Download or read book Novel Oncogenes in Breast Cancer Development written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breast cancer is a multi-step genetic process involving mutations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes With a few notable exceptions the genetic determinants that contribute to the development of breast cancer remain unknown We have developed and applied a novel retrovirus-based library screening strategy coupled to a biological assay for growth transformation, to identify novel oncogenes in breast cancer development The approach involves the isolation of mRNA from noninvasive (MCF-7) and invasive (BT549 and Hs578T) human breast carcinoma cell lines to generate full length cDNA sequences, and introduced into a retrovirus expression vector The retrovirus, encoding genes expressed in breast cancers, is infected into Rat-l fibroblasts or RIE-l rat intestinal epithelial cells and screened for the appearance of foci of transformed cells The resulting transformed cells are isolated and the retrovirus-associated cDNA is rescued After sequence analyses, and verification of transforming activity of the isolated sequences, further analyses are done to assess the contribution of the isolate% genes to breast cancer development From these screens, we have identified the FGF receptor 2 and the Raf-l serine/threonine kinase.
Download or read book Holland Frei Cancer Medicine written by Robert C. Bast, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cloning of Novel Oncogenes Involved in Human Breast Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the aberrant overexpression of HER family receptors is known to be involved in breast cancer, the complex nature of the genetic events that trigger the development of breast cancer remain to be identified. The authors have developed, refined, and applied a retrovirus-based gene transfer assay to identify activated oncogenes in breast cancer. Progress during the past year has involved the following: (1) the use of breast carcinoma cell lines for generation of retrovirus expression libraries; (2) development of better functional screens for activated oncogenes, and (3) evaluation of protocols to improve the rescue of cDNAs from the transformed cell populations. The authors have generated several retrovirus-based cDNA expression libraries that represent genes expressed in noninvasive (MCF-7 and T47D) and invasive (MDA-MB4682 and BT549) human breast cancer cell lines. These libraries were introduced into Rat-1 rodent fibroblasts and RIE-1 rat intestinal epithelial cells, after which transforming activity was assayed. Two isolates from the analyses encode the Rat-1 serine/threonine kinase and the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2). In the final year of support, the authors characterized the transforming activity of FGFR2 and evaluated possible signaling mechanisms by which it causes transformation. The results show that pharmacologic inhibitors of MEK1/2 potently block FGFR2 transforming activity. (4 figures, 7 refs.).
Download or read book Genes Oncogenes and Hormones written by Robert B. Dickson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-10-31 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where do you begin to look for a recent, authoritative article on the diagnosis or management of a particular malignancy? The few general oncology textbooks are generally out of date. Single papers in specialized journals are informative but seldom comprehensive; these are more often preliminary reports on a very limited number of patients. Certain general journals frequently publish good in-depth reviews of cancer topics, and published symposium lectures are often the best overviews available. Unfortunately, these reviews and supplements appear sporadically, and the reader can never be sure when a topic of special interest will be covered. Cancer Treatment and Research is a series of authoritative volumes that aim to meet this need. It is an attempt to establish a critical mass of oncology literature covering virtually all oncology topics, revised frequently to keep the coverage up to date, and easily available on a single library shelf or by a single personal subscription. We have approached the problem in the following fashion: first, by dividing the oncology literature into specific subdivisions such as lung cancer, genitourinary cancer, pediatric oncology, etc.; and second, by asking eminent authorities in each of these areas to edit a volume on the specific topic on an annual or biannual basis. Each topic and tumor type is covered in a volume appearing frequently and predictably, discussing current di agnosis, staging, markers, all forms of treatment modalities, basic biology, and more.
Download or read book The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism written by Anne Le and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic alterations in cancer, in addition to being the fundamental drivers of tumorigenesis, can give rise to a variety of metabolic adaptations that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate in diverse tumor microenvironments. This metabolic flexibility is different from normal cellular metabolic processes and leads to heterogeneity in cancer metabolism within the same cancer type or even within the same tumor. In this book, we delve into the complexity and diversity of cancer metabolism, and highlight how understanding the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism is fundamental to the development of effective metabolism-based therapeutic strategies. Deciphering how cancer cells utilize various nutrient resources will enable clinicians and researchers to pair specific chemotherapeutic agents with patients who are most likely to respond with positive outcomes, allowing for more cost-effective and personalized cancer therapeutic strategies.
Download or read book Regulatory Mechanisms in Breast Cancer written by Marc E. Lippman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Breast Cancer: Cellular and Molecular Biology [Kluwer Academic Pub lishers, 1988], we tried to present an introduction to the emerging basic studies on steroid receptors, oncogenes, and growth factors in the regulation of normal and malignant mammary epithelium. The response to this volume was superb, indicating a tremendous interest in basic growth regulatory mechanisms governing breast cancer and controlling its malignant progres sion. In the two years since its publication, much new and exciting in formation has been published and the full interplay of regulatory mechanisms is now beginning to emerge. We have divided this book into four sections that we hope will unify important concepts and help to crystallize areas of consensus and/or disagreement among a diverse group of basic and clinical scientists working on the disease. The first section is devoted to studies on oncogenes, antioncogenes, proliferation, and tumor prognosis. The first chapter, by Sunderland and McGuire, introduces the characteristics of breast cancer as studied by patho logists to establish prognostic outcome. Of particular interest is a new proto oncogene called HER-2 (or neu), which is rapidly becoming accepted as a valuable new tumor marker of poor prognosis. The second chapter, by Lee Bookstein and Lee, introduces the best known antioncogene, the retinoblas toma antioncogene, whose expression is sometimes lost in breast cancer. Malignant progression appears to be influenced by the balance of proto oncogene and antioncogene expression.
Download or read book Advances in Breast Cancer Management 2nd edition written by William J. Gradishar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-08-31 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The optimal management of breast cancer patients relies on the expertise of a team of medical specialists including radiologists, surgeons, radiation therapists and medical oncologists. Much of the progress in breast cancer management made over the last several years reflects the translation of observations made in the laboratory to the clinic. Critically evaluating the impact of new treatment approaches relies on a commitment to well-designed clinical trials. In this volume, Advances in Breast Cancer Management, a renowned group of breast cancer experts have been asked to provide their perspective on management issues that directly effect patients on a day-to-day basis. Dr. Melody Cobleigh discusses the consequences of estrogen deprivation and the ways of ameliorating secondary symptoms and the potential long-term morbidity. Drs. Haigh and Guiliano review the sentinel lymph node biopsy technique including results from their extensive experience. Dr. Abram Recht places into perspective the potential benefit of post-mastectomy radiotherapy and reviews recent trials that address this issue. Dr. Dennis Slamon takes from us from the laboratory to the clinic in explaining the development of Herceptin as a paradigm for therapy targeted to specific molecular characteristics of breast cancer tumor cells. Drs. Nieto, Shpall, Crump and Pritchard offer different perspectives on the future of high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplantation as a treatment for breast cancer patients. Drs.
Download or read book Genes and Cancer written by Guy-Joseph Lemamy and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-09-11 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer is a malignant tumor caused by DNA damage, which leads to uncontrolled cell growth. Tumor progression is locally favored by the mitogenic effects of hormones or growth factors, which stimulate the tumor's growth, or the activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, which induces angiogenesis and leads to metastasis. About 300 out of 25,000 genes that set up the human genome are involved in cancer pathology. These genes are divided into three groups: oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. Activated oncogenes promote the development of cancer, whereas the tumor suppressor and DNA repair genes have a protective role by respectively inhibiting cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis, or by repairing DNA damage occurring during the cell cycle. This book discusses the issue of tumor suppressor genes through chapters written by experts using advanced biochemistry, cell, and molecular biology tools. The tumor suppressor genes can be used as markers of risk to identify populations with high risk or targets for cancer treatment and therapeutic resistance. We hope that the work provided in this book will be useful for researchers and students and will increase knowledge of the understanding of cancer and improve its treatment.
Download or read book Her 2 written by Robert Bazell and published by Random House. This book was released on 2011-04-27 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two years after she underwent a mastectomy and chemotherapy, Barbara Bradfield's aggressive breast cancer had recurred and spread to her lungs. The outlook was grim. Then she took part in Genentech's clinical trials for a new drug. Five years later she remains cancer-free. Her-2 is the biography of Herceptin, the drug that provoked dramatic responses in Barbara Bradfield and other women in the trials and that offers promise for hundreds of thousands of breast cancer patients. Unlike chemotherapy or radiation, Herceptin has no disabling side effects. It works by inactivating Her-2/neu--a protein that makes cancer cells grow especially quickly-- produced by a gene found in 25 to 30 percent of all breast tumors. Herceptin caused some patients' cancers to disappear completely; in others, it slowed the progression of the disease and gave the women months or years they wouldn't otherwise have had. Herceptin is the first treatment targeted at a gene defect that gives rise to cancer. It marks the beginning of a new era of treatment for all kinds of cancers. Robert Bazell presents a riveting account of how Herceptin was born. Her-2 is a story of dramatic discoveries and strong personalities, showing the combination of scientific investigation, money, politics, ego, corporate decisions, patient activism, and luck involved in moving this groundbreaking drug from the lab to a patient's bedside. Bazell's deft portraits introduce us to the remarkable people instrumental in Herceptin's history, including Dr. Dennis Slamon, the driven UCLA oncologist who played the primary role in developing the treatment; Lily Tartikoff, wife of television executive Brandon Tartikoff, who tapped into Hollywood money and glamour to help fund Slamon's research; and Marti Nelson, who inspired the activists who lobbied for a "compassionate use" program that would allow women outside the clinical trials to have access to the limited supplies of Herceptin prior to FDA approval of the drug. And throughout there are the stories of the heroic women with advanced breast cancer who volunteered for the trials, risking what time they had left on an unproven treatment. Meticulously researched, written with clarity and compassion, Her-2 is masterly reporting on cutting-edge science.
Download or read book Novel Roles for FAM83 Oncogenes in Breast Cancer written by Courtney A. Bartel and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite advances in prevention and treatment, breast cancer (BC) remains the most commonly diagnosed cancer in U.S. women, resulting in over 40,000 deaths a year. New therapies must be developed to improve survival of patients with BC. Identifying targets for precision therapeutics is challenging, as they should have low expression in normal cells and a clearly defined, targetable, mechanism of action. While current precision therapies have improved patient survival, most tumors eventually develop resistance. Here, we discuss two members of a novel oncogene family, Family with Sequence Similarity 83 (FAM83), members A and B (FAM83A and FAM83B). The expression of both FAM83A and FAM83B is elevated in BC, and both confer resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies by activating downstream signaling pathways. Additionally, FAM83A was implicated in resistance to another BC drug, trastuzumab, which targets the HER2 receptor in a subset of BCs. We show that, while FAM83A is not directly involved in trastuzumab resistance signaling, its expression is required for growth of trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive BC cells, with loss of FAM83A expression resulting in apoptosis. Another challenge in treating patients with BC is metastasis, which is responsible for most BC deaths. Metastasis is initiated by epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). The acquisition of mesenchymal properties allows cells to escape the15primary site and travel throughout the body to establish distant metastases. EMT also enriches for a cancer stem cell (CSC) properties. Unexpectedly, elevated FAM83B oncogene expression was associated with the less aggressive epithelial phenotype in a human mammary epithelial cell transformation model. Additionally, shRNA-mediated knock-down of FAM83B from epithelial cells resulted in the emergence of a spontaneous mesenchymal/CSC population, indicating the cells had undergone EMT. In addition, suppression of FAM83B enhanced EMT in response to the tumor microenvironmental cytokine oncostatin M (OSM). FAM83B knock-down activates the signaling protein p- STAT3, which in turn increases the expression of master EMT transcription factors Zeb1 and Snail and the mesenchymal marker vimentin. These novel findings describing how FAM83A and FAM83B influence cancer cell signaling will help determine how to target them in the future, with the hope of improving the survival of patients with BC.
Download or read book Clinical Gynecology written by Eric J. Bieber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 1127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written with the busy practice in mind, this book delivers clinically focused, evidence-based gynecology guidance in a quick-reference format. It explores etiology, screening, tests, diagnosis, and treatment for a full range of gynecologic health issues. The coverage includes the full range of gynecologic malignancies, reproductive endocrinology and infertility, infectious diseases, urogynecologic problems, gynecologic concerns in children and adolescents, and surgical interventions including minimally invasive surgical procedures. Information is easy to find and absorb owing to the extensive use of full-color diagrams, algorithms, and illustrations. The new edition has been expanded to include aspects of gynecology important in international and resource-poor settings.
Download or read book Understanding Breast Cancer Genetics written by Barbara T. Zimmerman and published by Univ. Press of Mississippi. This book was released on 2004 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health & Sickness -- Consumer Health This book by a scientist whose background is in cellular and molecular biology examines the fearsome disease that strikes one in eight women in the United States. Although women are more likely to die of heart disease or of lung cancer, a diagnosis of breast cancer is the medical pronouncement that a woman is most likely to fear. It kills more than 40,000 Americans annually. Why are some women more vulnerable than others? The interplay between genetics and environment is suspected. Thus this book for general readers will help them understand the genetic bases of both sporadic and inherited breast cancers. Although only five to ten percent of breast cancer patients have inherited mutations in these genes, all women need to understand the genetic implications of the disease. In clear, concise language Barbara T. Zimmerman guides the reader through the complexities, discussing in detail the genes that are known to increase susceptibility and the ways they are passed on. Examining the general biology of breast cancer, Zimmerman describes how sporadic and inherited forms of the disease arise and how the location of the tumors can affect the body. She discusses genetic mutations and their roles in the development of tumors and tells how these potentially cancer-inducing genes were discovered. Covered too are the issues of risk, prevention, screening, diagnosis, therapy, and genetic testing and counseling. Zimmerman concludes with a comprehensive analysis of current research and with an emphasis on how a woman's understanding of inherited breast cancer can help doctors seeking to design better methods for prevention and therapy. A useful list of resources for further information about the genetic causes of breast cancer is included. Barbara T. Zimmerman did her graduate work in experimental pathology and her post-doctoral research in the cellular and molecular processes of disease. Widely published, she is the manager of the Denver-based firm Biomedical Communication and Consulting.
Download or read book Understanding the Functions of the Novel Oncogene Shon in Breast Cancer written by Bing Xu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Growth Factors and Oncogenes in Breast Cancer written by Mels Sluyser and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1987 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cancer Cell Structures Carcinogens and Genomic Instability written by Leon P. Bignold and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tumors can be induced by a variety of physical and chemical carcinogens. The resulting tumor cells are usually abnormal in their morphology and behavior and transmit their abnormalities to their daughter tumor cells. Most theories of the pathogenesis of tumors suggest that carcinogens in some way cause alterations either of the genomes or of inheritable patterns of gene expression in normal cells, which then cause morphological and behavioral changes. This volume presents a collection of articles aimed at the question by what genetic or epigenetic mechanisms carcinogens can cause morphological abnormalities of tumor cells. It includes reviews of cellular targets of known carcinogens, and presents varying viewpoints of how morphological abnormalities and the actions of carcinogens might be related. The volume will be of interest to all those who are involved in cancer research or in the prevention, diagnosis or management of tumors in humans or animals.
Download or read book Tumor Suppressor Par 4 written by Vivek M. Rangnekar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Par-4 is a naturally occurring tumor suppressor. Studies have indicated that overexpression of Par-4 selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells while leaving normal, health, cells unaffected. Mechanisms contributing to this cancer-selective action of Par-4 have been associated with PKA activation of intracellular Par-4 in cancer cells or GRP78 expression primarily on the surface of cancer cells. On the other hand, endogenous Par-4 sensitizes cells to the action of a broad range of apoptotic inducers acting via the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. A number of binding partners of Par-4 have been identified and shown to regulate Par-4 function in cancer and other diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and major depression. Recent studies have recognized a number of natural products, dietary supplements, synthetic molecules and FDA-approved drugs that induce the secretion of Par-4 protein to cause apoptosis in primary or metastatic tumors, one of which is in clinical trials. More than 50 different laboratories worldwide are involved in Par-4 based research of this unique protein that has progressed from the bench to clinical trials. This second, companion volume will provide a comprehensive overview of Par-4’s role in cancer and other diseases. Chapters are written by leading researchers, and will be useful for a broad audience across the scientific community, particularly students and trainees, who are the next generation of scientists and clinicians to participate in new studies and discoveries on Par-4.
