Download or read book Nuclear Genetic Markers Distinguishing Between Colorado River Cutthroat Trout Yellowston Cutthroat Trout and Rainbow Trout of the Sheep Creek Drainage Utah written by Amara Bray and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conservation Status of Colorado River Cutthroat Trout written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Master s Theses Directories written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".
Download or read book Introgression Between Colorado River Cutthroat Trout and Rainbow Trout in an Isolated Drainage System written by Catherine M. Bischoff and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Status of Isolated Populations of Colorado River Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus Clarkii Pleuriticus in the North Fork Little Snake River Drainage Wyoming written by Rachel Van Horne and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many cases of accidental isolation, the populations above the barriers have limited habitat and small population sizes that make them vulnerable to extinction and may hold evolutionary value to the species as a whole. All the isolated populations in the drainage currently have high genetic differentiation among tributaries, low genetic diversity within each tributary, a suggestion of isolation by distance, and effective population sizes that are below the recommendation for long- term persistence. This structure represents natural and anthropogenic influences, but the presence of the human-constructed barriers in the headwater tributaries puts the larger core conservation group at risk into the future. Although the genetic diversities within the populations are low, the high genetic differentiations among populations suggest that each population may have its own unique contribution to the evolutionary value to the drainage as a whole and each is important to conserve into the future.
Download or read book Genetic Differentiation Among Cutthroat Trout Populations written by Ruping Xu and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hybridization and Introgression in a Managed Native Population of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Genetic Detection and Management Implications written by Matthew R. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the mid-1920s, the Idaho Department of Fish and Game has cultured Yellowstone cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri at Henrys Lake to offset declines in natural production and for use in stocking programs throughout Idaho. Since the mid-1970s, they have also produced F1 hybrids: female Yellowstone cutthroat trout * male rainbow trout O. mykiss. The ability of fishery managers, when selecting broodstock, to visually distinguish returning cutthroat trout from F1 hybrids is, therefore, crucial to avoid accidental introduction of rainbow trout genes into the hatchery-supplemented cutthroat trout population. To evaluate this ability, fish identified by staff as putative cutthroat trout or hybrids (an array of phenotypic characters are used), were sampled during two spawning seasons. Phenotypically identified fish were genetically tested using species-specific restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA gene loci and diagnostic allozyme loci. Current levels of rainbow trout introgression in the cutthroat trout population at Henrys Lake were also investigated by analyzing samples collected from the lake and several of its tributaries. Results indicated that staff's phenotypic identifications were highly accurate in distinguishing cutthroat trout from F1 hybrids when selecting broodstock (no F1 hybrids were detected among 80 samples identified as pure). However, backcrosses of F1 hybrids were identified in random collections of adults from the lake as well as fry from Henrys Lake tributaries, indicating introgression. Present levels of rainbow trout introgression are most likely the product of past rainbow trout introductions and limited, intermittent spawning of hatchery-produced F1 hybrids with wild Yellowstone cutthroat, rather than the accidental crossing of F1 hybrids with cutthroat trout at the hatchery. Current levels of introgression are inadvertently maintained by (1) the inability of managers to phenotypically identify and exclude as broodstock individuals with low levels of rainbow trout introgression and (2) the limited, intermittent reproductive success of straying, hatchery-produced F1 hybrids.--Abstract.
Download or read book Natural Variation in Spotting Hyoid Teeth Counts and Coloration of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout written by Ross V. Bulkley and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Differences in hyoid teeth and spotting counts among samples from four related populations of Yellowstone cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki lewisi Girard, reached species and subspecies levels as defined by some workers. Body coloration varied significantly among fish in six spawning runs of Yellowstone Lake, Wyo. The use of coloration, spotting, and hyoid teeth counts in cutthroat trout for taxonomic purposes needs reevalution.
Download or read book Hybridization Between Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout and Rainbow Trout in the Upper Snake River Basin Wyoming written by Ryan P. Kovach and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human-induced hybridization between fish populations and species is a major threat to aquatic biodiversity worldwide and is particularly relevant to management of the subspecies of cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii. The upper Snake River basin in Wyoming contains one of the largest remaining populations of Yellowstone cutthroat trout O. clarkii bouvieri, a subspecies of special concern throughout its range; however, little is known about levels of hybridization between Yellowstone cutthroat trout and exotic rainbow trout O. mykiss or about the overall genetic population structure for this river basin. There is concern that the Gros Ventre River is a source of hybridization for the Snake River basin. We sampled across the upper Snake River basin to estimate levels of hybridization and population structure and to describe hybrid zone structure and spatial patterns of hybridization throughout the basin. We used this information to help resolve whether the Gros Ventre River was acting as a potential source of hybridization for the upper Snake River basin. We found that Yellowstone cutthroat trout genotypes dominated the river system, but hybridization was detected at low levels in all populations. The Gros Ventre River contained the highest levels of hybridization (population and individual) and displayed evidence of ongoing hybridization between parental genotypes. Levels of hybridization decreased as a function of distance from the Gros Ventre River, suggesting that this population is acting as a source of rainbow trout genes. These patterns were evident despite the fact that levels of genetic connectivity appeared to be higher than those observed in other cutthroat trout populations (global genetic differentiation index F ST = 0.04), and we did not find evidence for genetic isolation by distance. Management actions aimed at reducing the presence of highly hybridized cutthroat trout or rainbow trout individuals in the Gros Ventre River will help to maintain the upper Snake River basin as an important conservation area.
Download or read book Genetic Relationships of Fifteen Cutthroat Trout Populations from Utah Streams in the Colorado River and Bonneville Drainages written by Dennis K. Shiozawa and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Nuclear DNA Markers to Detect Hybridization and Assess Phylogenetic Relationships Among Subspecies of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss and Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus Clarki written by J. W. Pearce Smithwick and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of an Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms AFLP Test to Distinguish Colorado River from Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout written by Kevin B. Rogers and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Temporal Reproductive Separation of Fluvial Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout from Rainbow Trout and Hybrids in the Yellowstone River written by James N. DeRito and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yellowstone cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvierii are genomically extinct throughout much of their historic range because of displacement by and introgression with introduced rainbow trout O. mykiss. However, fluvial Yellowstone cutthroat trout still retain their genetic integrity while coexisting with rainbow trout in the Yellowstone River. We assessed whether spatial or temporal reproductive isolation, or both, occurs between these taxa. Time and place of spawning was determined by radiotelemetry. We implanted 164 trout (98 cutthroat trout, 37 rainbow trout, and 29 cutthroat trout ? rainbow trout hybrids) with radio tags before the 2001, 2002, and 2003 spawning seasons in four sections of a 140-km segment of the main-stem Yellowstone River. Of the 164 radio-tagged fish, 73 (44 Yellowstone cutthroat trout, 15 rainbow trout, and 14 hybrids) were assumed to have spawned; 55 (75.3%) used 16 tributaries, 17 (23.3%) used 7 river side channels, and 1 (1.4%) used the main channel of the Yellowstone River for spawning. The majority of fish that spawned (62%) used five spawning areas. Spawning area and spawning reach overlap index values were high among all taxa. In contrast, the mean migration and spawning dates of rainbow trout and hybrids were 5?9 weeks earlier than those of cutthroat trout. Rainbow trout and hybrids began migrating and spawning in April and May when Yellowstone River discharges were lower and water temperatures were colder than during cutthroat trout migration and spawning in June and July. The spawning period overlap index values (rainbow trout and hybrids versus cutthroat trout) were typically less than half the spatial overlap index values. Therefore, the difference in time of spawning is probably the predominant mechanism maintaining reproductive isolation among fluvial trout. Management actions focused on protecting and enhancing later-spawning cutthroat trout in tributaries may enhance their temporal reproductive separation from earlier-spawning rainbow trout and hybrids.
Download or read book A Cytogenetic Analysis of Cutthroat Trout in Yellowstone National Park written by Robert M. Kitchin and published by . This book was released on with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One important goal of fisheries managers is the preservation of the breeding populations of native species. The cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki, is the trout species native to the Rocky Mountains and is found in several independent drainage systems on both sides of the Continental Divide. The cutthroat trout in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks are among the last representatives of a gene pool which had become well adapted over thousands of years to the environmental conditions prevalent in this area. Non-native trout species, however, have been introduced into this aream in the past with which the native cutthroat trout might hybridize. For the past few years we have been employing both biochemical and cytogenetic techniques to evaluate the taxonomic status and assess the purity of cutthroat trout populations in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. The objectives of the cytogenetic portion of this research project were : to compare cytogenetically the cutthroat trout populations present in Yellowstone National Park ; to determine the extent of within individual and between individual variation in the chromosomal constitution of cutthroat trout ; to assess the purity of the existing cutthroat trout populations in Yellowstone National Park by looking for cytogentic evidence of introgression between cutthroat and non-native rainbow trout ; and to evaluate the taxonomic status of the Colorado River cutthroat trout. The report describes the results of the cytogenetic portion of our studies. The results of the electrophoretic studies will be submitted separately by Dr. Loudenslager.
Download or read book Multiscale Genetic Structure of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout in the Upper Snake River Basin written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Populations of Yellowstone cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvierii have declined throughout their native range as a result of habitat fragmentation, overharvest, and introductions of nonnative trout that have hybridized with or displaced native populations. The degree to which these factors have impacted the current genetic population structure of Yellowstone cutthroat trout populations is of primary interest for their conservation. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity and genetic population structure of Yellowstone cutthroat trout in Idaho and Nevada with data from six polymorphic microsatellite loci. A total of 1,392 samples were analyzed from 45 sample locations throughout 11 major river drainages. We found that levels of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation varied extensively. The Salt River drainage, which is representative of the least impacted migration corridors in Idaho, had the highest levels of genetic diversity and low levels of genetic differentiation. High levels of genetic differentiation were observed at similar or smaller geographic scales in the Portneuf River, Raft River, and Teton River drainages, which are more altered by anthropogenic disturbances. Results suggested that Yellowstone cutthroat trout are naturally structured at the major river drainage level but that habitat fragmentation has altered this structuring. Connectivity should be restored via habitat restoration whenever possible to minimize losses in genetic diversity and to preserve historical processes of gene flow, life history variation, and metapopulation dynamics. However, alternative strategies for management and conservation should also be considered in areas where there is a strong likelihood of nonnative invasions or extensive habitat fragmentation that cannot be easily ameliorated.
Download or read book Genetic Variation Among and Within Native and Non native Trout Oncorhynchus Populations of the Sheep Creek Drainage Utah written by Colleen P. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Hsp30 Gene as Markers to Detect Oncohynchus Mykiss rainbow Trout and Oncorhynchus Clarkii cutthroat Trout Hybridization written by Rebecca L. Loda and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Hybridization with introduced rainbow trout has been a formidable barrier to conservation and re-introduction of native species of cutthroat trout in the inter mountain west, including the Truckee River system. To aid in the management of native cutthroat trout, a reliable test needs to be developed to identify and monitor hybrids. Genetic analysis of microsatellites has been employed for hybrid detection, but the high degree of inter- and intra- species variability at these loci limits this approach to specific strains of trout. Because of the amount of genetic variation between subspecies of trout, additional markers are desirable for robust identification of hybrids ... To test the possibility of using genetic variation within the HSP30 locus as markers to detect rainbow trout and cutthroat trout hybrids, DNA from Greenback, Lahontan, Colorado River, Bonneville, Coastal, Yellowstone, Westslope, and Snake River cutthroat trout and four strains of rainbow trout was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Consensus sequences and sequence alignments were produced for each species or subspecies, and the data were analyzed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that showed species-specific variation. Four polymorphic loci were identified that allow distinction between rainbow trout and seven of the of the eight cutthroat subspecies. Primers pairs were designed to allow species identification without the need for sequencing, using SNPs in the HSP30 gene for the identification of rainbow/cutthroat hybrids and also hybridization between different strains of cutthroat and cutthroat/rainbow hybrids using high throughput sequencing. We were able to design a primer pair that could distinguish rainbow and cutthroat trout using only PCR. However, additional primers must be developed that can identify cutthroat/rainbow hybrids without sequence analysis."--Abstract.
