Download or read book Nuclear Methods for Transmutation of Nuclear Waste written by M Kh Khankhasayev and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996-12-11 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-lived radioactive materials from the operation of nuclear power plants and from the maintenance and decommissioning of nuclear weapons pose environmental and security risks. Technologies that would counter such risks are under intense study worldwide. One such technology, transmutation by nuclear means into shorter-lived materials, was the subject of an international workshop in Russia, where the need for a viable solution of this problem is particularly strong. Current problems of that technology and future perspectives and cooperative research possibilities involving Russian and East European facilities are discussed by scientists from Russia, the United States and seven other countries representing basic research institutes, former nuclear weapons laboratories and nuclear industries. Computer modeling, data bases and experimental investigations needed for the conceptualization of demonstration, prototype and production facilities are treated in detail. Progress on the planning and construction of the first demonstration facilities is also described. From these proceedings it becomes evident that the problems inherent in radioactive waste accumulation can be solved only by international cooperation in which conventional methods are supplemented by new technologies, and that such a solution may require a sustained effort comparable to the Manhattan Project and the analogous project in the former USSR at the beginning of the nuclear era. Contents:Accelerator-Driven Systems — Survey of the Research Programs in the World (W Gudowski)The Los Alamos Accelerator-Driven Transmutation of Nuclear Waste Concept (G D Doolen et al.)Nuclear Waste Transmutation Program in the Czech Republic (R Mach et al.)Tentative Results of the ISTC Supported Study of the ADTT Plutonium Disposition (V D Kazaritsky et al.)Recent Neutron Physics Investigations for the Back End of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle (C H M Broeders et al.)Methods and Computer Codes for Burn-Up and Fast Transients Calculations in Subcritical Systems with External Sources (B P Kochurov et al.)Nuclear Data to Study Radiation Damage, Activation, and Transmutation of Materials Irradiated by Particles of Intermediate and High Energies (Yu A Korovin et al.)Neutron Multiplicity Distributions for GeV Proton Induced Spallation Reactions on Thin and Thick Targets of Pb and U (D Hilscher et al.)Subcritical Channel-Type Reactor for Weapon Plutonium Utilization (V N Aseev et al.)Accelerator-Driven Transmutation Technologies for Resolution of Long-Term Nuclear Waste Concerns (C D Bowman)and other papers Readership:Physicists, nuclear engineers, energy researchers, environmental researchers and radio- and nuclear chemists. keywords:
Download or read book Nuclear Wastes written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-02-23 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear weapons production and power generation has caused public outcry and political consternation. Nuclear Wastes presents a critical review of some waste management and disposal alternatives to the current national policy of direct disposal of light water reactor spent fuel. The book offers clearcut conclusions for what the nation should do today and what solutions should be explored for tomorrow. The committee examines the currently used "once-through" fuel cycle versus different alternatives of separations and transmutation technology systems, by which hazardous radionuclides are converted to nuclides that are either stable or radioactive with short half-lives. The volume provides detailed findings and conclusions about the status and feasibility of plutonium extraction and more advanced separations technologies, as well as three principal transmutation concepts for commercial reactor spent fuel. The book discusses nuclear proliferation; the U.S. nuclear regulatory structure; issues of health, safety and transportation; the proposed sale of electrical energy as a means of paying for the transmutation system; and other key issues.
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Workshop Nuclear Methods for Transmutation of Nuclear Waste written by M. Kh Khankhasaev and published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 1997 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-lived radioactive materials from the operation of nuclear power plants and from the maintenance and decommissioning of nuclear weapons pose environmental and security risks. Technologies that would counter such risks are under intense study worldwide. One such technology, transmutation by nuclear means into shorter-lived materials, was the subject of an international workshop in Russia, where the need for a viable solution of this problem is particularly strong.Current problems of that technology and future perspectives and cooperative research possibilities involving Russian and East European facilities are discussed by scientists from Russia, the United States and seven other countries representing basic research institutes, former nuclear weapons laboratories and nuclear industries. Computer modeling, data bases and experimental investigations needed for the conceptualization of demonstration, prototype and production facilities are treated in detail. Progress on the planning and construction of the first demonstration facilities is also described.From these proceedings it becomes evident that the problems inherent in radioactive waste accumulation can be solved only by international cooperation in which conventional methods are supplemented by new technologies, and that such a solution may require a sustained effort comparable to the Manhattan Project and the analogous project in the former USSR at the beginning of the nuclear era.
Download or read book Advanced Separation Techniques for Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing and Radioactive Waste Treatment written by Kenneth L Nash and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced separations technology is key to closing the nuclear fuel cycle and relieving future generations from the burden of radioactive waste produced by the nuclear power industry. Nuclear fuel reprocessing techniques not only allow for recycling of useful fuel components for further power generation, but by also separating out the actinides, lanthanides and other fission products produced by the nuclear reaction, the residual radioactive waste can be minimised. Indeed, the future of the industry relies on the advancement of separation and transmutation technology to ensure environmental protection, criticality-safety and non-proliferation (i.e., security) of radioactive materials by reducing their long-term radiological hazard. Advanced separation techniques for nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment provides a comprehensive and timely reference on nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment. Part one covers the fundamental chemistry, engineering and safety of radioactive materials separations processes in the nuclear fuel cycle, including coverage of advanced aqueous separations engineering, as well as on-line monitoring for process control and safeguards technology. Part two critically reviews the development and application of separation and extraction processes for nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment. The section includes discussions of advanced PUREX processes, the UREX+ concept, fission product separations, and combined systems for simultaneous radionuclide extraction. Part three details emerging and innovative treatment techniques, initially reviewing pyrochemical processes and engineering, highly selective compounds for solvent extraction, and developments in partitioning and transmutation processes that aim to close the nuclear fuel cycle. The book concludes with other advanced techniques such as solid phase extraction, supercritical fluid and ionic liquid extraction, and biological treatment processes. With its distinguished international team of contributors, Advanced separation techniques for nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment is a standard reference for all nuclear waste management and nuclear safety professionals, radiochemists, academics and researchers in this field. A comprehensive and timely reference on nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment Details emerging and innovative treatment techniques, reviewing pyrochemical processes and engineering, as well as highly selective compounds for solvent extraction Discusses the development and application of separation and extraction processes for nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment
Download or read book Nuclear Back end and Transmutation Technology for Waste Disposal written by Ken Nakajima and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-05 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers essential aspects of transmutation technologies, highlighting especially the advances in Japan. The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) has caused us to focus attention on a large amount of spent nuclear fuels stored in NPPs. In addition, public anxiety regarding the treatment and disposal of high-level radioactive wastes that require long-term control is growing. The Japanese policy on the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle is still unpredictable in the aftermath of the accident. Therefore, research and development for enhancing the safety of various processes involved in nuclear energy production are being actively pursued worldwide. In particular, nuclear transmutation technology has been drawing significant attention after the accident. This publication is timely with the following highlights: 1) Development of accelerator-driven systems (ADSs), which is a brand-new reactor concept for transmutation of highly radioactive wastes; 2) Nuclear reactor systems from the point of view of the nuclear fuel cycle. How to reduce nuclear wastes or how to treat them including the debris from TEPCO’s Fukushima nuclear power stations is discussed; and 3) Environmental radioactivity, radioactive waste treatment and geological disposal policy. State-of-the-art technologies for overall back-end issues of the nuclear fuel cycle as well as the technologies of transmutation are presented here. The chapter authors are actively involved in the development of ADSs and transmutation-related technologies. The future of the back-end issues in Japan is very uncertain after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi NPP and this book provides an opportunity for readers to consider the future direction of those issues.
Download or read book Nuclear Waste Research written by Arnold P. Lattefer and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radioactive wastes are waste types containing radioactive chemical elements that do not have a practical purpose. They are sometimes the products of a nuclear processes, such as nuclear fission. However, other industries not directly connected to the nuclear industry can produce large quantities of radioactive waste. For instance, over the past 20 years it is estimated that just the oil-producing endeavours of the US have accumulated 8 million tons of radioactive wastes. The majority of radioactive waste is "low-level waste", meaning it has low levels of radioactivity per mass or volume. This type of waste often consists of used protective clothing, which is only slightly contaminated but still dangerous in case of radioactive contamination of a human body through ingestion, inhalation, absorption, or injection. The issue of disposal methods for nuclear waste was one of the most pressing current problems the international nuclear industry faced when trying to establish a long term energy production plan, yet there was hope it could be safely solved. In the U.S., the DOE acknowledged much progress in addressing the waste problems of the industry, and successful remediation of some contaminated sites, yet also major uncertainties and sometimes complications and setbacks in handling the issue properly, cost effectively, and in the projected time frame. In other countries with lower ability or will to maintain environmental integrity the issue would be more problematic. This new book presents the latest research in the field.
Download or read book Nuclear Methods in Mineralogy and Geology written by Attila Vértes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book appears a century after the discovery of radioactivity. It was in 1896, when Henri Becquerel reported his first results about the penetrating radiation, which could darken the packed photographic plates. The initial fascination of radioactivity, e.g., the discovery of new radioactive elements, the first real description of the structure of atoms and their nuclei, the applications of radiotracers, the high sensitivity of activation analysis, etc., was followed by the use of atomic bomb in 1945. The mushroom cloud became a symbol of destructive nuclear power. And even nuclear energy production (which provides about 20% of the world's electricity) is overshadowed by radioactive waste. However, the latest results suggest that the Accelerator-Driven Transmutation Technology (ADTT) will solve this problem, since this technique can decrease the lifetime of the fission products comparatively to the human lifespan. Practical control of fusion may also be possible in the first decades of the next millennium.
Download or read book The Chemistry of Nuclear Fuel Waste Disposal written by Donald R. Wiles and published by Presses inter Polytechnique. This book was released on 2002 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume carefully describes the nature of radioactivity and of nuclear power and discusses in detail the management of radioactive waste by the multi-barrier system, but also takes an unusual approach to assessing the risks. Using knowledge of the chemical properties of the various radionuclides in spent fuel, this book follows each of the important radionuclides as it travels through the many barriers placed in its path. It turns out that only two radionuclides are able to reach the biosphere, and they arrive at the earth's surface only after many thousands of years. A careful analysis of the critical points of the disposal plant emphasizes site rejection criteria and other stages at which particular care must be taken, demonstrating how dangers can be anticipated and putting to rest the fear of nuclear fuel waste and its geological burial.
Download or read book An International Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage Facility written by Russian Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-10-03 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of a long-standing collaboration on nuclear nonproliferation, the National Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Sciences held a joint workshop in Moscow in 2003 on the scientific aspects of an international radioactive disposal site in Russia. The passage of Russian laws permitting the importation and storage of high-level radioactive material (primarily spent nuclear fuel from reactors) has engendered interest from a number of foreign governments, including the U.S., in exploring the possibility of transferring material to Russia on a temporary or permanent basis. The workshop focused on the environmental aspects of the general location and characteristics of a possible storage site, transportation to and within the site, containers for transportation and storage, inventory and accountability, audits and inspections, and handling technologies.
Download or read book Chemical Separations in Nuclear Waste Management written by Gregory R. Choppin and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The separation of radioactive waste materials into their chemical components is at the heart of all efforts to reduce the volume of nuclear waste. In Chemical Separations in Nuclear Waste Management: The State of the Art and a Look to the Future, the authors discuss the present state and possible future directions of separations science and technology. The book presents an overview of the environmental legacy from nuclear weapons production in the United States and the former Soviet Union, the magnitude of the cleanup efforts that are underway in both countries, and the pivotal role played in these efforts by separations science. Needs that are specific to the future development of separations science and technology are emphasized. Contents:1. Overview of Chemical Separation Methods. II. The Environmental Legacy of the Cold War: Site Cleanup in the United States. III. Environmental Impacts of Separation Technologies in Russia. IV. Non-Aqueous Separation Methods. V. U.S.-Russian Cooperative Program in Research and Development of Chemical Separation Technologies. VI. Radiation Protection Aspects of Nuclear Waste Separations. VII. Accelerator-Driven Transmutation Technologies for Nuclear Waste Treatment.
Download or read book Disposition of High Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-05 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focused attention by world leaders is needed to address the substantial challenges posed by disposal of spent nuclear fuel from reactors and high-level radioactive waste from processing such fuel. The biggest challenges in achieving safe and secure storage and permanent waste disposal are societal, although technical challenges remain. Disposition of radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository is a sound approach as long as it progresses through a stepwise decision-making process that takes advantage of technical advances, public participation, and international cooperation. Written for concerned citizens as well as policymakers, this book was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and waste management organizations in eight other countries.
Download or read book The Science of the Cold Fusion Phenomenon written by Hideo Kozima and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-09-26 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broken up in to three sections, The Science of the Cold Fusion Phenomenon gives a unified explanation of all the significant data on the Cold Fusion Phenomena to date. It presents a history of the Cold Fusion Phenomenon (CFP), gives the fundamental experimental results of the CFP and presents a quantum mechanical treatment of physical problems associated with cold fusion. Overviews the abundance of research and investigation that followed the 'cold fusion scandal' in 1989 Explores the fundamental science behind the original Fleischmann experiment
Download or read book An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation written by Michael I Ojovan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-12-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on the authors' extensive experience in the processing and disposal of waste, An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation, Second Edition examines the gamut of nuclear waste issues from the natural level of radionuclides in the environment to geological disposal of waste-forms and their long-term behavior. It covers all-important aspects of processing and immobilization, including nuclear decay, regulations, new technologies and methods. Significant focus is given to the analysis of the various matrices used, especially cement and glass, with further discussion of other matrices such as bitumen. The final chapter concentrates on the performance assessment of immobilizing materials and safety of disposal, providing a full range of the resources needed to understand and correctly immobilize nuclear waste.
Download or read book Partitioning and Transmutation P T 1997 written by Åsa Enarsson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Waste Conditioning written by France. Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA) and published by Le Moniteur Editions. This book was released on 2009 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fission Product Yield Data for the Transmutation of Minor Actinide Nuclear Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CD-ROM includes Publication and appendices A-D.
