Download or read book Novel Microstrip Patch Antennas with Frequency Agility Polarization Reconfigurablity Dual Null Steering Capability and Phased Array Antenna with Beam Steering Performance written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays the wireless communication technology is playing an important role in our daily life. People use wireless devices not only as a conventional communication device but also as tracking and navigation tool, web browsing tool, data storage and transfer tool and so for many other reasons. Based on the user demand, wireless communication engineers try to accommodate as many as possible wireless systems and applications in a single device and therefore, creates a multifunctional device. Antenna, as an integral part of any wireless communication systems, should also be evolved and adjusted with development of wireless transceiver systems. Therefore multifunctional antennas have been introduced to support and enhance the functionality on modern wireless systems. The main focus and contribution of this thesis is design of novel multifunctional microstrip antennas with frequency agility, polarization reconfigurablity, dual null steering capability and phased array antenna with beam steering performance. In this thesis, first, a wide bandwidth(1.10 GHz to 1.60 GHz) right-handed circularly polarized (RHCP) directional antenna for global positioning system (GPS) satellite receive application has been introduced which covers all the GPS bands starting from L1 to L5. This design consists of two crossed bow-tie dipole antennas fed with sequentially phase rotated feed network backed with an artificial high impedance surface (HIS) structure to generate high gain directional radiation patterns. This design shows good CP gain and axial ratio (AR) and wide beamwidth performance. Although this design has good radiation quality, the size and the weight can be reduced as future study. In the second design, a frequency agile antenna was developed which also covers the L-band (L1 to L5) satellite communication frequencies. This frequency agile antenna was designed and realized by new implementation of varactor diodes in the geometry of a circular patch antenna. Beside wide frequency agility (1.17 GHz to 1.58 GHz), full polarization reconfiguration was added to the design by controlling ports excitation of circular patch using RF switches (vertical linear, horizontal linear, right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) and left-handed circular polarization (LHCP)). This deign maintains good gain and radiation efficiency over the tunable range as well as acceptable co-polarization and cross-polarization separation for different polarizations. Since many communications applications require beam steering ability, in our third design, we designed and developed a linear phased array antenna using a modified version of our frequency agile polarization reconfigurable antenna for beam steering applications. This design offers wide frequency agility (1.50 GHz to 2.40 GHz), full polarization reconfiguration (vertical linear, horizontal linear, LHCP and RHCP) as well as beam steering of ±52° and ±28° at 1.5 GHz and 2.4 GHz, respectively. In this 1×4 array, the excitation magnitude and phase of each element was controlled by an analog beamforming feed network (BFN) for beam steering purposes. The required excitation for each element to steer the beam toward a desired location was calculated using projection matrix method (PMM) which uses measured active element pattern (AEP) as its input. This array antenna performance for frequency agility, radiation quality for each polarization and beam steering capability was obtained in the acceptable range. In the last design, the full spherical dual null steering capability of a triple mode circular microstrip patch antenna was investigated. By combining the radiation patterns of three individual modes of microstrip circular patch antenna, two nulls have been generated. These nulls can be repositioned in the upper hemisphere by controlling excitation ratio of each mode. The modes excitation ratio to steer the nulls toward the desired positions was calculated using a derivative free hybrid optimization method. This optimization method uses particle swarm optimization (PSO) combined with pattern search (PS) to find the optimum modes excitation ratio which minimizes the received power at the null positions. The calculated coefficients were applied to the multimode antenna using an analog BFN. This design shows an independent dual null steering with null depth of around 20 dB. Discussion about the proposed antennas included detailed theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and optimizations, beam forming and null steering algorithms, fabrication of the antennas and its control/beamforming feed networks along with the associated bias networks, microcontroller units, and finally its characterization (impedance matching, gain and 2D and 3D radiation patterns). The research work was performed at the Antenna and Microwave Lab (AML) which has the required resources including full wave analysis tools, PCB milling machine, surface mount component soldering station, vector network analyzers, and far-field/spherical near-field radiation pattern measurement system.
Download or read book Microstrip Patch Antennas A Designer s Guide written by Rod Waterhouse and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This useful tool provides the reader with a current overview of where microstrip patch antenna technology is at, and useful information on how to design this form of radiator for their given application and scenario. Practical design cases are provided for each goal.
Download or read book Design of Stripline fed Dual Polarization Aperture coupled Stacked Microstrip Patch Phased Array Antenna for Wideband Application written by David G. Kim and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent days, antennas play an important role in wireless communication system. Microstrip patch antennas are well known to have positive features for cost-effective, low profile and broadband. This type of antenna can be used in wide range of applications such as in wireless communications, radar systems, and satellites. Inhibiting characteristics of single patch antenna with low gain and narrow band leads to the research area to have array configuration. Beam steering antennas are the ideal solution for various systems such as traffic control and collision avoidance radar systems. The goal of this work is to design and implement a dual-linear polarization stacked microstrip patch phased array antenna. Single stacked microstrip patch antenna fed by microstrip line was designed to have approximately 3 GHz bandwidth in X-band with another ground plane to form a stripline-fed. Stripline-fed design protects feed lines from any outside effects. The array configuration was adapted to design in order to accomplish beam scan angle of /- 30 degrees by /- 15 degrees. Binomial power distribution of 3x2 array structure was used in order to reduce grating lobes, and changing length of feed lines was implemented for phase shifting. Bowtie cross shape aperture and dual-offset microstrip feedline was used to feed radiating patches. For the feed network, T-split power divider was implemented and optimized to achieve low loss. The length of microstrip line was adjusted to meet desired phase shift that in wideband application, the length of the line had to be long enough to have similar wavelength response over broad frequency range. The antenna array was designed using standard equations and simulated by electromagnetic analysis software called Zealand's IE3D which is method-of-moments based simulator. The resulting measured impedance bandwidth and gain of both microstrip and stripline-fed single antenna are 43 percent and 5 to 10 dBi with low cross polarizations for all frequencies. The array antenna was measured to have 29 to 60 percent impedance bandwidths depending on the different types of beam scan angles. The gain of the array antenna is 8 to 13 dBi, and the beams are directed as required with /- 3 degrees beam scan angle tolerance. The array antenna had a small offset as compared with simulated results because of the fabrication process such as alignment, distorted feed lines while etching, and etc, but the bandwidths and array patterns were acceptable.
Download or read book Microstrip Patch Antennas written by Kai Fong Lee and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microstrip patch antennas have become the favorite of antenna designers because of its versatility and advantages of planar profile, ease of fabrication, compatibility with integrated circuit technology, and conformability with a shaped surface. As there is currently an urgent need for graduate students and practicing engineers to gain an in-depth understanding of this subject, this book was written with this purpose in mind. The authors are IEEE Fellows who have made significant contributions to their fields of expertise. Professor K F Lee was the recipient of the 2009 John Kraus Antenna Award of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society.
Download or read book Advancement in Microstrip Antennas with Recent Applications written by Ahmed Kishk and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-03-06 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book discusses basic and advanced concepts of microstrip antennas, including design procedure and recent applications. Book topics include discussion of arrays, spectral domain, high Tc superconducting microstrip antennas, optimization, multiband, dual and circular polarization, microstrip to waveguide transitions, and improving bandwidth and resonance frequency. Antenna synthesis, materials, microstrip circuits, spectral domain, waveform evaluation, aperture coupled antenna geometry and miniaturization are further book topics. Planar UWB antennas are widely covered and new dual polarized UWB antennas are newly introduced. Design of UWB antennas with single or multi notch bands are also considered. Recent applications such as, cognitive radio, reconfigurable antennas, wearable antennas, and flexible antennas are presented. The book audience will be comprised of electrical and computer engineers and other scientists well versed in microstrip antenna technology.
Download or read book Microstrip Antennas with Polarization Diversity Across a Wide Frequency Range and Phased Array Antennas for Radar and Satellite Communications written by Kevin Ming-Jiang Ho and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thesis comprises of 3 projects; an L-band microstrip antenna with frequency agility and polarization diversity, X-band phased array antennas incorporating commercially packaged RFIC phased array chips, and studies for Ku/Ka-band shared aperture antenna array. The first project features the use of commercially packaged RF-MEMS SPDT switches, that boasts of high reliability, high linearity, low losses, hermetically packaged and fully compatible for SMTA processes for mass-assembly and production. Using the switches in a novel manner for the feed network, microstrip antennas with polarization diversity are presented. Frequency agility is achieved with the use of tuning diodes to provide capacitive loading to the antenna element. Additional inductance effects from surface-mounted capacitors, and its impact, is introduced. Theoretical cross-polarization of probe-fed antenna elements is presented for both linear and circular polarized microstrip antennas. Designs and measurements are presented, for microstrip antennas with polarization diversity, wide frequency tuning range, and both features. Replacement of the tuning diodes with commercially-packaged high Q RF MEMS tunable capacitors will allow for significant improvements to the radiation efficiency. In another project, multi-channel CMOS RFIC phased-array receiver chips are assembled in QFN packages and directly integrated on the same multi-layered PCB stack-up with the antenna arrays. Problems of isolation from the PCB-QFN interface, and potential performance degradation on antenna array from the use of commercial-grade laminates for assembly requirements, namely potential scan blindness and radiation efficiency, are presented. Causes for apparent drift of dielectric constant for microstrip circuits, and high conductor losses observed in measurements, are introduced. Finally, studies are performed for the design of a Ku/Ka-Band shared aperture array. Different approaches for developing dual-band shared apertures are considered. Design for single-fed circular-polarized dual-band antenna element operating at 20 GHz and 30 GHz is presented. Designs for dual-band quadrature and differential phased 3dB couplers are presented. Studies are performed on cross-polarization performances of circularly-polarized microstrip antenna arrays resulting from performance limitations of individual antenna elements. Results of the pattern studies and designs of the dual-band components can be combined to evaluate practical performance of dual-band array implementation and required component specifications and bandwidth constraints.
Download or read book Reconfigurable Compact Cross Patch Antenna for Switchable Polarization written by Nishamol Saidmuhammed and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antennas are necessary and vital components of communication and radar systems, but sometimes their mobility to adjust to new operating scenarios can limit system performance. Reconfigurable antennas can adjust with changing system requirements or environmental conditions and provide additional levels of functionality that may result in wider instantaneous frequency bandwidths, more extensive scan volumes and radiation patterns with more desirable side lobe distributions. Their agility and diversity created new horizons for different types of applications especially in cognitive radio, Multiple Input Multiple Output Systems, satellites and many other applications. Reconfigurable antennas satisfy the requirements for increased functionality, such as direction finding, beam steering, radar, control and command, within a confined volume.
Download or read book Frequency Selective Surfaces based High Performance Microstrip Antenna written by Shiv Narayan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on performance enhancement of printed antennas using frequency selective surfaces (FSS) technology. The growing demand of stealth technology in strategic areas requires high-performance low-RCS (radar cross section) antennas. Such requirements may be accomplished by incorporating FSS into the antenna structure either in its ground plane or as the superstrate, due to the filter characteristics of FSS structure. In view of this, a novel approach based on FSS technology is presented in this book to enhance the performance of printed antennas including out-of-band structural RCS reduction. In this endeavor, the EM design of microstrip patch antennas (MPA) loaded with FSS-based (i) high impedance surface (HIS) ground plane, and (ii) the superstrates are discussed in detail. The EM analysis of proposed FSS-based antenna structures have been carried out using transmission line analogy, in combination with the reciprocity theorem. Further, various types of novel FSS structures are considered in designing the HIS ground plane and superstrate for enhancing the MPA bandwidth and directivity. The EM design and performance analyses of FSS-based antennas are explained here with the appropriate expressions and illustrations.
Download or read book Advancement in Microstrip Antennas with Recent Applications written by Ahmed Kishk and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2013-03-06 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book discusses basic and advanced concepts of microstrip antennas, including design procedure and recent applications. Book topics include discussion of arrays, spectral domain, high Tc superconducting microstrip antennas, optimization, multiband, dual and circular polarization, microstrip to waveguide transitions, and improving bandwidth and resonance frequency. Antenna synthesis, materials, microstrip circuits, spectral domain, waveform evaluation, aperture coupled antenna geometry and miniaturization are further book topics. Planar UWB antennas are widely covered and new dual polarized UWB antennas are newly introduced. Design of UWB antennas with single or multi notch bands are also considered. Recent applications such as, cognitive radio, reconfigurable antennas, wearable antennas, and flexible antennas are presented. The book audience will be comprised of electrical and computer engineers and other scientists well versed in microstrip antenna technology.
Download or read book Handbook of Microstrip Antennas written by James R. James and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book reviews developments in the following fields:circular microstrip antennas; microstrip patch antennas; circular polarisation and bandwidth; microstrip dipoles; multilayer and parasitic configurations; wideband flat dipole and short-circuit microstrip patch elements and arrays; numerical analysis; multiport network approach; transmission-line model; rectangular microstrip antennas; low-cost printed antennas; printed phased-array antennas; circularly polarised antenna arrays; microstrip antenna feeds; substrate technology; computer-aided design of microstrip and triplate circuits; resonant microstrip antenna elements and arrays for aerospace applications; mobile and satellite systems; conical conformal microstrip tracking antenna; and microstrip field diagnostics.
Download or read book Reconfigurable Wideband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications written by Ahmed Khidre and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, developments of rectangular microstrip patch antenna to have circular polarization agility with wideband performance, for wireless applications are presented. First, a new technique to achieve circularly polarized (CP) probe feed single-layer microstrip patch antenna with wideband characteristics is proposed. The antenna is a modified form of the popular E-shaped patch, used to broaden the impedance bandwidth of a basic rectangular patch antenna. This is established by letting the two parallel slots of the E-patch unequal. Thus, by introducing asymmetry two orthogonal currents on the patch are excited and circularly polarized fields are realized. The proposed technique exhibits the advantage of the simplicity inherent in the E-shaped patch design. It requires only slot lengths, widths, and position parameters to be determined. Also, it is suitable for later adding the reconfigurable capability. With the aid of full-wave simulator Ansoft HFSS, investigations on the effect of various dimensions of the antenna have been carried out via parametric analysis. Based on these investigations, a design procedure for a CP E-shaped patch is summarized. Various design examples with different substrate thicknesses and material types are presented and compared, with CP U-slot patch antennas, recently proposed in the literature. A prototype has been constructed following the suggested design procedure to cover the IEEE 802.11b/g WLAN band. The performance of the fabricated antenna was measured and compared with the simulation results for the reflection coefficient, axial ratio, radiation pattern, and antenna gain. Good agreement is achieved between simulation and measured results demonstrating a high gain and wideband performance. Second, a polarization reconfigurable single feed E-shaped patch antenna with wideband performance is proposed. The antenna is capable of switching from right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) to left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) and vice versa, with the aid of two RF PIN diodes that act as RF switches. The proposed structure which is simple; consists of a single-layer single fed radiating E-shaped patch and RF switch placed on each of its slots at an appropriate location. The design targets WLAN IEEE 802.11b/g frequency band (2.4- 2.5 GHz) as one example of the wireless applications. The idea is based on the first proposed design. In other words, if one of the switches is ON and the other is OFF, the two slot lengths will become effectively unequal and circular polarization will be obtained. If the states of the two switches are reversed, circular polarization with opposite orientation will be obtained at the same frequency band. Full-wave simulator Ansoft HFSS is again used for the analysis. Complete detailed DC biasing circuit of the switches for integration with the antenna is presented. Also, characterizations of the microwave components used in the biasing circuit are discussed. Antenna prototype has been fabricated and tested. Simulation results along with the measured one, for the reflection coefficient, axial ratio, radiation pattern, and antenna gain agree well, showing wide bandwidth and high gain for the two circularly polarized modes.
Download or read book Microstrip Antennas written by Sudipta Chattopadhyay and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The progress in modern tiny multifunctional wireless devices has dramatically increased the demand for microstrip antennas in recent years. Furthermore, in the last few years, such microstrip antennas found numerous applications in both the military and the commercial sectors. Therefore, microstrip patch antenna has become a major focus to the researchers in the field of antenna engineering. In this book, some recent advances in microstrip antennas are presented. This book contains mainly three sections. In the first section, some new approaches to modern analytical techniques rather than the conventional cavity model, transmission line model, or spectral domain analysis have been discussed. In the second section of the book, a light has been showered on some new techniques for bandwidth enhancement of microstrip radiators. In the last section of the book, the recent trends in microstrip antenna research have been showcased. Some newfangled application-oriented approach to this field is vividly discussed. The books main objective is to facilitate the microstrip antenna researchers for exploring the subject in more vibrant manner and also to revolutionize wireless communications. A sufficient number of topics have been covered, some for the first time in a research handbook. I hope that the book will surely be beneficial for scientists, practicing engineers, and researchers working in the field of microstrip antennas.
Download or read book Microstrip Patch Antenna Design written by Bhunia Sunandan and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-01 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Besides lot of advantages of Microstrip Patch Antenna some severe limitations like narrow bandwidth, low power output, low gain hindered it to use in some application specially where wideband, high gain & high power is essential. In modern days researchers are concentrated to overcome these limitations. The design of dual or multi-frequency patch antennas are also very much important because any one can use a single antenna instead of two or more antenna operating in the single frequency. Compact microstrip patch antenna design is also important in modern days as the area is a major constrained in the MMIC design. In this book new and novel approaches to design dual, multi-frequncy, compact and broadband microstrip patch antennas are discussed which are very new and published in different international journals by the author. This book constitutes of eight chapters among which first three chapters are about the basic concept and the last one is for major findings and future scope of work for the young researchers. Other four chapters are for novel approaches for designing different types of microstrip patch antennas.
Download or read book Passive Reconfigurable Dual Linear and Dual Circular Polarization with CLRH TL for Microstrip Patch Antennas written by Alexander Dacey and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Passively controlled reconfigurable antennas are desirable for their relatively inexpensive cost compared to the intensive implementation of RF integrated circuits. Extensive research continues to go into structures utilizing frequency selective metamaterials and their applications in reconfigurable antennas in order to find alternatives to active components. Composite left/right-handed transmission lines (CLRH-TLs), consisting of series capacitors and shunt inductors, are one such structure that is capable of operating as a left-handed transmission line at select frequencies. In this thesis, we propose and investigate a unique frequency selective open circuit utilizing CLRH-TLs that operates as an electrical open and a transmission line at two different frequencies, as well as a quadrature hybrid that is configured with these structures to create the required power and phase distribution for dual linear and dual circular polarizations at four different frequencies. The frequency selective open circuit is verified through simulation and validated through prototyping. The modified quadrature hybrid is integrated in the feed system of an dual linear polarized aperture coupled square microstrip patch antenna that is set in a stacked arrangement to increase the bandwidth to 17% (10.7-12.7GHz). Equivalent circuits to the modified quadrature hybrid demonstrate the four polarizations at four frequencies."--Abstract.
Download or read book Dual Frequency Circular Microstrip Patch Antennas for C Band Apps written by Ankit Ponkia and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference book entitled 'Design and Development of Dual-Frequency Circularly Polarized Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for C-Band Applications' covers basic equation based design of dual-frequency slotted circular microstrip patch antenna using Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis.It highlights fundamental design concepts, design formulas, numerical and mathematical analysis of circular microstrip patch antenna.All antennas can be applicable for various C-Band (4 GHz-8 GHz) applications.
Download or read book Microstrip Patch Antennas Second Edition written by Kai Fong Lee and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microstrip Patch Antennas written by Kai Fong Lee and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction -- Review of some background materials -- General formulation of the cavity model -- Characteristics of the rectangular patch antenna -- Characteristcs of the circular patch antenna -- The annular-ring patch and the equitriangular patch -- Introduction to full wave analysis -- Microstrip patch antennas with adjustable air gaps -- Broadbanding techniques I: general principles, probe compensation, coplanar parasitic patches, stacked parasitic patches -- Broadbanding techniques II: the u-slot patch antenna -- Broadbanding techniques III: the L-probe coupled patch and the meandering-probe fed patch -- Broadbanding techniques IV: aperture coupled patches -- Size reduction techniques -- Dual- and multi-band designs -- Dual polarized patch antenna designs -- Circular polarization -- Reconfigurable microstrip patch antennas -- Microstrip antenna array I: basic principles and examples of design below 5 GHz -- Microstrip antenna array II: sixty (60) GHz antenna array design and applications -- Novel material patch antennas
