of how Israel became the Middle East's only nuclear power and -- unlike Iraq and Iran -- succeeded in keeping its atomic program secret. Veteran Israeli journalist Michael Karpin explains how Israel, by far the smallest of the nuclear powers, succeeded in its ambitious effort. David Ben-Gurion saw the need for an atomic capability to offset the numerical superiority of Arab armies at war with Israel. The Israeli program relied heavily on French assistance in its early years, until President Charles de Gaulle reduced his country's cooperation. Once it was discovered, Israel's nuclear program cast a shadow over relations between Israel and the United States. The Kennedy administration opposed it, and President Lyndon Johnson approved it only tacitly. Significant change took place when President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger adopted a new strategy. An Israel that possessed nuclear capability was a more valuable asset to the West than an Israel without such an option. President Nixon ceased to press Israel to join the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and dropped U.S. surveillance of the Israeli reactor at Dimona. In exchange, Israel committed itself to maintain official ambiguity about its nuclear program. That policy remains in place nearly forty years later. Without American approval and the financial assistance and lobbying of Jews in North America, Israel could not have achieved its nuclear capability. This is a fascinating story of scientists, politicians, spies, and major international personalities who all played a part in an extraordinary undertaking that continues to shape the politics of the world's most volatile region. Today it remains to be seen whether Israel will permit Iran to build a nuclear bomb and threaten Israel's security.

Download or read book The Worst Kept Secret written by Avner Cohen and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2010-10-15 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Israel has made a unique contribution to the nuclear age. It has created a special "bargain" with the bomb. Israel is the only nuclear-armed state that does not acknowledge its possession of the bomb, even though its existence is a common knowledge throughout the world. It only says that it will not be the first to introduce nuclear weapons to the Middle East. The bomb is Israel's collective ineffable the nation's last great taboo. This bargain has a name: in Hebrew, it is called amimut, or opacity. By adhering to the bargain, which was born in a secret deal between Richard Nixon and Golda Meir, Israel has created a code of nuclear conduct that encompasses both governmental policy and societal behavior. The bargain has deemphasized the salience of nuclear weapons, yet it is incompatible with the norms and values of a liberal democracy. It relies on secrecy, violates the public right to know, and undermines the norm of public accountability and oversight, among other offenses. It is also incompatible with emerging international nuclear norms. Author of the critically acclaimed Israel and the Bomb, Avner Cohen offers a bold and original study of this politically explosive subject. Along with a fair appraisal of the bargain's strategic merits, Cohen critiques its undemocratic flaws. Arguing that the bargain has become increasingly anachronistic, he calls for a reform in line with domestic democratic values as well as current international nuclear norms. Most ironic, he believes Iran is imitating Israeli amimut. Cohen concludes with fresh perspectives on Iran, Israel, and the effort toward global disarmament.

Download or read book The Samson Option written by Seymour M. Hersh and published by Random House (NY). This book was released on 1991 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposes one of the most well-protected political-military secrets of the Cold War.

Download or read book The Politics and Strategy of Nuclear Weapons in the Middle East written by Shlomo Aronson and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on research from an array of American, Arab, British, French, German, and Israeli sources, this book provides a nuclear history of the world's most explosive region. Most significantly, it gives an exposition of Israel's acquisition and political use, or nonuse, of nuclear weapons as a central factor of its foreign policy in the 1960-1991 period. In stressing the factor of nuclear weapons, the author highlights an often-neglected aspect of Israeli security policy. This is the first interpretation of the historical development of nuclear doctrine in the Middle East that assesses the strategic implications of opacity—Israel's use of suggestion, rather than open acknowledgment, that it possesses nuclear weapons. Aronson discusses the strategic thinking of Israel, the Arab countries, the U.S., the former Soviet Union, and other countries and connects Israeli strategies for war, peace, territories, and the political economy with the use of nuclear deterrence. The author approaches the development of Israeli doctrines on nuclear weapons and defense in general within a large matrix that includes the United States; Israeli perceptions of Arab history, culture, and psychology; and Israeli perceptions of Israel's own history, culture, and psychology. He also deals with Arab perceptions of Israel's nuclear program and with Arab and Iranian incentives to go nuclear. In addition, he discusses at length the importance of nuclear factors in the conduct of the Persian Gulf War and examines the implications of the decline of the former Soviet Union for arms control and peace in the Middle East.

Download or read book Israel s Nuclear Option written by Zaki Shalom and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2005-04-01 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discussions, which pitted Israel's security concerns against the United States' determined goal to stem nuclear proliferation, produced a set of strategic understandings. This book recounts the dialogue and related diplomatic activity, that took place during the Kennedy and Johnson administrations and the Ben-Gurion and Eshkol premierships.

Download or read book Israel and Nuclear Weapons written by Paul Jabber and published by International Institute for Strategic Studies. This book was released on 1971 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Israel s Nuclear Dilemma written by Yair Evron and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-07-28 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of Israel's nuclear capacity, controversy within the military elite, implications for Arab/Israeli relations and arms control in the region.

Download or read book The Politics and Strategy of Nuclear Weapons in the Middle East written by Shlomo Aronson and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1992-07-01 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on research from an array of American, Arab, British, French, German, and Israeli sources, this book provides a nuclear history of the world’s most explosive region. Most significantly, it gives an exposition of Israel’s acquisition and political use, or nonuse, of nuclear weapons as a central factor of its foreign policy in the 1960-1991 period. In stressing the factor of nuclear weapons, the author highlights an often-neglected aspect of Israeli security policy.