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Book Nuclear Microsatellite Analysis of an Ambystoma Maculatum spotted Salamander Population Inhabiting the Penn State Behrend Campus

Download or read book Nuclear Microsatellite Analysis of an Ambystoma Maculatum spotted Salamander Population Inhabiting the Penn State Behrend Campus written by Jeana Ferilla and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Use of Microsatellites to Determine the Effective Population Size of a Local Population of Spotted Salamanders Ambystoma Maculatum

Download or read book Use of Microsatellites to Determine the Effective Population Size of a Local Population of Spotted Salamanders Ambystoma Maculatum written by Caroline G. Letourneau and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) is an aggregate breeding amphibian that is dependent upon vernal pools for its reproductive life cycle. However, as wetland habitats become increasingly fragmented as the result of human activity, populations of A. maculatum may become progressively isolated from one another. Such isolation can impact the genetic variation of a population and thus pose challenges to its long term survival. This study used nine microsatellite loci to determine the levels of heterozygosity and the effective population size (Ne) of a population of spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) located at Wheaton College in Norton, Massachusetts. The mean observed heterozygosity was calculated as 0.59, which is similar to estimates of other A. maculatum populations, and Ne was estimated between 42 and 60 individuals. These values suggest that the Wheaton College vernal pool population of A. maculatum is genetically stable in the short term.

Book Investigating the Role of Environmental Contamination in Teratogenicity Rates of Spotted Salamanders Ambystoma Maculatum

Download or read book Investigating the Role of Environmental Contamination in Teratogenicity Rates of Spotted Salamanders Ambystoma Maculatum written by Olivia Hodgson and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic contaminants are anthropogenic chemicals that persist in the environment because they resist degradation through chemical and biological processes. These chemicals can inadvertently affect non-target organisms that live in contaminated soil or water, such as amphibians. If amphibians are exposed to organic chemicals during crucial early life stages, it could lead to teratogenic (i.e., developmental) effects. This study aimed to determine the relationship between contaminants (i.e., herbicides, insecticides, and other organic contaminants) and teratogenic limb malformations in adult spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) on Penn State Behrend's campus. Soil and sediment were collected from salamander breeding locations on campus and extracted using 24-hr Tenax extractions. The extracts were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify and quantify the contaminant concentrations within the samples. It was found that four of the six salamander breeding ponds have physical deformities that exceed the 5% threshold for a healthy population, and seventy-four organic contaminants were detected in the soil and sediment at each breeding pond. Like other amphibians, spotted salamanders are an indicator species, which means that the state of the spotted salamander populations on campus reflects the ecosystem. The presence and severity of deformities in the salamander population indicates that these habitats are under stress, with environmental contamination being a likely contributor. As such, this research stands as a case study to better understand the role of organic contaminants in the health of amphibian populations living in suburban areas.

Book An Ecological Study of the Spotted Salamander Ambystoma Maculatum and Jefferson Salamander A Jeffersonianum in West Virginia

Download or read book An Ecological Study of the Spotted Salamander Ambystoma Maculatum and Jefferson Salamander A Jeffersonianum in West Virginia written by Seth J. Myers and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Terrestrial Habitat Use by Radio implanted Spotted Salamanders Ambystoma Maculatum

Download or read book Terrestrial Habitat Use by Radio implanted Spotted Salamanders Ambystoma Maculatum written by Ashley Lynn Nussbaum and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Adaptation to Acidification in Spotted Salamanders Ambystoma Maculatum

Download or read book Adaptation to Acidification in Spotted Salamanders Ambystoma Maculatum written by Nicholas Gervais and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Declines in amphibian populations have been noted since the late 1980's with many of the causes linked to habitat contamination and destruction by natural and anthropogenic sources. Amphibians with bi-phasic life histories have been thought to be particularly vulnerable to negative environmental conditions but there is much evidence of their resilience and capacity to survive in degraded or contaminated environments. Larval amphibians in small permanent or ephemeral ponds may be particularly vulnerable to altered environmental conditions and may face the greatest pressure to adapt. In Chapter 1, I briefly review the evidence of amphibian declines and how populations may adapt to and overcome assorted negative environmental factors. In Chapter 2, I investigated the phenomenon of adaptation in a particular circumstance. I collected Spotted Salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) egg masses from a population breeding in a naturally acidic pond called Bat Lake, as well as four other populations living in lakes closer to pH neutral. To determine if the salamanders were adapted to their particular breeding lakes, I used common garden experiments in the lab where I raised larvae from each of the lakes in the waters from all the other lakes, as well as their own and compared the survival rates, size at metamorphosis and time to metamorphosis. Bat Lake larvae grew larger and survived longer in their acidic native breeding pond water than in the waters of other lakes suggesting they are adapted to their native pond waters. The larvae from the other lake populations showed similar results and fared better in their native waters than in the Bat Lake water. Based on these results, in Chapter 3, I tested if pH, specifically, was causal. I raised larvae from the five populations in waters of different pH (4.0, 5.5, 7.0), reasoning that if the Bat Lake population was more adapted to the high acidity compared to the other populations, the larvae from Bat Lake should demonstrate higher fitness correlates at lower pH than larvae of other populations. In this experiment, the Bat Lake larvae survived longer and grew larger in the highly acidic water than did larvae from the other populations. My results are consistent with natural selection for tolerance of low pH conditions tolerance among Bat Lake Spotted Salamander larvae and indicate that the salamanders from Bat Lake potentially exhibit signs of local adaption to the highly acidic conditions in which they live. This study was unable, however to prove whether this adaptation was due to evolutionary change, phenotypic plasticity, maternal effects or some other unknown factor. " --

Book A Multiple scale Analysis of the Effects of Landscape Structure on Populations of Yellow spotted Salamanders Ambystoma Maculatum

Download or read book A Multiple scale Analysis of the Effects of Landscape Structure on Populations of Yellow spotted Salamanders Ambystoma Maculatum written by Samara T. Eaton and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I examine the effects of landscape structure on the incidence and abundance of yellow-spotted salamanders, Ambystoma maculatum, and use these population level responses as indirect measures of movement. Two surveys of breeding populations in ponds located in a heterogeneous landscape were conducted and effects of landscape structure assessed at multiple spatial scales. Landscape structure was quantified as the proportion of forest and the total length of roads surrounding ponds. Additionally, the movement capabilities of juvenile A. maculatum in different habitat types was explored. Through the first survey I show that the proportion of forest influences incidence and density at a small spatial scale (100 m). I conclude that the breeding and post-breeding migration movements are influenced by the amount of forest and identify 15% forest, within 100 m of the pond, as a threshold amount of forest below which A. maculatum cannot persist at a pond. Results from a second survey, which encompassed a greater number of ponds at broader spatial scales, concur with the previous survey for the small scale effects of the proportion of forest, however, there is a significant effect of the proportion of forest at a broad spatial scale (1000 m). This provides indication that populations are spatially structured and that the amount of forest increases the connectivity of the landscape for A. maculatum. Also, at small spatial scales the total amount of road has a negative effect on incidence and abundance. Experimentally I assess the rates of movement of juveniles in forested and field habitat. Results show that juveniles can move faster in field habitat than forest. Finally, I explore the possibilities of harmonic radar as a new technique for tracking juvenile A. maculatum.

Book The Effects of Parasites Metals and Environmental Conditions on Spotted Salamander Ambystoma Maculatum Populations Breeding in Northern Arkansas

Download or read book The Effects of Parasites Metals and Environmental Conditions on Spotted Salamander Ambystoma Maculatum Populations Breeding in Northern Arkansas written by Heather M. DeMali and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Ambystoma Maculatum Spotted Salamander

Download or read book Ambystoma Maculatum Spotted Salamander written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Features Ambystoma maculatum, the spotted salamander, provided by Texas Memorial Museum of the University of Texas at Austin. Discusses the salamander's size, color, habitat, behavior, breeding, and range in Texas.

Book Pre metamorphic Survivorship in the Spotted Salamander Ambystoma Maculatum is Positively Associated with Inter allelic Distance Mean D2

Download or read book Pre metamorphic Survivorship in the Spotted Salamander Ambystoma Maculatum is Positively Associated with Inter allelic Distance Mean D2 written by Lori A. Erb and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: